• 패션비즈니스
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.11-26
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• 2010

This study was carried out using personal measurement for female college students who have a great interest in fashion at 20-24 age, and examined somatotype character. As a means of a character type test, the grades were laid by using MBTI which proved to be objective, and relativity between character types was laid by conducting correlation analysis. The conclusions which can be drawn from this study are as followed. 1. In 4 preference index, which was classified by MBTI, Sensing(S) type was the highest of 17.27% at the average and 68.5% at the distribution rate each. The average of Extraversion(E) type was 14.56% and it's distribution rate was 64.5%. Index of types were : Intuition(N) 12.49%, Introversion(I) 11.75%, Perceiving(P) 12.50%. Average distribution rate of each types were : N 31.5%, I 35.5%, P 40.3%. And average of Sensing(S) type was the lowest, 11.09%. Like American Students, the subjects of this study showed higher in the E type than in the I type. The distribution rate of 16 character types of MBTI were : ESTJ 18.5%, ESFP 13.7%, ISTJ and ESFJ 9.7%. But INTP and INFP were low, 2.4% and 0.8%. 2. Average sizes of subjects for this study were : height 160.49cm, weight 51.83kg, bust 83.22cm, waist 65.49cm, hips 90.70cm. As compared with measurement of women at 20-24 age of Size Korea(2004), the subjects of this study showed less, about 0.2-5cm in height, 0.2-2cm in circumference except in waist, and 0.5-3.6cm in length. 3. After examining the relativity between personal measurement categories of the subjects and character type through the MBTI, Extraversion(E) type showed inverse correlation in stature, height, biacromial breadth, and subcutaneous fat thickness of posterior iliospinale. Contrary to the E type, the Introversion(I) type showed positive correlation. Sensing(S) type showed inverse correlation only in biacromial breadth, Intuition(N) type showed positive correlation in most categories including height, width and the subcutaneous fat thickness. Thinking(T) type showed positive correlation in bust point-bust point, chest depth and hip width. Feeling(F) type, on the other hand, showed inverse correlation. The Judging(J) type showed inverse correlation in stature, height, length and the parts of chest. In contrast, Perceiving(P) type showed positive correlation in other categories including biacromial breadth, same as the J type.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.148-162
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze lower body types of women and provide information of body improvement of Korean adult female clothing product to ready-made clothes companies. As for the method of this study, it was conducted to measure the parts of the lower body of adult women at the age from 19 to 24 years, to analyze their characteristics and to categorize body types. For study, it was measured 150 female women in Seoul. Data was analyzed by used SPSS/WIN 19.0 Program. The results of this study are as follows. The means of the subjects in their early 20s are 159.8cm in height, 67.0cm in waist circumference, 91.6cm in hip and 52.0kg in weight. As a result of comparison with the $5^{th}$ Korean's human body size on measurement data, 20 items out of 33 items showed significant difference. Factor analysis was executed for 66 body measure and calculation items to draw the body construction factors of the women's lower body in their early 20s and principal component analysis was performed by orthogonal varimax rotation to clarify the measurement of factors and to derive explanatory factors. As result of Cluster analysis, body types' characteristics divide into 3 types. Type1 has tall and fat body form, type2 has shortest and curvy body form and type3 has average height and the most skinny body form.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2006

We studied relation between the clothing pressure applied by types of brassiere, postures, feeling of tightness. The main results were summerized as follows; 1. The research subjects of this study were 9 who rate of body fat was borderline and degree of fatness was normal. As a result of clothing pressure, the most prefered value was $36.86g/cm^2$ on sensor 2 in standing position and the next was $34.76g/cm^2$ on sitting position. Furthermore, The maximum value of sensor 2 was $59.08g/cm^2$ (in standing), $57.93g/cm^2$ (in sitting). On the other hand, The average clothing pressure of bra C type was $23.67g/cm^2$ 2. The study of feeling of tightness applied by bra type was high in order of C

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.923-934
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• 2002

