• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2016

Major diseases in grafted cacti have been reported and Fusarium oxysporum, Bipolaris cactivora, Phytophthora spp. and Collectotrichum spp. are known as causal pathogens. These pathogens can lead to plant death after infection. Therefore, some European countries have quarantined imported cacti that are infected with specific fungal pathogens. Consequently, we developed PCR detection methods to identify four quarantined fungal pathogens and reduce export rejection rates of Korean grafted cacti. The pathogen specific primer sets F.oF-F.oR, B.CF-B.CR, P.nF-P.nR, and P.cF-P.CR were tested for F. oxysporum, B.cactivora, P. nicotinae, and P. cactorum, respectively. The F.oF-F.oR primer set was designed from the Fusarium ITS region; the B.CF-B.CR and P.nF-P.nR primers respectively from Bipolaris and Phytophthora ITS1; and the P.cF-P.CR primer set from the Ypt1protein gene region. The quarantine fungal pathogen primer pairs were amplified to the specific number of base pairs in each of the following fungal pathogens: 210-bp (F. oxysporum), 510-bp (B. cactivora), 313-bp (P. nicotinae), and 447-bp (P. cactorum). The detection limit for the mono- and multiplex PCR primer sets was 0.1 ng of template DNA under in vitro conditions. Therefore, each primer set successfully diagnosed contamination of quarantine pathogens in export grafted cacti. Consequently, our methodology is a viable tool to screen contamination of the fungal pathogen in exported grafted cacti.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.7 s.87
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• pp.915-922
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• 2007

In order to discover physiologically active substance, we investigated a powder obtained by processing of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Makino trunk. The powder was treated by sulfuric acid and then extracted by several solvents such as methanol, methylene chloride, ethanol etc. Among them, the best antimicrobial activity was showed by methylene chloride extract. To identify materials exhibiting physiological activation, the acid hydrolyzed extract was separated by 7 fractions through preparative silica gel TLC. The effective fraction exhibiting the best broad antimicrobial activity was identified, named as MBT-01108. From structural analysis of the products extracted to acid hydrolysis, a compound exhibiting the antimicrobial activities is identified to levulinic acid. Levulinic acid isolated from Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Makino may be applicable as a natural preservative of food or cosmetic and for prevention of bacterial diseases, an ingredient of acne, ageing and whitening cosmetics and an antimicrobial agent.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.847-853
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• 1997

Attempts were made to determine the compositions of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten for the utilization as food materials. The major components of Opuntia ficus-indica and aloe in proximate compositions were nitrogen free extract. Total mineral contents of stem, fruit and seed of Opuntia ficus-indica were 9400.8, 6151.2 and 1096.8 mg%, respectively, and their major minerals were Ca, P and Mg. The major free amino acids of fruit were tyrosine, proline and arginine, those of stem were glycine and arginine and that of seed was glutamic acid. The major amino acid of fruit was glutamic acid, those of stem were glycine and arginine and those of seed were glutmic acid and arginine. Vitamin C contents of fruit and stem were 163.8 and 71.2 mg% but not presented in seed. Vitamin A was also not presented in fruit, stem and seed. Contents of total polyphenols and flavonoids were changed by extraction solvent and temperature. Total polyphenols of fruit were higher than those of stem and seed. Total flavonoids of fruit were similar to those of stem.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.3 no.1_2
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• pp.31-39
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• 1980

Light energy utilization was investigated in the fallen stems of Opuntia bigelovii. Threshold time for the decreasing steady state of acid accumulation in the palisade tissue of Opuntia stems was 4 hours under 1,000 $\mu Em^{-2}sec^{-1}$ of PAR at $75^{\circ}C$, while stomatal closing throughout the stem stage was illustrated by 256.0-310.4 sec $\textrm{cm}^{-1}$ of stem diffusive resistance and 0.20g $day^{-1}$ of the water loss rate as cuticular resistance. The acid loss rate in the stems per 4 hours was related to tissue water contents and a few acid loss rate could be recognized at the water content rage of 56.4%~46.8%. Endogenous oscillation of tissue acidity due to the diurnal rhythmic phenomena depended on the tissue water content was found in the Opuntia stems with stomatal closing during the normal day/night cycle. The survival rate of 1 segment to survive 2 years old cactus was 22.7% in desert environments. Such a compensation photosynthesis which utilizes light energy and maintains the reassimilation of endogenous gases was interpreted as conceptual model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2006

