• Title/Summary/Keyword: Calcium uptake

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Effects of Amo-1618 on the Yield, Behavior of Mineral Nutritions and Uptake Ratio Employing P-32 Labelled Double Calcium Super-phosphate in Rice Plants (水稻(수도)에 대한 질소(窒素) 및 인산효율증진(燐酸效率增進)에 관한 연구(硏究) -(수도(水稻)에 대한 Amo-1618 처리(處理)가 수량(收量), 무기영양요소(無機營養要素)의 동태(動態) 및 $P^{32}$ 표식중과석(標識重過石)의 이용율(利用率)에 미치는 영향(影響))-)

  • Ahn, Hak-Soo
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.11
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    • pp.173-184
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    • 1969
  • To elucidate the effect of Amo-1618(4-hydroxyl-5-isopropyl-2-methlphenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 1-piperidine carboxylate) known as a kind of growth retardant, on the growth, grain yield, increasing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, behavior of mineral nutritions and the rate of phosphorus utilization, this experiment was conducted pot culture method in a vinyl house. Two nitrogen level, namely, practical nitrogen level(1 N) and three times nitrogen level(3 N) was made and labelled double-calcium-superphosphate $Ca(H_2P^{32}O_4)_2.\;2H_2O)$ as a source of radioactive phosphorus(P-32) was employed $80\;{\mu}c/pot$, respectively. Rice seedlings, variety 'Suwon No. 82', was transplanted to a 1/50,000 a china pot on June 13 in 1968. For treatment, at early stage of tillering, 10,000 ppm solution of Amo-1618 was foliar sprayed only one time. The Duncan's new mutiple-range test was adopted for statistical analysis evaluating experimental data at 5% level significance. The results obtained may be summarized as follows; 1) No significant difference was found among the treatments in plant height, but in plot of Amo-1618 treatment and 3 N level, number of tillers was significantly increased than that of others. 2) Weight of 10,000 kernels and seed-setting rate was also remarkably increased in same treatment above. 3) Grain yield per pot was significantly increased in Amo-1618 and 3 N level application. This results seemed to be due to the increased the factors on the yield. 4) Contents of nitrogen and phosphorus per cent in the grain was likewise increased in Amo-1618 and 3 N application. There is, however, no difference among treatments in the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaves and culms of rice plants. 5) On the other hand, the contents of potassium and magnesium, no distinctly tendeny showed among treatments. 6) The rate of phosphorus utilization was significantly increased in the plot of Amo-1618 and 3 N application.

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Diagnosis and Treatment of Brown Tumor (Brown 종양의 진단 및 치료)

  • Cho, Yong Jin;Cho, Yung Min;Na, Seung Min;Jung, Sung-Taek
    • Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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    • v.55 no.1
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    • pp.54-61
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    • 2020
  • Purpose: Brown tumor is a tumor-like disease that can occur as a linked disease of hyperparathyroidism which can causes osteoporosis, osteitis fibrosa cystica, pathologic fractures. Brown tumor has been reported as a case report, but there is no comprehensive report on the exact diagnosis and principle of management for osseous lesion. The purpose of this study is to report the treatment and results of osseous lesions through 5 cases. Materials and Methods: From February 2004 to May 2015, five cases of Brown tumor were diagnosed in Chosun University Hospital and Chonnam National University Hospital orthopedic department. Medical records and radiographs were reviewed retrospectively. Parathyroid tumors were surgically removed, and surgical treatment and observation were performed for orthopedic osseous lesions. Results: The mean length of the long axis of the symptomatic osseous lesion was 6.2 cm (4.5-9.0 cm). An average of 7.6 (range, 3 to 14) of high uptake osseous lesion showed in whole body bone scan. The absolute value, T-score and Z-score of the vertebrae and proximal femur were adequate for diagnosis of osteoporosis using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry bone mineral density at diagnosis and recovered to normal at the last follow-up. In laboratory tests, serum concentrations of total calcium, ionized calcium, inorganic phosphorus, serum alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone were helpful to diagnosis and normalized upon successful removal of parathyroid adenoma or cancer. Conclusion: For accurate diagnosis of Brown tumor, it should be accompanied by systemic examination as well as clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and radiologic examination for osseous lesions. And a good prognosis can be expected if the hyperparathyroidism is treated together with the comprehensive treatment of osseous lesions.