The aim of this study is to suggest a Sizing System which has following points:- 1. In order to satisfy children of diverse figure shapes, we developed sizing system for three different figure type. Figure types are categorized into slim, normal, fat type based on the Rohrer Index. 2. For each figure types, we developed size chart using height bust circumference and hip circumference as basic measurements. The size codes are presented as the height-bust circumference or height-hip circumference. The size interval of height is 5cm for all figure types, such as 120,125,130 ‥‥ we developed a size allocation program, which is helpful when a customer doesn't know exact measurement of some body dimension. If a customer input measurements as much as he/she hows, the program allocates the nearest. At the end of the study, the sizing interaction sites were developed to present the results of the study clear.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2010

In this study, there should be a debation on the methods, such as considerations on the CM organization of skyscraper project for the client's side, process and impact factors need to be taken, and suggesting the evaluation and selection criteria, which may lead strategic decision-making by the client. Owner of the CM organizational decision to establish a variety of alternatives, the range of CM performance characteristics of the project, considering the weight and also by evaluating the effectiveness of appropriate alternative is selected. Domestic skyscraper project, decisions about the CM organization for 'S Tower' prior to the proposed decision and the criteria was applied. As a result, domestic CM/PM companies and overseas CM/PM companies were doing business as J/V, Supervision of the integration work order types showed the highest performance levels. when they ordered CM services. The project cost reduced and organizational improvements, the results of applying alternative way, improve on-site construction plans, sharing key technologies, process improvement plan could benefit from such expectations.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2018

Big breasted women often experience dissatisfaction with ready-made brassieres, that do not account for individual breast types nor provide adequate cup sizes. This study was conducted to provide basic information on common breast shape and measurements of Korean big-breasted women, and to facilitate development of big-breasted women's bras with excellent fit and comfort. The study analyzed direct upper body measurements of 178 women in their 20's whith cup size C or bigger in the 5th, 6th and 7th Size Korea. In addition, 3D body scan data of women with bra size 75 and cup size C were re-collected and their breast types were examined. Average under-bust circumference of big-breasted women was 75 size in brassiere size. The average stature was 159.78 cm and the body weight was 60.33kg, indicating "overweight". Also, it was revealed that common breast types of big-breasted women, were hemispheric and cone types. The study can facilitate better understanding of breast shapes and sizes of standard big-breasted women, and will be useful as reference in selection of subjects in future studies.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.31-53
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• 2008

This study is to suggest a brassiere pattern suitable to the Chinese woman by recognizing the differences among the brassiere patterns of Europe, America and Italy by comparison. Collected data was analyzed by using SPSS 12.0. 1. If seeing the length of the ordinary brassiere's wing in Korea, the mean is 31.02cm to be shorter than these 3 patterns. The length of a wing should be adjusted according to the degree of fabric's elasticity. 2. The ESMOD type shows a high angle of $60^{\circ}$ as the position of a shoulder strip is placed outward a lot compared with other patterns. 3. For the FIT and Marangoni types, the lengths of the inside and the external diameters show similarly to each other but the ESMOD type shows that its inside diameter is 7.5cm and external one is 9.6cm to have the difference of 2.1cm so that it is considered to put the bust together stronger than the others. 4. The cup circumference of the FIT pattern shows to be the biggest and that of the FIT pattern is the smallest. As the FIT pattern has the shape to wrap the side of the bust, it has large circumference but as it has a narrow angle of a dart, it seems to be fit to the woman with a small and flat bust. 5. For 1/2 of the nipple distance of the brassiere for the Korean adult women, it shows to be 6.12cm, much narrower than the patterns studied, and it is noticed that the ESMOD pattern is very similar to the brassier in the Korean market. 6. As the mean keeper height is 6.5cm, it is noticed that it is very similar to the brassier for the Korean adult women if comparing that the brassiere for the Korean adult has the keeper height of 6.5-8.6cm. The Marangoni pattern tends to have a little low and the ESMOD and FIT patterns have a ordinary measure.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.135-158
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to provide for the useful fundamental data by developing an appearl sizing system according to body types for Chinese Adult Female. Thus, it was to improve of fittness and coverage rate of exporting domestic clothing to China. For study, It was measured 1360 female women aged between 19 and 50 who resident in Beijing and Shanghai in China. as a sample, 1381 female women was seleted for development of apparel sizing system. Thus, this study was to characterize body types of Chinese adult female by classifying them into groups and set coverage rate of ready-made clothes by developing an apparel sizing system according to the Women's Wear Specifications(GB/T 1335.2-1997), National Standards of People's Republic of China. As for the method of this study was done during Jun. 23 $\sim$ Aug. 7, 2004. Data analysis were processed by SPSS WIN 10.0 Program was used to for technical statistical analysis. The result was as follows: The clothes dimension for upper and lower body and the coverage rate of body size that had the highest appearance ratio from the entire group was Y-type 160-84$\cdot$160-64(4.6%) and the section 160cm 32.4%, A-type 160-88$\cdot$160-72(3.3%) and the section 160cm 28.1%, B-type 155-88$\cdot$155-78(3.8%) and the section 155cm 27.8%, C-type 150-96$\cdot$150-88(2.5%). The result By setting of representative size number and production coverage rate for Chinese adult female. The representative size number of the entire group was set for 150-80A$\cdot$150-64A(1.0%), 155-84A$\cdot$155-68A(2.6%), 160-88A$\cdot$160-72A(3.3%), 165-84A$\cdot$165-68A (2.8%), 170-96A$\cdot$170-80A(0%). The production coverage rate for each representative size number was SS size the section 150cm 2.8%, size the section 155cm 17.0%, M size the section 160cm 31.6%, L size the section 165cm 25.0%, XL size the section 170cm 12.6% that covered 85.0%.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2018