The flow around a foil with waterjet was investigated using the two-frame PIV(CACTUS 3.1) system. After separation, unsteady recirculation & reattachment region was shown as a result at reading edge. Separation area was decreased to 1/3 more by waterjet system with coanda effect. Angle of attack and waterjet velocity was a variable in the experiment. Each parameters was controlled to $0^{\circ}{\sim}35^{\circ}$ and 0[m/s]${\sim}$9.2[m/s]. The separation of flow appearanced at first when the angle of attack is $17^{\circ}{\sim}18^{\circ}$. However, according to grew up of velocity, beginning of the separation was delayed. In this experiment, vortex and separation region was disappeared by blown when each parameters are low level, and separation controlled more certainly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.135-140
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• 2005

There are cofferdam and watertight wall to prevent of circulation or pollution during building of ocean structures like a dam and bridge in the harbors area and the sea. Inflow fluid and base of structure is important thing as one of the structural design factors for this interception wall like a cofferdam and watertight wall. In this study, it is revealed that at least 500 instantaneous velocity field data are required for ensemble average to get reliable turbulence statistics. The turbulent shear flow around a surface-mounted vertical wall was investigated by using the two-frame PIV(CACTUS 3.1) system and Mean velocity distributions have also been measured in the whole flow field.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.293-304
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• 2005

In this paper, we research on job migration in a grid computing environment with cactus and MPICH-C2 based on Globus. Our concepts are to perform job migration by finding the site with plenty of computational resources that would decrease execution time in a grid computing environment. The Migration Manager recovers the job from the checkpointing files and restarts the job on the migrated site. To select a migrating site, the proposed method considers system's performance index, cpu's load, network traffic to send migration job tiles and the execution time predicted on a migration site. Then it selects a site with maximal performance gains. By selecting a site with minimum migration time and minimum execution time. this approach implements a more efficient grid computing environment. The proposed method Is proved by effectively decreasing total execution time at the $K\ast{Grid}$.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.197-200
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• 2009

A new grafted cactus cultivar, G. 'Gohong', was developed by crossing 'DR' line with dark red color and G. 'Seolhong' with dark red color in 2004. It grew for 6 months after grafting in vitro and culturing at 100 mL test tube. After grafting and planting in greenhouse in 2005, various characteristics were evaluated three times until 2008. It has flat-round shape and dark red skin. In addition, it has 8 to 10 ribs and gray and straight spines on the body. The diameter of it was 44.1 mm after 10 months. It grew bigger and faster comparing with G 'Seolhong' cultivar. The ability of propagation in G. 'Gohong' is similar to that of G. 'Seolhong' producing approximately 12.1 daughter globes for 10 months after planting.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.248-250
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• 2011

A new grafted cactus cultivar, G. mihanovichii 'Ihong', for exporting abroad, was developed by crossing G. mihanovichii 'DR' line with dark red color, and G. mihanovichii 'Seolhong' cultivar with dark red in 2005. It grew for 6 months after grafting in vitro and culturing at 100 mL test tube. After grafting and planting in greenhouse in 2006, various characteristics were evaluated three times until 2009. It has flat round shape and dark red skin. In addition, it has 8 to 10 ribs and brown straight spines on the body. Its diameter was 44.0 mm after 10 months from planting, and bigger comparing with that of 'Seolhong' cultivar. The ability of propagation in 'Ihong' was better than that of 'Seolhong' and 'Ihong' approximately produced 15.8 offsets for 10 months.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.291-294
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• 2010

A new grafted cactus cultivar, G. mihanovichii 'Hwangun', for exporting abroad, was developed by crossing G. mihanovichii 'Hwangwol' variety with yellow and orange color, and G. mihanovichii '0111021' line with yellow color in 2008. It grew for 6 months after grafting in vitro and culturing at 100 mL test tube. After grafting and planting in greenhouse in 2005, various characteristics were evaluated three times until 2008. It has flat-round shape and bright yellow skin. In addition, it has 7 to 9 ribs and brown straight spines on the body. The diameter of it was 40.9 mm after 10 months after planting, and small comparing with G. mihanovichii 'Hukwang' cultivar. The ability of propagation in G. mihanovichii 'Hwangun' is prior to that of G. mihanovichii 'Hukwang' producing approximately 22.3 daughter globes for 10 months.