The Effect of Soil Acidification on the Distribution of Nutrients and Heavy metals in Forest Ecosystem near Ulsan Industrial Estate (울산(蔚山) 공단주변(工團周邊) 산림토양(山林土壤)의 산성화(酸性化)가 산림생태계(山林生態系)의 양료(養料)와 중금속(重金屬) 분포(分布)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lee, Seung Woo;Lee, Soo Wook
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.84 no.3
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    • pp.286-298
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    • 1995
  • This study was carried out to investigate the effect of forest soil acidification on the distribution of exchangeable cations($Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$) and heavy metals(Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd) in soil, and to understand the relation of the soil chemical properties and the distribution of nutrients and hear metals in fine root and foliage. The results through survey on the long - term change of soil pH and the contents of nutrient and heavy metal in soil, fine root and foliage by 2 sites near Ulsan - Onsan industrial estate and 2 sites in limited development district are summarized as follows : 1. The average forest soil pH(A horizon) in Ulsan had been proceeded down to 3.73 in deciduous forest and 3.86 in coniferous forest in 1994 from 4.45 and 4.78 in 1987, respectively, which indicated serious soil acidification. As comparing soil pH among sites, Dongcheon coniferous forest(pH 4.57) in limited development district showed the highest values and Dangwol deciduous forest(pH 3.19) near Onsan industrial estate showed the lowest values in 1994. 2. Contents of exchangeable calcium in forest soils of limited development district where showed much higher soil pH than industrial estate were 3.5 times more in deciduous forest soil and 11 times more in coniferous forest soil than in industrial estate, and contents of exchangeable magnesium were also 4.5 and 5 times more in limited development district than in industrial estate, respectively. However contents of exchangeable aluminium which had been supposed more in forest soil of industrial estate were more in limited development district. 3. Contents of calcium and magnesium in fine root of deciduous trees(A hirsuta. Q. acutissima) were 3.6 and 1.7 times more in limited development district than in industrial estate, respectively, and those of coniferous trees(P. rigida, P. thunbergii) were 4.6 and 1.5 times more in Limited development district than in industrial estate, respectively. Also contents of calcium and magnesium in foliage of deciduous trees were 1.1 and 2.2 times more in limited development district than in industrial estate, respectively, and those of coniferous trees were 1.8 and 3.3 times more in limited development district, respectively. And contents of aluminium in fine root and foliage were nearly as same as in soil. 4. Ca/Al molar ratios in soil and fine root, which could be related with the dgree of soil acidification and Al toxicity on trees, were Less than 1 in all sites except Dongcheon, suggesting that the soil and fine root in the sites have high sensitivity to soil acidification and the decrease in nutrient uptake and root enlargement. The Ca/Al molar ratios in soil and fine root in coniferous forest were highly correlated with the soil pH one another. 5. Contents of Cu, Zn and Pb in soil, fine root and foliage were more in industrial estate than in limited development district in both deciduous and coniferous forests, however, oppositely contents of Mn and Cd in soil were more in limited development district than in industrial estate.

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Study on Forage Cropping System Adapted to Soil Characteristics in Reclaimed Tidal Land (간척지 토양특성에 알맞은 사료작물 작부체계 연구)

