• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.201-206
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• 2020

A SiOxCy(-H) thin film was synthesized by atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge(APDBD), and a SiO₂-like layer was formed on the surface of the film by oxidation treatment using oxygen plasma. Hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane was used as a precursor for the SiOxCy(-H) synthesis, and He gas was used for stabilizing APDBD. Oxygen permeability was evaluated by forming an oxidized SiOxCy(-H) thin film on a PET film. When the single-layer oxidized SiOxCy(-H) film was coated on the PET, the oxygen gas permeability decreased by 46% compared with bare PET. In case of three-layer oxidized SiOxCy(-H) film, the oxygen gas permeability decreased by 73%. The oxygen permeability was affected by the thickness of the SiO₂-like layer formed by oxidation treatment rather than the thickness of the SiOxCy(-H) film. The excellent corrosion resistance was demonstrated by coating an oxidized SiOxCy(-H) thin film on the silver-coated aluminum PCB for light emitting diode (LED).

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2013

A bacterium, isolated from a vegetable field in a plastic film house and named strain CY6 was capable of biodegrading chlorpyrifos (CP). Based on the phenotypic features and the phylogenetic similarity of 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain CY6 was identified as a Naxibacter sp.. CP was utilized as the sole source of carbon and phosphorus by Naxibacter sp. CY6. We examined the role of this Naxibacter sp. in the degradation of other OP insecticides under liquid cultures. Parathion, methyl parathion, diazinon, cadusafos, and ethoprop could also be degraded by Naxibacter sp. CY6 when they are provided as the sole sources of carbon and phosphorus. Additionally, Naxibacter sp. CY6 ($10^8$ CFU/g) added to soil with CP (100 mg/kg) resulted in a higher degradation rate of approximately 90% than the rate obtained from uninoculated soils. These results highlight the potential of this bacterium to be used in the cleanup of contaminated pesticide soil.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 2011

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth characteristics of creeping bentgrass cultivars for fairway of golf course at Yeoju area in Korea. At germination and coverage rate of creeping bentgrass, 'Shark' and 'CY-2' were excellent, 'L-93', 'Alpha', 'T-1 was in order', respectively. Visual qualities of 'Shark' and 'CY-2' also were excellent. Especially, 'Shark', 'T-1', and 'CY-2' showed excellent visual quality in summer days, the critical times for the bentgrass fairway quality. 'Shark', 'CY-2' and 'T-1' were excellent in Chlorophyll contents throughout the evaluation period. Chlorophyll content of 'T-1' was maintained very high in summer. 'CY-2' and 'Shark' showed the best root growth at the beginning of the study and contained longer and hairy roots. Which might make these two cultivars' water absorption easier than other's. NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index)of 'Shark', 'L-93' and 'CY-2' was excellent, respectively. 'T-1' showed the highest density and 'Shark', 'CY-2', 'Alpha', 'L-93' was followed by. The density of 'T-1' was rather increased in summer season, while those of other cultivars were decreased. Three diseases such as anthracnose, brown patch, and dollar spot, were appeared during the evaluation period. 'T-1' and 'L-93' were very sensitive to anthracnose which occurred at the beginning days of the study. The most susceptible cultivars to brown patch were 'Alpha' and 'L-93'. 'T-1' was the least resistant to dollar spot which occurred at the same time with brown patch.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.320-320
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• 1994

Carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide(Ge-132)를 투여용량(300,600, 900mg/kg)과 투여일을 변화시켜 정상마우스와 cyclophosphamide(CY)로 처리한 마우스에 경구투여한 후, Ge-132가 CY 에 의해 변화된 마우스의 면역기능에 미치는 효과를 실험하였다. SRBC 항원 주사전, 동시 또는 후에 Ge-132를 투여시 SRBC에 대한 적혈구 응집소가와 비장세포의 용혈반 형성세포(PFC)수가 항원 주사일과 관계없이 용량의존적으로 증가되어 체액성 면역반응을 강화시켰으며, 마크로파지의 탐식능도 항진시켰다. 그러나 DNFB에 대한 접촉성 지연형 과민반응은 DNFB 감작일과 투여용량에 관계없이 Ge-132투여로 억제되었다. CY를 투여한 마우스에 Ge-132를 병용 투여한 군이 CY 단독 투여군에 비하여 적혈구 응집소가와 PFC수 및 혈중 탄소입자의 제거율이 현저하게 증가되어, CY로 억제된 체액성 면역반응과 마크로파지의 탐식능이 항진된 것으로 나타났다. DNFB 감작 전 CY 투여로 증폭된 접촉성 지연형 과민반응이 Ge-132 병용투여로 감소되어 CY로 유도된 면역독성 반응에 대한 Ge-132의 저지효과를 시사해 주었다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.273-280
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• 1989

The spectra of the $Co^{II}CyDTA$(CyDTA: cyclohexyldiaminetetraacetic acid) complex have been measured in aqueous solution of pH = 6-13.2. The red shift of the spectrum in the more basic solution was ascribed to the transformation of $CoCyDTA^{2-}$ into $CoCyDTA(OH)^{3-}$. The equilibrium constant, $K_{OH} = [CoCyDTA(OH)^{3-}]/[CoCyDTA^{2-}][OH^-]$ was $75M^{-1}$ at $40^{\circ}C$. The electron transfer reactions of $CoCyDTA^{2-}$ and $CoCyDTA(OH)^{3-}$ with $Fe(CN)_6^{3-}$ have been studied using spectrophotometric technique in the range of pH applied to the determination of equilibrium constant. The pseudo first-order rate constants observed ($k_{obs}$) were not changed upto pH = 10.8, but increased with increasing pH in the range of pH = $10.8{\sim}13.0$. The rate law reduced in the range of pH = 6-13 was $k_{obs} = (k_3[CoCyDTA^{2-}] + k_4[CoCyDTA(OH)^{3-}])/(1+K_1[CoCyDTA^{2-}])$. The rate constants of the reactions (3a) and (3b), $k_3$ and $k_4$ respectively have been determined to be 0.529 and $4.500M^{-1}sec^{-1}$ at $40^{\circ}C$. The activation entropies (147{\pm}1.1JK^{-1} mol^{-1}$ at pH = 10.8) and activation volumes $(6.25cm^3mol^{-1}, pH = 10.8)$ increased with increasing pH, while the activation enthalpy (12.44 ${\pm}$ 0.20 kcal/mole) was independent of pH. Using the pH effect on the rate constants, the activation entropies and the activation volumes, the mechanism of the electron transfer reaction for $Co^{II}-Fe^{III}$ system was discussed.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.191-197
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• 2013

Two medium-leaf ecotypes (CY6069, CY6097) belonging to one species (Zoysia japonica) of Korean lawngrasses were selected in sod production fields in Jang Seong, Korea. They were reported to have distinct morphological and growth rate characteristics different from the preferred medium-leaf type zoysiagrass in Korea. This study was conducted to define further the genotypic difference at the molecular level and to develop DNA marker based on the specific DNA fragment. Polymorphic DNA fragments were first explored by using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, which were then converted into PCR-based sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. The CY6069-specific primer set amplified about 550 bp successfully, while the CY6097 marker produced the expected 690 bp band, by which those markers were nominated by CY6069_550 and CY6069_690 SCARs, respectively. Together with the reported morphological and other phenotypic features, the SCAR markers confirmed in this study will be useful to identify those medium-leaf zoysiagrass genotypes when they are cultivated with other vegetatively propagated warm-season turfgrasses in sod farms.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.2016-2022
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• 2013

