• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.269-276
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• 2023

최근 다양한 외부 요인에 의해 민감해진 피부를 진정시키기 위해 더욱 안전하고 효과적인 진정 소재 개발에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 항염 효능으로 잘 알려진 마치현 추출물을 기반으로 애엽, 홍경천 추출물을 혼합함으로써 COMPAREX를 제조하고, 피부 진정 효능에 미치는 영향을 마치현 단일 추출물과 비교하였다. 실험 결과, COMPAREX는 마치현 추출물 보다 LPS에 의해 유도된 NO 생성을 더욱 억제시키고, 염증성 인자인 iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-6의 발현을 현저히 억제시킴으로써 염증완화 효능이 더 효과적인 것을 확인하였다. 또한, COMPAREX는 마치현 추출물 보다 SDS 자극에 대해 IL-1α의 유전자 및 단백질 발현을 더욱 억제시킴으로써 진정 효능이 더 효과적인 것을 확인하였다. 추가적으로, 모발세포에서 COMPAREX는 PM_2.5에 의해 증가된 COX-2, IL-8의 발현을 억제시켜 두피 염증 완화 효능이 있으며, carbonylated protein을 저해시킴으로써 외부 자극으로부터 손상된 두피를 보호할 수 있는 효능을 확인하였다. 따라서, COMPAREX는 마치현 단일 추출물 보다 개선된 천연 진정 소재로의 활용 가능성을 보였고, 향후 더마 코스메틱 소재로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.13-30
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• 2004

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Kangwhal-Sokdan tang(KS) on osteoblast function and gene expression. The osteoblast separated from the murine calvariae and MG-63 cell were cultivated to evaluate the cell function and gene expression. The results were summarized as followes. 1) KS increased cell proliferation of murine calvarial cell. 2) KS increased protein synthesis, collagen synthesis and ALP activity of murine calvarial cell. 3) KS increased the survival rate of murine calvarial cell. 4) KS increased the expression of calcitonin receptor and PTH receptor. 5) KS increased the expression of PKA and PKC. 6) KS decreased the expression of $PLA_2$, COX, $PGE_2$ synthase, but increased prostacyclin synthase. 7) KS increased the expression of collagen(type IV) gene. It is concluded that KS might improve the osteoporosis resulted from augumentation of osteoblast proliferation and gene expression.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.303-307
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• 2006

Effect of Oenanthe javanica ethanol extract (OJE) on nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$)-mediated inflammatory reaction in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells was investigated. The OJE dose-dependently inhibited secretions of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) and prostaglandins $E_2\;(PGE_2)$ from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and blocked LPS-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2. To clarify mechanistic basis for its inhibitions of NF-${\kappa}B$ and activator protein-1 (AP-1) activations, effects of OJE on activations of NF-${\kappa}B$ and AP-1 genes by luciferase reporter activity were examined. The LPS-stimulated activations of NF-${\kappa}B$ and AP-1 were significantly blocked by 400 and $600\;{\mu$}g/mL of OJE, implicating that OJE might regulate gene expression through more than one signaling pathway. Cytosolic degradation of I-${\kappa}B{\alpha}$ was inhibited by OJE dose-dependently, indicating that the nuclear translocation of p65 was inhibited by OJE. These findings suggest that the inhibition of LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression by OJE is due to its inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ activation by blocking I-${\kappa}B{\alpha}$ degradation, which may be mechanistic basis of anti-inflammatory effects of OJE.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.91-101
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• 2008

