• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.155-166
• /
• 2011

The leaf beetle, $Chrysolina$ $aurichalcea$ (Coleoptera: Chysomelidae), is a pest damaging plants of Compositae. In order to understand the genetic diversity and geographic variation we sequenced a portion of mitochondrial COI gene (658 bp) and complete nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of the species collected from seven Korean localities. A total of 17 haplotypes (CACOI01~CACOI17), with the maximum sequence divergence of 3.04% (20 bp) were obtained from COI gene sequence, whereas 16 sequence types (ITS2CA01~ITS2CA16), with the maximum sequence divergence of 2.013% (9 bp) were obtained from ITS2, indicating substantially larger sequence divergence in COI gene sequence. Phylogenetically, the COI gene provided two haplotype groups with a high nodal support (${\geq}87%$), whereas ITS2 provided only one sequence type group with a high nodal support (${\geq}92%$). The result of COI gene sequence may suggest the presence of historical biogeographic barriers that bolstered genetic subdivision in the species. Different grouping pattern between COI gene and ITS2 sequences were interpreted in terms of recent dispersal, reflected in the ITS2 sequence. Finding of unique haplotypes and sequence types only from Beakryeng-Islet population was interpreted as an intact remnant of ancient polymorphism. As more samples are analyzed using further hyper-variable marker, further fruitful inference on the geographic contour of the species might be available.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.626-632
• /
• 2014

The genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship were investigated in Korean red spotted grouper populations using the nucleotide sequence polymorphisms of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The COI gene was sequenced showed 99.1-99.8% identity with the EF607565 sequence previously reported. A total of twenty haplotypes were found, and the Korean population showed nineteen haplotypes. Among those, Hap_03 and Hap_08 showed Jeju-do and China-specific COI sequences, respectively. However, Hap_07 had twelve COI sequences from South Korea and records from Hong Kong and Taiwan. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees constructed from the phylogenetic analyses based on the polymorphisms of the COI haplotypes showed a monophyletic branching pattern within the genus Epinephelus. This indicated that the red spotted grouper populations had evolved from common maternal ancestors. In addition, the Hap_08, which had the COI sequence recorded only from China Sea, was found in the middle of the NJ tree nearby Hap_07 and showed a close relationship with Hap_07. This indicates that Chinese red spotted grouper is also maternally related to other populations in East Asia. Consequently, East Asian red spotted grouper populations are maternally related, as well as sharing the same evolutionary history, and are still affected by the East Asian ocean current (Kuroshio). These findings help to explain the genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship of red spotted grouper and also contribute to research on artificial breeding and industrialization.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.37-53
• /
• 2001

Two regions of mtDNA genome, cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and 165 ribosomal RNA (165 rRNA) genes, were sequenced for 15 species of the long-horned beetle belonging to four subfamilies and geographic samples of mulberry longicorn beetle, Apriona germari, from two localities in Korea. Ten samples of A. germari collected from Suwon and Busan revealed three COI haplotypes ranging in nucleotide divergence of 0.3% to 0.5%, and the two populations shared one common COI haplotype (80%). The sequence divergence among 15 species of the long-horned beetle was much higher in COI gene (12.3%∼39.4%) than 16S rRNA gene (7.2% to 23.1), and the maximum value in the COI gene is exceptional compared with other relevant studies, including that of Coleoptera. The greatly increased divergence in the COI gene, in facto was stemmed from a peculiar sequence of Prionus insularis belonging to Prioninne, divergence of which ranges from 31.2% to 39.3% from other species. We discussed possible reason of the divergence in this species. Due to the abnormality of COI gene divergence, decrease in phylogenetic signal was severe in COI nucleotide and, subsequently, the converted amino acid sequences, rendering us to put more confidence on the 16S5 rRNA gene data. Although the molecular phylogeny confidently supports the monophyletic origin of Lepturinae, the presence of discrepancy between molecular data and traditional taxonomic views also is a testable hyothesis. One such discrepancy includes taxonomic position of Sophronica obrioides and Theophilea cylindricollis belonging to Lamiinae.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.273-279
• /
• 2020

We describe a newly recorded brittle star to South Korea, Amphiura (Amphiura) digitula (H.L. Clark, 1911), that was collected from Geoje Island, at a depth of 47 m. The species is characterized by a small disk, covered by numerous fine scales, small radial shields that are wider than long, a small stumpy hook at the distal end of the radial shield, two tooth papilla, two adoral shield spines, 2nd adoral shield spine longer than other, tapered dramatically toward dull tip, five arms with four proximal arm spines, and two tentacle scales. We also obtained a 657 bp sequence from COI gene and the amplified sequence matched the general DNA barcoding region. The NJ and ML phylogenetic analyses revealed A. (A.) digitula as monophyletic in the Amphiura clade. This species is clearly distinguished from other Amphiura species by morphological characteristics and the mitochondrial COI sequence, and thus represents the sixth Amphiura species reported to occur in Korea.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.131-135
• /
• 2017