Ionically modified ${\beta}$-cyclodextrins, which have excellent water-solubility, have been interested in purification technology as well as drug carrier system. The present study summarizes the synthesis and characterization of cationic and anionic ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin (${\beta}$-CyD) products using by polycondensation. The oligo (${\beta}$-CyD)s are synthesized from ${\beta}$-CyD, epichlorohydrin (EP) and choline chloride (CC; for cationic polymer) or chloroacetic acid (CAA; for anionic polymer) through one step polycondenstaion process. Unlike the previous studies, we successfully purified the ionic ${\beta}$-CyD condensation products from the ${\beta}$-CyD reaction mixtures and accomplished a great level of structural analysis. The detailed structural analysis of these ionic ${\beta}$-CyD compounds is done by $^1H$ NMR, MALDI-TOF as well as GPC analysis and confirms the formation of oligomers with a few units of ${\beta}$-CyD. We found that the sequence of reactant addition also could effect on the molecular weight of the resulting product as well as the molar ratio of the reactants. Finally, we used the cationic and anionic ${\beta}$-CyD oligomers for fabricating multilayer films by layer-layer process.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.10-22
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• 1983

The interactions of ${\alpha}-cyclodextrin({\alpha}-CyD)$ and ${\beta}-cyclodextrin({\beta}-CyD)$ with several non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs were studied on the effects of ${\alpha}-$ and ${\beta}-CyD$ on the solubility of the drugs in aqueous medium. Indoprofen, niflumic acid, alclofenac, and naproxen were chosen as representatives of antiinflammatory drugs. The solubility of all drugs studied increased with the addition of ${\beta}-CyD$, while not with glucose or ${\alpha}-CyD$. The increase of the solubility with ${\beta}-CyD$ was considered due mainly to the formation of inclusion complexes between ${\beta}-CyD$ and drugs. From the solubility data, the apparent stability constants K of the complex could be calculated. Ultraviolet absorption and circular dichroism confirmed the inclusion of indoprofen, niflumic acid and naproxen with ${\beta}-CyD$ in the molar ratio of 1 : 1. Inclusion complexes in solid powder form were obtained by the freeze-drying method and the inclusion formation was confirmed again by infrared, diffential thermal analysis, and X-ray diffraction measurements.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.194-200
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• 2001

Phellinus linteus (PL)-hot water extract (PL-W) or- methanol extract (PL-M) was orally administered alone (single dose of 400, 800, 1600 mg/kg; 800 mg/kg/day for 5 days) or with cyclophosphamide (CY, 20 mg/kg, i.p.) to female ICR mice. Within PL alone-treated group, WBC and plaque forming cells (PFC) to SRBC were slightly and significantly enhanced when compared with control group. The relative thymus and spleen weights, WBC and PFC numbers were significantly decreased by the treatment of CY, whereas those values were markedly increased by the concomitant treatment of CY and PL when compared with CY administration alone. To assess the effects of PL and/or CY on the mitogen response of splenocytes io LPS, mouse splenocytes were stimulated with or without LPS in the presence of various concentration of PL and/or CY in vitro and splenocytes proliferation (SP) was measured by MTT assay. PL alone increased both SP and LPS- stimulated SP. Moreover, SP and LPS-induced SP suppressed by the treatment of CY alone were significantly restored by PL-treatment. These activities were higher by PL-M than by PL-W, These results indicated that PL was able to increase humoral immunity and to inhibit immunotoxicity induced by CY.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.383-388
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• 2018

Goldfish hematopoietic necrosis (GHN) affects hematopoietic organs and causes high mortality in goldfish. The causative agent of GHN is cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2). The purpose of this study was to detect CyHV-2 in ornamental cyprinid fish. CyHV-2 monitoring was conducted on a monthly basis for 1 year using goldfish Carassius auratus and pearlscale goldfish Carassius auratus that had been cultured at a domestic aquafarm and imported from Singapore, respectively. The results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays using specific primers for the CyHV-2 helicase gene showed that 27.8% of goldfish and 33.3% of pearlscale goldfish were positive for CyHV-2. No cytophatic effects were detected in koi fin or common carp brain cells inoculated with tissue homogenates from either fish. Our data provides the useful data for establishing future quarantine and disinfection policies.