  • Yang, Chang-Hyu;Lee, Jang-Hee;Kim, Sun;Jeong, Jae-Hyeok;Baek, Nam-Hyun;Choi, Weon-Young;Lee, Sang-Bok;Kim, Young-Doo;Kim, Si-Ju;Lee, Gyeong-Bo
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.45 no.3
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    • pp.385-392
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to find out the optimum cropping system for the stable production of forage crops in the newly reclaimed land located at Gwanghwal and Gyehwa region of Saemangum reclaimed tide land from October, 2009 to October, 2011. Whole crop barley (WCB), Rye, Italyan-ryegrass (IRG) as winter crops and Corn, Sorghum${\times}$sudangrass hybrid (SSH) as summer crops were cultivated. Soil chemical properties, nutrient uptake, feed value, growth and yield were examinated. The testing soil was showed saline alkali soil where the contents of organic matter, available phosphate and exchangeable calcium were very low, while exchangeable sodium and magnesium were higher. Changes of soil salinity during the growing season of forage crops were less than 0.2%, and the growth of forage crops was not affected by salt injury. Standing rates of winter crops were higher in the order of Rye, WCB, and IRG, while the dry matter yield of winter crops was higher in the order of IRG, Rye and WCB. The highest crude protein (CP) content was recorded in IRG, and total digestive nutrients (TDN) contents were increased in the order of WCB, IRG, and Rye. The TDN content was higher in corn, whereas other feed value was higher in SSH. The content of mineral nutrients on stem, leaf and grain in IRG, Corn were high. After experiment pH was lowed, contents of exchangeable magnesium, sodium and organic matter were decreased while contents of total nitrogen, available phosphate and exchangeable potassium, calcium were increased. Winer crops and summer crops after continually cultivating in cropping system, fresh matter yield increased, compared to WCB-Corn (74,740 kg $ha^{-1}$), IRG-SSH 10%, IRG-Corn 7%, Rye-SSH 6%, Rye-Corn and WCB-SSH 3%. Dry matter yield increased, compared to WCB-Corn (20,280 kg $ha^{-1}$), IRG-SSH 7%, Rye-SSH 6%, IRG-Corn/Rye-Corn/WCB-SSH 3%. The TDN yield increased, compared to WCB-Corn (13,830 kg $ha^{-1}$), IRG-SSH 2%, WCB-SSH and IRG-Corn 1%. Therefore, we suggest that the crop combination of IRG-SSH and WCB-SSH would be preferred for silage stable production.

Seasonal Mineral Nutrient Absorption Characteristics and Development of Optimum Nutrient Solution for Rose Substrate Culture in a Closed Hydroponic System (순환식 수경재배에서 재배시기별 장미의 무기이온 흡수특성과 적정 배양액 조성)

  • Yang, Eun-Young;Park, Keum-Soon;Oh, Jeong-Sim;Lee, Hye-Jin;Lee, Yong-Beom;Lee, Ju-Hyun
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.354-362
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    • 2009
  • This study was performed to develop a suitable nutrient solution for standard rose substrate culture in a closed hydroponic system. 1/4, 1/2, 2/3 and 1 strength of the nutrient solution made by Japan National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science (JNIVT) were supplied. The photosynthesis rate, quality and growth of cut flower were higher in the 1/2 and 2/3 strength of nutrient solution during high and low temperature period. Based on the above results, optimum nutrient solutions (UOS) were composed by nutrientwater (n/w) absorption ratio with 1/2S ($NO_{3^-}N$ 6.8, $NH_{4^-}N$ 0.7, $PO_{4^-}P$ 2.0, K 3.8, Ca 3.0, Mg 1.2, $SO_{4^-}S$ $1.2me{\cdot}L^{-1}$) at high temperature season and 2/3($NO_{3^-}N$ 9.7, $NH_{4^-}N$ 0.8, $PO_{4^-}P$ 2.2, K 5.0, Ca 3.9, Mg 1.5, $SO_{4^-}S$ $1.5me{\cdot}L^{-1}$) at low temperature season. The results of suitability examination showed that the EC level in newly composed nutrient solution (UOS) was more stable than other nutrient solutions due to its large amount of calcium and potassium. The growth of cut flower cultivated with UOS was higher than those of other nutrient solutions. Especially, the yield of cut flowers in UOS nutrient solution increased 1.4 times than that of other nutrient solution treatments. Consequently, the new nutrient solution investigated in this experiment was suitable for rose cultivation in a closed hydroponic system.

Studies on the Use of Radioisotope Tracer Techniques to Investigate and Improve the Root Activities in Rice Plant(I) - Effect of Water Control in Soil of the Paddy Field Lacking in the Special Mineral Nutritions - (방사성(放射性) 동위체도입(同位體導入)과 그 추적기술(追跡技術)에 의(依)한 수도근계(水稻根系) 활성상(活性相)의 해명(解明)과 개선(改善)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) - 특수성분(特殊成分) 결핍(缺乏) 답토양(沓土壤)에서의 용수조절(用水調節) 효과(效果)에 대(對)하여-(제1보)(第1報) -)