Objectives: In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of Ampelopsis Radix methanol(AR-M) extract on allergic inflammation in activated human mast cells and its potential therapeutic or toxic effects. Methods: Ampelopsis Radix(AR) was extracted with 80% methanol. HMC-1 cells, a human mast cell line, were treated with different concentrations of AR-M extract, and then stimulated with PMA plus A23187. The cell toxicity of AR-M extract was determined by MTT assay. The concentrations of $PGE_2$ and cytokines were measured by ELISA. The gene expression of COX-2 and its protein levels were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot. The phosphorylation of ERK MAPK and the NF-${\kappa}B$ activation were determined by Western blot. Results: AR-M extract was significantly inhibited the production of PGE2 and inflammatory cytokines(TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 and IL-8) in PMA/A23187-stimulated HMC-1 cells. AR-M extract also attenuated the mRNA expression of COX-2 and its protein induction. Furthermore, AR-M extract attenuated PMA/A23187-induced phophorylation of ERK1/2 MAPK and the NF-${\kappa}B$ p65 subunit translocation into nuclear of HMC-1 cells. AR-M extract significantly decreased PMN A23187-induced release of histamine in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: These results indicate that Ampelopsis Radix shows the property of anti-allergic inflammation In vitro through suppressing the production of inflammatory mediators released from mast cells, suggesting have a potential for the treatment of allergic diseases.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.619-625
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• 2020

Human hookworm infections caused by adult Ancylostoma spp. and Necator americanus are one of the most important tropical diseases. We performed a survey of intestinal helminths using the Kato-Katz fecal examination technique targeting 1,156 villagers residing in 2 northern provinces (Preah Vihear and Stung Treng) of Cambodia in 2018. The results revealed a high overall egg positive rate of intestinal helminths (61.9%), and the egg positive rate of hookworms was 11.6%. Nine of the hookworm egg positive cases in Preah Vihear Province were treated with 5-10 mg/kg pyrantel pamoate followed by purging with magnesium salts, and a total of 65 adult hookworms were expelled in diarrheic stools. The adult hookworms were analyzed morphologically and molecularly to confirm the species. The morphologies of the buccal cavity and dorsal rays on the costa were observed with a light microscope, and the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene were analyzed. The majority of the hookworm adults (90.7%) were N. americanus, whereas the remaining 9.3% were Ancylostoma ceylanicum, a rare hookworm species infecting humans. The results revealed a high prevalence of hookworm infections among people in a northern part of Cambodia, suggesting the necessity of a sustained survey combined with control measures against hookworm infections.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.1351-1359
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• 2013

${\beta}$-Ionone의 인체 비소폐암세포 A-549 cells (human non-small lung cancer A-549 cell)에 대한 anti-proliferative effect에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. A-549 cell에 다양한 농도의 ${\beta}$-ionone (1, 5, 10, and 15 ${\mu}M$)을 2, 4, 6일 간 처리하고, 배양 2일에 A-549 cell의 생육억제와 관련되는 biochemical marker를 측정하였다. ${\beta}$-Ionone은 A-549 cell 생육을 dose와 time 의존적으로 저해하였다. ${\beta}$-Ionone 배양 2일의 $IC_{50}$은 5.0 ${\mu}g/ml$이었다. ${\beta}$-Ionone은 농도 의존적으로 apoptosis를 유도하였다. ${\beta}$-Ionone은 p53, p21 및 Bax protein 수준을 증가시켰으나, Bcl-2 protein 발현은 억제시켰다. ${\beta}$-ionone은 cytosol cytochrome c 함량을 증가시켰고, caspase-9과 caspase-3 효소 활성증가를 유도하였다. 또한, ${\beta}$-ionone은 $cPLA_2$와 COX-2 protein level을 감소시켰다. 이와 같은 결과는 ${\beta}$-ionone의 A-549 cell에 대한 생육억제효과는 Bax와 Bcl-2 gene 발현을 reciprocal regulation하여 유도한 apoptosis와 $cPLA_2$ 및 COX-2 protein 발현 억제에 기인함을 의미한다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.843-850
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 전통주 제조시 부산물로 생산되는 주박과 누룩으로부터 추출물과 유기용매 분획물을 총 85종을 제조하고, 이들에 의한 항염증 활성을 연구하였다. 85종의 분획물 중 선별한 세 가지의 분획물(KSD-E1-3, KSD-E2-3, KSD-E4-3)에 의해서 LPS에 의해 염증이 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포주에서 nitric oxide 생산이 현저히 감소됨을 확인하였다. 또한, 세가지 분획물에 의해 염증유발 유전자인 COX-2, TNF-alpha, 그리고 iNOS 유전자의 발현이 감소되었다. 세 가지 분획물 중 KSD-E4-3에 의한 항염증 활성의 작용기전을 이해하기 위하여 oligo DNA microarray를 수행하였다. 마이크로어레이 결과 발현이 감소된 유전자 중 염증과 관련된 유전자 6개(IL-1F6, iNOS, IL-10, Fabp4, IL-1RN, CSF2)를 선택하여, RT-PCR과 정량적 real-time PCR을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 모든 유전자의 발현이 감소됨을 확인하였다. 결론적으로, 이러한 연구결과는 전통주 주박이 항염증 활성을 가지고 있는 식품이나 약품을 개발하는데 필요한 새로운 자원으로서 활용 가능함을 시사하는 것이다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.425-428
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• 2017