Asteroid specimens of the genus Luidia were collected at a depth of 95-100 m in the Korea Strait by bottom trawling in April 2016. The specimens were identified as Luidia avicularia Fisher, 1913 (Luidiidae: Paxillosida) based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses, and the species is new to the Korean fauna. A 648-bp partial nucleotide sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (mt-COI) gene was obtained from Korea, and then was compared to sequences of related species stored in GenBank using molecular phylogenetic analyses. No sequence differences were detected between the L. avicularia mt-COI gene sequences from Korea and China, and the species described in this report was clearly distinct from L. maculata, which was previously reported in Korean fauna. Three Luidia species have been reported in Korea.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 2003

We investigated the sequence divergence of the geographic samples of the queen bumble bee (Bombus ardens) in Korea. A portion of mitochondrial COI gene sequences (423 bp) was analyzed for 44 individuals collected from seven localities. Sequence analysis resulted in four COI haplotypes with the maximum nucleotide divergence of only 0.5% (two bp). One haplotype (BA1) was dominant in all localities surveyed (86.4%). The finding of low sequence divergence and dominance of one haplotype appear to reflect, although limited, the life history of the B. ardens queens subjected to active dispersal and seasonal fluctuation in queen number.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.157-168
• /
• 2000

Sea urchin S. intermedius occurring in the Korean east coast is a cold water species that belongs to the family Strongylocentrotidae of Echinoidea. Although it is known that there are nine species in the family, species identification criteria, phylogenetic relationships, time and process of evolution of the family members have not been uncovered clearly. In the present study, I tried to find some clues to such problems for S. intermedius by means of DNA sequences. For this, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), one of the mitochondrial genes that evolve fast and follow maternal inheritance was analyzed. DNA was extracted from the female gonad of S. intermedius, a segment of COI gene amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and finally a total of 1077 base pair sequence of COI obtained by cloning and sequencing the PCR product. The sequence was compared with homologous genes of other sea urchins and echinoderm species. Phylogenetic trees of the COI gene segment revealed that S. intenedius is a sister species of S. purpuratus which lives along the east coast of the Paciflc. With reference to the fossil records of sea urchins and genetic distances in the molecular phylogenies, it is estimated that the two species were separated about 0.89 million years ago when the earth temperature fluctuated significantly. The current disjunct distribution patterns of the two species and the climate change of the earth at the time of separation suggest that speciation might have occurred by vicariance. The COI gene sequence obtained here now can be used as a molecular character which discerns S. intermedius from the other sea urchin species of Strongylocentrotidae.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
• /
• 2003.05a
• /
• pp.377-377
• /
• 2003

We investigated the biogeography of Asian Corbicula using mitochondrial gene sequence variation for Corbicula members sampled from 24 localities of 8 Asian regions. A total of 210 individuals were genetically characterized by examining sequence variations of a 614 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. Phylogenetic analyses of the COI dataset revealed that Corbicula members are subdivided into two well-supported clades: estuarine and freshwater. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.287-290
• /
• 2009

A natural hybrid between the striped spine loach Cobitis tetralineata and the king spine loach Iksookimia longicorpa was genetically identified by sequence analyses of nuclear recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) genes. Out of 850 base positions of RAG1, a total of 23 nucleotide substitutions were detected between the two parental species, whereas the electropherogram of the natural hybrid displayed double peaks at all of the 23 positions, which reflects their simple Mendelian inheritance pattern. Meanwhile, comparison of partial sequences of mitochondrial genes (COI in this study), which are well characterized by the maternal inheritance pattern, revealed that the maternal species of the hybrid was C. tetralineata because of their 100% sequence identity.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.365-370
• /
• 2012

The two closely related major leguminous crop pests in Korea, Matsumuraeses phaseoli and M. falcana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) have very similar morphological characters, which occasionally give rise to a failure in distinguishing between the two. In this study, we report an easy PCR-SSP method to distinguish between them, with a sequence specific primer set (P-SF2, F-SF3, and C-SR3) based on single nucleotide mismatch in 3' terminal base of a primer, which is found in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I DNA (mtCOI). Through application of this method, each species may be clearly identified in terms of its PCR band size and pattern, only one band (245 bp) for M. falcana and one (409 bp) or two bands (409 bp & 245 bp) for M. phaseoli.