  • Ahn, Hak-Soo;Chung, Hee-Don;Kim, Kyu-Won;Shim, Sang-Chil
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.77-84
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    • 1972
  • A field experiment was conducted to determine the factors responsible in limiting nutrient up take and root activity in low productive paddy fold. Radiosotope of phosphorus-32 was used as a tracer. Results of the study were as follows: 1. On yield components responsible for increase yield indicated that number of ears per panicle and ripening ratio were closely related to increase yield. 2. Root volume or root feeding area has significant influence in increasing rice yield. 3. Root volume indicative of root activity and nutrient uptake can be effected by reasonable water control. 4. The combined application of calcium, silica, and magnesium(as a fused magnesium phosphate. the Kyun-gi Chemical Co. products.) with water control, although under conditions of large amount application of nitrogen, was found to be increased the maturing rate. 5. In the plots of water control, the number of roots per one volume were less than that of the continuous flooding plots, but the weight per root was heavier than the flooding plot ones. 6. Improvement of the present native culture method could effectively increase paddy rice yield.

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Comparisons of Simple Extraction Methods and Availability for Heavy Metals in Paddy Soils (토양 중금속의 단일침출방법과 유효도 비교)

  • Jung, Goo-Bok;Kim, Won-Il;Moon, Kwang-Hyun;Ryu, In-Soo
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.314-318
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    • 2000
  • To compare heavy metal phytoavailability in paddy soils near five abandoned mining areas, 4 different soil extractants such as 0.1M-HCl, $0.1M-HNO_3$, 0.05M-EDTA, and 0.005M-DTPA were used. Total acid digestion method $(H_2SO_4:HClO_4:HNO_3)$ was also employed to analyze heavy metal content in 30 paddy soils and brown rice. The rates of extracted heavy metal to total content were in the range of $12.1{\sim}39.1%$ for Cd, $20.5{\sim}45.5%$ for Cu, $10.6{\sim}30.7%$ for Pb, and $6.7{\sim}13.0%$ for Zn. 0.1M-HCl and $0.1M-HNO_3$ extractable both Cu and Pb were relatively less extracted at the high soil pH and extractable calcium site(Mine D) whereas 0.05M-EDTA and 0.005M-DTPA extractable Pb were strongly extracted at the same soils. In case of Cd, Cu, and Zn in soil, 4 types of extractable heavy metals and total content were highly correlated with each other. However, there were positive correlations between 0.1 M-HCl and $0.1M-HNO_3$ extractable Pb as well as between 0.05M-EDTA and 0.005M-DTPA extractable Pb, which were relatively similar extractants in chemical properties. The rates of heavy metals in brown rice to total contents in soils were in the order Zn>Cd>Cu>Pb. Specially, the rate of Cd, Pb, and Zn were lower at the highest level of soil pH and Ex. Ca. Both Cd and Zn in brown rice were positively correlated with those of all soil extractants. It was estimated that the solubility following to the plant uptake of Cd and Zn were higher than those of Cu and Pb considering relationships between all kinds of heavy metal contents in soil and those in brown rice.

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Effect of Slaked-Lime and Straw on the Soil pH, Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Rice in Akiochi Paddy Field (추락답(秋落沓)에 있어서 소석회(消石灰)와 생고시용(生藁施用)이 토양(土壤) pH, 수도(水稻)의 양분흡수(養分吸收) 및 수량(收量)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Ahn, Su-Bong
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.145-151
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    • 1976
  • This study was conducted to determine the effect of slaked lime and straw used on the soil pH in the flooded condition and yield of rice grown in AKIOCHI paddy field and their residual effects on the rice plants. The results obtained were summarized as follow: when lime and straw were applied, there was on the average 41% of yield increase over plots treated with three elements of chemical fertilizers. When lime plus straw were used, the growth rate at later stage of rice plant was prominent. Damage due to helminthosporium and blast were found less, the rate of lower-leaf death was low, and grain number, per head, filled grain ratio, and weight of rice grain were higher than control. When lime plus straw were used, higher amount of silicate, calcium, nitrogen and potassium was found in the plants at heading stage. The residual effects of lime plus straw were 20% in the first year, about 10% in the second year and 5% in the third year, respectively. Soil pH was affected by both straw and slaked lime, and it was fixed about 8 days after applying in the flooded condition. The following formulae was suggested from the results in the flooded conditions. $$pH=5.5293+8.6007X_1+2.7836X_2-{6.7422X_1}^2-{1.8522X_2}^2-7.000X_1X_2$$ ($X_1$=slaked lime, $X_2$=straw)