Human diphyllobothriasis is a parasitic disease caused by ingestion of larvae (plerocercoids) in raw or undercooked fish and commonly found in temperate areas. Rare cases were reported in tropical or subtropical areas especially in children. The first documented case of pediatric diphyllobothriasis in Taiwan had been reported 11 years ago. Here, we report another 8-year-old girl case who presented with a live noodle-like worm hanging down from her anus, with no other detectable symptoms. We pulled the worm out and found the strobila being 260 cm in length. Examination of gravid proglottids showed that they were wider than their lengths, containing an ovoid cirrus sac in the anterior side and the rosette-shaped uterus. Eggs extracted from the uterus were ovoid and operculated. Diphyllobothrium latum was confirmed by molecular analysis of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene. The girl was treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel, and no eggs or proglottids were observed from her stool in the subsequent 3 months. The reemergence of human diphyllobothriasis in non-endemic countries is probably due to prevalent habit of eating imported raw fish from endemic areas. This pediatric case raised our concern that human diphyllobothriasis is likely underestimated because of unremarkable symptoms.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2017

Objectives : The various grape extracts derived from grape pulp, seed and skin, containing various types of polyphenols and flavonoids, have been known to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and improve cardiovascular condition as well as sun's damaging effects. However, there have been rare reports of various beneficial effects of grape fruit stem extract (GFSE), one of the waste products of grapes. We investigated anti-inflammatory and melanogenesis inhibitory effects of GFSE. Methods : One-hundred gram of grape fruit stem was extracted with 80% ethanol at room temperature for 3 days. After filtration, the ethanol was removed using vacuum evaporator, then lyophilized to obtain the dry extract which was stored at $-20^{\circ}C$ until used. NO levels were measured by using Greiss reagent. Prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) production was measured by ELISA assay. The expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, TRP-1 and TRP-2 were evaluated by western blot analysis. Results : GFSE reduced the level of nitric oxide and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) production in a dose-dependent manner, compared to control. Expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein were also effectively inhibited by the GFSE. In a tyrosinase inhibitory activity, GFSE significantly reduced the tyrosinase activity and melanin content in a dose dependent manner, compared to control. GFSE also decreased the expression of tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1) and tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2), known as a melanocyte-specific gene product involved in melanin synthesis. Conclusions : Therefore, these results indicated that GFSE had powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-melanogenic effects.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.189-195
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• 2007

Although the incidence and severity of atopic dermatitis (AD) is steadily increasing at an alarming rate, its pathogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood yet. Recently, we found that the expression of Grb7 protein was markedly decreased in AD patients using proteomic analysis. In the present study, human Grb7 gene was fused with PEP-1 peptide in a bacterial expression vector to produce a genetic in-frame PEP-1-Grb7 fusion protein. The expressed and purified PEP-1-Grb7 fusion proteins transduced efficiently into skin cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner when added exogenously in culture media. Once inside the cells, the transduced PEP-1-Grb7 protein was stable for 48 h. In addition, transduced PEP-1-Grb7 fusion protein markedly increased cell viability in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS by inhibition of the COX-2 expression level. These results suggest that the PEP-1-Grb7 fusion protein can be used in protein therapy for inflammatory skin disorders, including AD.