• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 레반의 경구 투여가 혈중 지질 및 체내 칼슘대사에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 0.1% 칼슘제한식이를 섭취하는 흰쥐를 대상으로 각각 식이무게의 2.5%와 5% 수준의 레반을 8주간 투여하면서 대사실험을 수행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 체중 증가량은 대조군(C)에 비하여 5% 레반을 섭취한 군에서 감소하였으며 신장의 무게는 대조군에 비하여 레반 섭취군에서 유의적으로 높았으나 간무게는 차이가 없었다. 레반의 섭취는 맹장 내용물을 유의적으로 증가시켰으며 5%레반 섭취시 맹장조직의 무게가 유의적으로 증가하였다. 혈장 triacylglycerol과 LDL-cholesterol은 대조군에 비하여 5% 레반 섭취군에서 유의적으로 감소하였으나 AI에는 차이가 없었다. 혈장 alkaline phosphatase (ALP)와 뇨중 hydroxnproline(HP) 배설량, 혈장 칼슘 농도, 체중에 대한 대퇴골 무게 비는 레반 섭취로 변화되지 않았다. 그러나 5% 레반 섭취군의 변 중 칼슘 배설량은 대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 적었으며 칼슘 흡수율은 높았다. 레반섭취군의 뇨 칼슘 배설량과 칼슘 보유량(Ca retention)은 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 본 연구의 결과로 보아 수용성 식이섬유인 레반은 혈장 지질 개선효과와 칼슘 흡수율 증가 등의 유익한 생리적 특성을 보이므로 다이어트와 정장 기능성 소재로 뿐만 아니라 심순환계 질환의 예방과 골 대사 개선용 기능성식품 소재로의 활용도 가능할 것으로 보인다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2024

Objectives : Obesity is an imbalance between energy intake and consumption due to overeating and lack of exercise, and if it persists, it increases non-infectious diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. In this study, we tried to investigate the possibility of using Chamaeneron angustifolia (CA) as a material for anti-obesity by confirming the effect of inhibiting lipid differentiation. Methods : We measured the effects of CA extract on oil-red-o staining, cell cytotoxicity evaluation activity using 3T3-L1 cells. Additionally, we assessed fat decomposition and metabolism-related protein expression through Western blot analysis. Results : In this study, the anti-obesity effects of CA extract were experimentally assessed. Results showed significant inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and accumulation at concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mg/ml of oil-red-o staining, with reductions of 80% or more. CA notably increased the phosphorylation of AMPK protein expression compared to the control group across all concentrations. Additionally, phosphorylation of ACC significantly increased at a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml compared to the control. PPAR-γ, which regulates adipogenesis, exhibited a significant decrease compared to the control, while protein expression of CPT-1, involved in fatty acid oxidation, showed a concentration-dependent increase across all groups. Therefore, CA extract demonstrates potential as a functional material for anti-obesity by increasing the expression of proteins related to fat decomposition and synthesis while decreasing others. Conclusions : These results suggest that CA may also be useful as an anti-obesity functional substance.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.370-374
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• 2016

Background: Many menopausal women suffer from health problems including metabolic diseases such as dyslipidemia and osteoporosis. Thus they need natural products and functional foods particularly highly nutritional food products, that can help alleviate these diseases. This study was carried out to determine the effect of Drynariae Rhizoma water extract on the lipid and bone metabolism of ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods and Results: The animals were randomly divided into six dietary groups comprising SHAM-operated rats, OVX rats (normal diet), and OVX-DR rats (Drynariae Rhizoma extract). After 8 weeks, plasma, liver, and fat samples were collected to analyze the lipid metabolism, plasma Ca, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide (CTx) concentrations, which are biochemical makers of bone metabolism. The left femurs of rats were also collected for histological analyses. OVX counteracted menopause induced body weight gain, as well as increases in triglycerides, total cholesterol, and free fatty acids. The Drynariae Rhizoma group showed low levels of triglycerides, high HDL-cholesterol, and decreased lipogenesis based on activity of the lipid-regulating enzymes (fatty acid synthase and malic enzyme). Decreased serum levels of ALP and osteocalcin were observed in Drynariae Rhizoma group. Conclusions: The results of this study show that Drynariae Rhizoma extract may effectively regulate hyperlipidemia and improve bone density.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1979

