• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국방재학회 2007년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
• /
• pp.189-194
• /
• 2007

Kirpich formula was selected as the proper formula for calculating the concentration time at island streams. Kirpich formula can be applied for the expanded range from surface area of $0.453km^2$ and channel bed slope of $3{\sim}5%$ to surface area of $2.0km^2$ and channel bed slope of 1.5%.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
• /
• pp.468-470
• /
• 2007

This paper is to present an approach for generating coarse resolution (MODIS data) fraction images of forested region in Korea peninsula using forest type area fraction derived from high resolution data (ASTER data) in regional forest area. A 15-m spatial resolution multi-spectral ASTER image was acquired under clear sky conditions on September 22, 2003 over the forested area near Seoul, Korea and was used to select each end-member that represent a pure reflectance of component of forest such as different forest, bare soil and water. The area fraction of selected each end-member and a 500-m spatial resolution MODIS reflectance product covering study area was applied to a linear mixture inversion model for calculating the fraction image of forest component across the South Korea. We found that the area fraction values of each end-member observed from high resolution image data could be used to separate forest cover in low resolution image data.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제39권6호
• /
• pp.859-865
• /
• 2017

This paper presents a method for determining the optimum active-area width (OAW) of solar cells in a module architecture. The current density-voltage curve of a reference cell with a narrow active-area width is used to reproduce the current density profile in the test cell whose active area width is to be optimized. We obtained self-consistent current density and electric potential profiles from iterative calculations of both properties, considering the distributed resistance of the contact layers. Further, we determined the OAW that yields the maximum efficiency by calculating efficiency as a function of the active-area width. The proposed method can be applied to the design of the active area of a dye-sensitized solar cell in Z-type series connection modules for indoor and building-integrated photovoltaic systems. Our calculations predicted that OAW increases as the sheet resistances of the contact layers and the intensity of light decrease.

• 한국지리정보학회지
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.54-68
• /
• 2000

본 연구는 입목가격의 산정을 위해 지리정보시스템을 적용해 보고자 시도되었다. 우선 지리정보시스템(GIS)에 의해 연구대상지역의 산림에 대한 벌채가능지역을 구분하였고 이 지역산림의 입목가격을 산출하였다. 단위재적당 입목가격은 국유림산물 매각규칙 및 시행내규의 가격산출 공정에 따라 시장가역산법에 의해 산출되었다. 이때 GIS를 이용하여 벌목조재공정과 산지집재공정에 대한 작업량을 산출하여 시장가역산법에 의한 $m^3$당 입목가격을 산출하였다. 그 결과 침엽수의 가격은 $m^3$당 최하 1만원 이하에서부터 최고 5만원 정도까지 입목가격 분포를 나타냈으며 활엽수의 경우는 최하 2만원에서부터 최고 4만원이상으로 나타났다. 본 연구대상지역(250ha)중에서 벌채제한지역을 제외한 벌채가능지역(197.3ha)의 총 판매예상가격은 11억 3,126만원으로서 잣나무가 6억 5,010만원(57%) 낙엽송이 9,695만원(9%)을 차지하였고 활엽수의 가격은 3억 8,299만원으로 전체의 약 34%를 차지하였다. 그리고 소나무는 122만원으로서 그 차지하는 비율이 매우 경미하였다.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.195-205
• /
• 2001