In this study, subsurface discharge performance has been studied through theoretical seepage analysis on four types of culverts that can be installed under the condition of non-excavation, such as (a)perforated pipe(${\Phi}50mm$), (b)perforated pipe+horizontal mat (B50cm) (c)perforated pipe+horizontal mat+vertical gravel(B<10cm), (d)perforated pipe+vertical gravel(B<10cm), and existing typical type (e)perforated pipe with gravel (B40, h=40cm) which can be installed by excavation. The analysis results were as follows. i) Subsurface discharge performance per unit (m) was (a)type 56%, (b) 91%, (c) 96%, (d) 76%, respectively, lower than the value of (e)culvert. ii) However, considering that non-excavation culvert can be installed at a spacing of 5m with the installation cost of the existing excavation culvert at the interval of 10m, it was analyzed that unit subsurface discharge(q) of (a)20.2mm/day(110%), (b)32.8(178%), (c)34.6(188%) (d)27.5(149%) in the four types of non-excavation culvert installed at intervals of 5m under the condition of $ k=10^{-4}cm/s$ was much larger than the amount of (e)type 18.5(100%), existing excavation culvert installed at 10m interval. iii) Through the test construction, peak subsurface drainage discharge($q_p$) was 38.4mm/day, which is larger than the value of design criteria and confirmed that it satisfies the analysis results as well. iv) In particular, it was evaluated that (b)perforated pipe+horizontal mat(B50cm) are low cost, high efficiency subsurface drainage culvert type with sufficient drainage performance(178%).

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2007년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.289-294
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• 2007

국내 CM방식은 1996년 12월 건설산업기본법에 의해 제도화된 후 10년이 지난 현재, 건설 경기가 침체되었음에도 불구하고 공공 공사에 CM 방식의 도입으로 본격화되었으며 CM 제도의 운영 방향이 발표된 2001년 대비 2005년 말 CM발주는 계약건수 6.7배, 계약금액 9.2배가 증가하여 CM시장은 급격히 확대 발전하고 있다. 그러나 CM사업데 대한 신뢰부족 및 CM방식의 필요성을 인식하지 못하고 있으며, CM의 성공적인 정착에 중요한 역할을 하는 발주자에 대한 연구가 충분히 이루어지지 못한 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 점을 감안하여 CM 도입과 활용에 있어서 중요한 역할을 하는 발주자의 업무 수준 조사 및 분석을 통해 발주자가 필요로 하는 업무 분야에 CM방식을 제안함으로써 건설사업관리를 활성화시키고자 하였다. 발주자의 역량 수준 조사를 위하여 기존 문헌을 고찰한 결과 발주자 업무 기능을 10가지로 분류하였고 이를 토대로 설문조사를 실시하였다.