Cholecalciferol은 피하에서 자외선과 체온의 작용을 받아 7-dehydrocholesterol로부터 Previtamin D를 거쳐 합성이 되며 이어서 간에 빨리 축적, 25 hydroxylation을 거치게 되고 신장에서 가장 활성을 띤 형태인 $1.25-(OH)_{2}CC$로 변하게 된다. 한편 신장에서는 체내의 Ca, P이 정상으로 존재하게 되면 1-hydroxylation이 억제되는 대신 24-hydroxylation이 일어나 또 다른 active form인 $24,\;25-(OH)_{2}CC$가 되는데 24-hydroxylation의 역활이 무엇인가에 대해서는 아직 구체적으로 밝혀지지 않았다. $24,\;25-(OH)_{2}CC$나 $1.25-(OH)_{2}CC$는 모두 공통적으로 또 다른 active form인 $1.24,\;25-(OH)_{3}CC$를 형성할 수도 있다. 그중 $1.25-(OH)_{2}CC$는 Steroid H.으로 일컬어지기도 하는 Vit. D metabolite중에서 가장 활성을 가진 형태이며 표적기관으로 크게 소장, 뼈, 신장을 들 수 있다. 소장에서의 역활은 무엇보다도 Ca흡수에 관련되는 것으로 소장에서의 Ca흡수와 Ca BP합성에 관여한다. 골격 형성과 뼈의 mineralization에 관여하는 Vit. D metabolite를의 효과에 관해서는 아직까지 일관성있는 보고가 없다. 한편 $1.25-(OH)_{2}CC$는 side chain oxidation을 거쳐 $CO_{2}$와 미지의 물질을 생성하는데 이 mechanism이 어떤 의미를 갖는지는 분명치 않다. 그밖에 또 다른 표적기관으로서 최근 타액선의 존재가 알려졌으며 Vit. D가 배설되는 경로에 대해서는 새로운 바가 없다. Vit. D가 담즙을 통해서 우선적으로 배설되고 소량이 뇨를 통해 배설되는데 metabolite들의 배설경로는 더욱 규명되어야 할 과제이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.32-39
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• 1997

This study was desiged to investigate the effects of calcium supplementation on the metabolism of sodium and potassium and blood pressure in seven healthy college women, aged from 19 to 21 years old. For this purpose, metabolic studies were conducted for two weeks. During the first week, the subjects ate experimental diet of which nutrients composition was similar to their usual intake. And during the consecutive second week, they ate the same experimental diet supplemented with 500mg or calcium daily. The results were summarized as follows : 1) Urinary excretion of sodium was significantly increased(p<0.05), but fecal excretion and retention of it was not affected by supplementary intake of calcium. 2) Potassium balance was not changed after additional intake of calcium. 3) Serum sodium and potassium level decreased significantly(p<0.05), but aldosterone and renin levels in serum were not changed by additional intake of calcium. 4) Systolic blood pressure(SBP) was not affected, but diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was significantly decreased (p<0.05) by supplementation of calcium. The above results showed that daily supplementary intake of calcium can be effective to decrease diastolic blood pressure through inducing the change of sodium metabolism in young women eating usual Korean diets.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 1994

This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary protein and caffeine consumption levels on Ca, P, Na and K metabolism. One hundred twenty rats were divided into twelve groups according to age, protein level and caffeine consumption such as group(120-130g young rat, 250-300g adult rat) , dietary protein group (20% normal protein , 85 low protein) , caffeine consumption group(0, 3.5mg, 7.0mg). Low protein diet containing high caffeine levels caffeine levels increased calcium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium contents of urine and fecal in rats. Young rat has higher level of calcium, phosphorus , sodium and potassium than adult rat. In the serum, calcium contents were not affected by age, dietary protein levels and caffeine consumption . However, phosphorus, sodium and potassium contents of serum in adult rat were higher than young rat. In the liver, potassium decreased with decreasing dietary protein levels. In the kidney, calcium , phosphorus and potassium contents were not different by age group, dietary protein levels and caffeine consumption , but sodium content was significantly reduced in the adult rat.

• Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology : HEB
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.835-845
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• 2018

We studied the role of ethylene control in regulating energy metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activity, and vase life of cut rose Rosa hybrida 'Carola'. Rose flowers at stage II were sprayed with one of the following solutions: water (control), $10{\mu}L\;L^{-1}$ 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), or $0.5g\;L^{-1}$ 2-chloroethanephosphonic acid (ethephon). After harvest, ethylene production rate, respiration intensity, energy charge (EC), activities of energy metabolism-related and antioxidant enzymes, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured. Results showed that 1-MCP enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, $H^+$-adenosine triphosphatase, $Ca^{2+}$-adenosine triphosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase, and cytochrome c oxidase, increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, maintained high EC levels, inhibited respiration intensity, reduced peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and MDA accumulation, and prolonged vase life. Ethephon promoted ethylene production and respiration intensity, increased POD and PPO activity, reduced ATP content and EC levels, and accelerated senescence. Our results support a novel role for ethylene control in regulating senescence of 'Carola'.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2014