본 연구는 고속도로 합류부의 교통 특성 분석을 목적으로 한다. 합류부가 기본구간과 구별되는 가장 큰 특징은 연결로 차량의 본선합류이며, 이로 인해 합류부의 교통 특성은 기본구간과 크게 대별된다. 이러한 합류부의 교통 특성을 파악하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 합류 시 요구되는 임계차두간격과 이로 인해 결정되는 최대 진입가능 교통량이라는 두 요소에 초점을 맞추었다. 본 연구에서는 확률 모형을 통해 합류 용량 산정 시 임계차간간격(Critical time gap)대신 임계차두간격(Critical time headway)이 적용될 수 있도록 모형을 구축하였다. 기존 연구에서는 합류 용량 산정시 합류하고자 하는 진입 차량은 본선을 주행하는 차량들 사이의 차간간격이 임계차간간격 이상이면 모두 진입하는 것으로 간주되어왔다. 또한 임계차간간격은 교통류 상태와는 관계없이 항상 동일한 값으로 적용되었다. 그러나, 합류 과정에서 필요한 차간간격은 동일한 운전자에 대해서도 다른 교통류 상태 예를 들어, 교통류의 상대속도 차이 등에 따라 다르게 나타날 수 있으므로 정해진 임계차간간격이 합류 과정 시불충분한 값으로 인식될 수도 있게 된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는, 먼저 모든 교통류 상태에 대한 임계차두간격 산출 원리를 제시하였다. 또한 도출된 임계차두간격을 통해 최대 진입가능 교통량 및 합류부의 최대 통과 교통량을 산출하였다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2011

This study proposes proportions of functional areas in the ward of general hospitals, which are derived from 5 big university hospitals in order to establish the ward area standard for hospital design. The results of this paper are as follows. First, functional areas of hospital ward are composed of bedroom area, nursing area, training area, service area, and common area. Of course common area can be divided into first common area and secondary common area. The first common area(inter departmental common area) includes lobbies, elevator lobbies, corridors, restroom, and mechanical shafts. The secondary common area means the common area within special department such as ward or radiology department. Second, a standard method of calculating ward areas has been proposed: the standard is based on the center line of the wall between functional areas. Third, the proportions of 6 functional areas in ward are suggested.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.117-120
• /
• 2002

In this study the occlusion of dural-sac, the outer membrane of spinal cord in the lumbar region, was quantitatively analyzed using one motion segment finite element model. Occlusion was quantified by calculating cross sectional area change of dural-sac far different compressive impact duration(loading rate) due to bony fragment at the posterior wall of the cortical shell in vertebral body. Dural-sac was occluded most highly in the range of 8∼12 msec impact duration by the bony fragment intruding into the spinal canal. t=400 msec case 4% cross sectional area change was calculated, which is the same as the cross sectional area change under 6 kN of static compressive loading.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.563-576
• /
• 1998

To study the influences of the emission sources during lune 13∼15 1997 in Seoul, MESOPVFF II model has been used. The MESOPVFF II model includes terrain effects, chemical transformation and removal processes. Data of 20 surface meteorological stations and the upper air station on mid-west area in Korea were used as a DWM (Diagnostic Wind Model) input data. This model is likely to be applicable because the predicted SO2 concentration was well matched with measured 502 concentration in Seoul and Kyonggido. In generally air pollutants in Seoul have major influence on the other cities but the result of modeling appeared also air pollutants of the other cities influence on Seoul. Finally, in the case of calculating the air quality by diffusion model, the influences of air pollutants emitted in metropolitan area as well as the emission rate in modeling area should be considered.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.87-96
• /
• 2011

In this study, the AERMOD dispersion model was used for predicting odor concentrations and back-calculating industrial area source odor emission rate. The studied area was Sihwa industrial complex in Korea. Odor samples were collected during two days over a year period in 2009. The comparison between the predicted and observed concentrations indicates that the AERMOD model could fairly well predict average downwind odor concentrations. The results show odor emission rates of Sihwa industrial complex area source were ranged from 0.204 to 2.320 $OUms^{-1}$ (average 0.476 $OUms^{-1}$). The results also show wind speed and direction are important parameters to the odor dispersion.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.36-41
• /
• 2011

Nowadays, the solar expose right is very important with people's life. Therefore, in calculating the sunshine hours, the point analysis and area analysis methods are used in previous studies. Previous two methods have merits and faults. Therefore, ray-tracing method is used as a alternative. Ray-tracing method is adopted by the software of Autodesk Ecotect which is a widely used program by the architectural company and academic university. In this study first, ray-tracing methodology is studied with how to calculate the overshadowing area and, secondly, the sensitivity of the two major factors, overshadowing accuracy and sky subdivision, is analyzed. With these results, appropriate application of the ray-tracing method is presented.