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Effect of Nutrient Solution Concentration on the Growth and Mineral Uptake of Various Wrap-up Vegetables and Herbs Grown with Mixed Planting in DFT Hydroponics (담액 수경재배 시 양액농도 처리가 혼식한 쌈 채소류와 허브류의 생육과 무기양분 흡수에 미치는 영향)

  • Seo, Tae-Cheol;Rho, Mi-Young;Gang, Nam-Jun;Lee, Seong-Chan;Choi, Young-Hah;Yun, Hyung-Kweon
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.395-406
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    • 2007
  • The twenty seven wrap-up vegetables (13 Compositae, 14 Brassicaceae) and seven herbs (6 Labiatae, 1 Umbelliferae) were cultivated with a deep flow technique (DFT) hydroponic beds and treated with 3 levels of nutrient solution concentrations of 1.2, 2.4, and $3.6dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in summer and autumn season. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC) change of nutrient solution, fresh weight, and mineral contents of plants were investigated. The pH was maintained lower in high electrical conductivity (EC) treatment and in summer than autumn. EC of nutrient solution in EC $3.6dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ treatment increased up to $4.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ during the growing period in summer season. The growth of tested plants showed high variations by plant species and nutrient solution concentrations. The coefficient variation (CV) of the shoot fresh weight of plants was higher in summer than autumn. The growth of Compostiae and herbs was better at EC $1.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, and 14 Brassicaceae was better at EC $2.4dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in summer. In autumn, the growth was better at EC $2.4dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in all plants except kale 'TBC F1' and red rape 'honchaetae'. In mineral contents, total nitrogen and potassium were higher in autumn than summer. Total nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium were higher in Brassicaceae than others. Iron and manganese, however, were higher in Compositae. As the results, this study suggests that mixed planting of 27 wrap-up vegetables and 7 herbs in DFT hydroponics in two seasons was possible and EC $1.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in summer and EC $2.4dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in autumn be recommended as for the nutrient solution concentration to produce them safely year round.

Characterization of Copper Toxicity Symptoms and Determination of Tissue Critical Concentration for Diagnostic Criteria in Korean Bred Strawberries (국내육성 주요 딸기 품종에서 발생하는 구리(Cu) 과잉 증상 및 영양진단을 위한 식물체 내 한계농도)

  • Choi, Jong Myung;Nam, Min Ho;Lee, Chiwon W.
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.477-483
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    • 2012
  • This study was carried out to investigate the influence of copper concentrations in fertilizer solution on the growth of and nutrient uptake by domestically bred strawberries. The characterization of toxicity symptoms as well as tissue analyses based on dry weight of above ground tissue were also conducted to determine the threshold levels in plants when toxicity developed in copper. The dry weights of the above ground tissue were not significantly different among the treatments of 0.25 mM to 1.0 mM in 'Keumhyang' and 'Maehyang' strawberries and that of 0.25 mM to 3.0 mM in 'Seolhyang' strawberry. This indicates that the 'Seolhyang' strawberry is more tolerant to copper toxicity than 'Keumhyang' or 'Maehyang' strawberries. Application of copper at high concentrations resulted in severe toxicity such as death of extensive areas of leaves. The lower leaves became yellow and die rapidly as the symptoms spread up the plants. The leaf blades and petioles died back to the crown and hang on by mechanical attachment. Symptoms of copper toxicity in lower leaves developed as browning on leaf margins and in patches between leaf veins that became necrotic. The elevation of copper concentrations in fertilizer solution did not influence the tissue phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium contents based on the dry weight of the above ground tissue. The tissue copper contents increased lineally as the copper concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated. But the tissue iron, manganese and boron contents were not influenced by the concentrations. When the concentration of copper at which growth of a plant is retarded by 10% is regarded as threshold level, the copper contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 71.4, 57.9 and 74.8 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries, respectively. The symptom characterization and established threshold level in copper toxicity would help growers to prevent the reduction of crop growth and yield in 'Seolhyang' strawberry cultivation.