본 연구는 성장기 흰쥐에서 저 적정 고수준의 칼슘과 비타민 D의 첨가식이가 흰쥐의 지질대사에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 검토하고자 하였다. 56마리의 5주령 된 수컷 흰쥐에게 대조군 (CON; 0.5% Ca, 1,000 IU VD)을 포함하여 식이중의 칼슘의 수준에 따라 저칼슘군 (LC; 0.25%), 고칼슘군 (HC; 1%)으로 설정하였다. 그리고 칼슘 수준에 따라 vitamin D를 저비타민 D군 (LD; 10 IU), 적정비타민 D군 (ND; 1,000 IU), 고비타민 D군 (HD; 5,000 IU)으로 나누어 실험식이를 5주간 급여하였다. 1) 체중 증가량은 HC군이 LC군 보다 유의하게 낮았으나 (p < 0.05), 비타민 D의 수준에 따라서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 2) 체내 복부지방, 내장지방, 부고환지방의 무게와 렙틴의 농도는 HC군이 LC군보다 유의하게 낮았다 (p < 0.01). 3) 25(OH)D의 농도는 비타민 D의 섭취수준이 증가할수록 유의하게 높아졌다 (p < 0.01). 부갑상선호르몬 농도는 실험군간 비교에서 LCLD군에서 가장 높았다 (p < 0.05). 4) 혈중 TG, T-C, HDL-C, LDL-C 농도는 HC군이 LC군에 비해 유의하게 낮았으며 (p < 0.01), HDL-C 농도의 경우 LCHD군에서 유의하게 높았다 (p < 0.05). 5) 여러 가지 지표간의 상관성을 분석한 결과 칼슘의 섭취와 혈중 지질성분, 체내 복부, 내장, 부고환지방무게가 모두 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였다 (p < 0.01). 또한 비타민 D 섭취와 혈중 HDL-C농도가 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다 (p < 0.05). 혈중 부갑상선호르몬 농도와 혈중 TG농도, 체내 부고환지방과는 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다 (p < 0.01, p < 0.05). 혈중 leptin 농도와 혈중 T-C, TG농도, 체내 복부, 내장, 부고환 지방 무게는 모두 양의 상관관계를 보였다 (p < 0.01). 이상과 같은 결과로 볼 때 성장기 흰 쥐의 지질대사에서 낮은 수준의 칼슘 섭취는 체중증가량의 폭을 높임과 동시에 혈중 지질의 증가에 영향을 미치며 뿐만 아니라 체내 지방축적을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 낮은 수준의 칼슘섭취 시 비타민 D 섭취에 의한 지질대사는 HDL-C 농도를 높이는 효과를 나타냈다. 그러므로 체내 지질 대사를 개선하기 위해서는 적정량의 칼슘의 섭취뿐만 아니라 비타민 D 섭취와의 관계를 반드시 고려하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.147-150
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• 2000

Melatonin plasma in Swallows exhibited circadian rhythmical secretions in the LD (Light and dark, 12：12) period with and without feeding. But their average difference between at CT6 (Circadian Time) and CT18 was 3.53 ng/$\textrm{m}{\ell}$ in LD period with feeding. on the other side 1.60 ng/$m\ell$ during without feeding. Melatonin concentration at CT6 without feeding incresed from 0.22 ng/$\textrm{m}{\ell}$ to 0.93 ng/$\textrm{m}{\ell}$. It is demonstrated that decresing melatonin secretion may reduce digestive function in order to ready for the migration. While the birds with feeding exhibited circadian rhythmical activity, their activity without feeding was durable. The concentrations of melatonin plasma by refeeding were 1.53 ng/$\textrm{m}{\ell}$ at CT6 and 6.07 ng/$\textrm{m}{\ell}$ at CT18. Melatonin plasma concentration in the night increased by more than ca. quadruple at day. This results suggest that melatonin regulates metabolism for the return to the normal metabolism condition after migration. After 3 days refeeding melatonin was secreted circadian rhythmically same as the secretions with feeding at beginning.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.1103-1109
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• 2003

An adaptive bone remodeling is simulated by using the cellular automata (CA) method. It is assumed that bone tissue consist of bone marrow, osteoclast, osteoblast cell or osteoprogenitor cell. Two types of local rule are adopted; those are the metabolism rule and adaptive bone formation rule. The metabolism rule is based on the interactions of cells and the bone formation rule is based on the adaptation against the mechanical stimulus. The history of load and memory of mechanical stimulus are also considered in the local rules. As a result, the pattern of distribution of the bone tissue is dynamically adequate and it is similar to intact cancellous bone.