• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.284-290
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• 2017

For individuals with cleft lip and palate, the removable partial dentures (RPDs) have been an important treatment option. Some modifications from conventional prosthetic treatment may be necessary to achieve satisfactory functional and esthetic results in cleft patients. In case of cleft palate patient with periodontally compromised and only posterior few remaining teeth, removable partial prosthesis connected to telescopic crown can be the alternative treatment option. When connected to the RPD, telescopic crowns increase the prosthetic stability and retention, optimize favorable force transmission to the long dental axis, and improve esthetics. And the cross arch stabilization of double crown denture helps to stabilize both divided maxillary ridges in CLP patient. This case present one adult CLP patient using an RPD connected with hybrid telescopic crowns with friction pins to improve not only retention and stability but also aesthetics.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.100-109
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• 2012

Objective: A national survey was conducted to assess orthodontic residents' current concepts and knowledge of cleft lip and palate (CLP) management in Korea. Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 7 categories and 36 question items was distributed to 16 senior chief residents of orthodontic department at 11 dental university hospitals and 5 medical university hospitals in Korea. All respondents completed the questionnaires and returned them. Results: All of the respondents reported that they belonged to an interdisciplinary team. Nineteen percent indicated that they use presurgical infant orthopedic (PSIO) appliances. The percentage of respondents who reported they were 'unsure' about the methods about for cleft repair operation method was relatively high. Eighty-six percent reported that the orthodontic treatment was started at the deciduous or mixed dentition. Various answers were given regarding the amount of maxillary expansion for alveolar bone graft and the estimates of spontaneous or forced eruption of the upper canine. Sixty-seven percent reported use of a rapid maxillary expansion appliance as an anchorage device for maxillary protraction with a facemask. There was consensus among respondents regarding daily wearing time, duration of treatment, and amount of orthopedic force. Various estimates were given for the relapse percentage after maxillary advancement distraction osteogenesis (MADO). Most respondents did not have sufficient experience with MADO. Conclusions: These findings suggest that education about the concepts and methods of PSIO and surgical repair, consensus regarding orthodontic management protocols, and additional MADO experience are needed in order to improve the quality of CLP management in Korean orthodontic residents.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.9-17
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• 2010

Minkowski sum of two polyedra is an operation to compute the sum of all pairs of points contained in the polyhedra. It has been a very useful tool to solve many geometric problems arising in the areas of robotics, NC machining, solid modeling, and so on. However, very few algorithms have been proposed to compute Minkowski sum of polyhedra, because computing Minkowski sum boundaries is susceptible to roundoff errors. We propose an algorithm to robustly compute the Minkowski sum boundaries by employing the controlled linear perturbation scheme to prevent numerically ambiguous and degenerate cases from occurring. According to our experiments, our algorithm computes the Minkowski sum boundaries with the precision of $10^{-14}$ by perturbing the vertices of the input polyhedra up to $10^{-10}$.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 2015

Yogurt is a product of the acidic fermentation of milk, which affects the survival of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The aim of this present study was to examine the survival and acid stress response of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG to low pH environment. The survival of LAB in commercial yogurt was measured during long-term storage. The enumeration of viable cells of LAB was determined at 15-day intervals over 52-weeks at $5^{\circ}C$. L. acidophilus, L. casei, and Bifidobacterium spp. showed low viability. However, L. rhamnosus GG exhibited excellent survival throughout the refrigerated storage period. At the end of 52-weeks, L. rhamnosus GG survived 7.0 log10 CFU/mL. $F_0F_1$ ATPase activity in L. rhamnosus GG at pH 4.5 was also evaluated. The ATPase activities of the membranes were higher when exposed at pH 4.5 for 24 h. The survival of L. rhamnosus GG was attributable to the induction in $F_0F_1$ ATPase activity. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of acid stress-inducible genes at low pH were investigated by qRT-PCR. clpC and clpE genes were up-regulated after 1 h, and atpA and dnaK genes were up-regulated after 24 h of incubation at pH 4.5. These genes could enhance the survival of L. rhamnosus GG in the acidic condition. Thus, the modulation of the enzymes or genes to assist the viability of LAB in the low pH environment is thought to be important.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.238-248
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• 2020

Objective: To investigate the effects of the long-term use of a maxillary protraction facemask with miniplate (FM-MP) on pharyngeal airway dimensions in growing patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Methods: The study included 24 boys with CLP (mean age, 12.2 years; mean duration of FM-MP therapy, 4.9 years), divided into two groups according to the amount of A point advancement to the vertical reference plane (VRP): Group 1, > 4 mm; Group 2, < 2 mm; n = 12/group. After evaluating the skeletodental and airway variables using lateral cephalograms acquired before and after FM-MP therapy, statistical analyses were performed. Results: Group 1 showed greater forward and downward displacements of the posterior maxilla (posterior nasal spine [PNS]-horizontal reference plane [HRP]; PNS-VRP), greater increase in ANB, more forward tongue position (tongue tip-Pt vertical line to Frankfort horizontal plane), and greater increase in the oropharynx (superior posterior airway space [SPAS]; middle airway space [MAS]) and upper nasopharynx (PNS-adenoid2) than did Group 2. While maxillary advancement (A-VRP and PNS-VRP) correlated with increases in SPAS, MAS, and PNS-adenoid2, downward displacement of the PNS (PNS-HRP) correlated with increases in SPAS, MAS, PNS-adenoid1, and PNS-adenoid2, and with a decrease in vertical airway length (VAL). Mandibular forward displacement and decrease in mandibular plane correlated with increases in MAS. Conclusions: FM-MP therapy had positive effects on the oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airway spaces without increases in VAL in Group 1 rather than in Group 2. However, further validation using an untreated control group is necessary.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.193-198
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• 2020

Background: Medical laboratory workers are frequently exposed to a wide range of chemicals. This exposure can have adverse effects on their health. Furthermore, a knowledge lack of the chemical risk increases the likelihood of exposure. The chemical risk assessment reduces the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals and therefore, guarantees health and safety of the workers. Method: The chemical risk assessment was conducted using a modified INRS method, according to the new CLP Regulation, of 11 unit laboratories in a Moroccan medical laboratory. Observation of each workstation and analysis of safety data sheets are key tools in this study. Results: A total of 144 substances and reagents that could affect the health of the analytical technicians were identified. Among these products, 17% are concerned by the low priority risk score, with 55% concerned by the average priority risk score and 28% concerned by the high priority risk score. This study also enabled to better identify the chemical agents that have restrictive occupational exposure limit value and controls were conducted to this effect. On the basis of the results obtained, several corrective and preventive measures have been proposed and implemented. Conclusion: Risk assessment is essential to ensure the health and safety of workers and to meet regulatory requirements. It enables to identify all the risky manipulations and to adopt appropriate preventive measures. However, it is not a one-time activity but it must be continuous in order to master the changes and thus ensure the best safety of all.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.2955-2962
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• 2014

Asian ginseng is used as a treatment for cardiovascular diseases, ischemia, and cancers. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein acts as a late mediator of severe vascular inflammatory conditions. However, the effect of ginsenosides from Asian ginseng on HMGB1-induced inflammatory responses has not been studied. We addressed this question by monitoring the effects of ginsenoside treatment on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-mediated release of HMGB1, and HMGB1-mediated regulation of proinflammatory responses. Ginsenoside treatment suppressed LPS-mediated release of HMGB1 and HMGB1-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements. Ginsenosides also inhibited HMGB1-mediated inflammatory responses. In addition, ginsenosides inhibited the production of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) and activation of protein kinase B (Akt), nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$), and extracellular-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 by HMGB1. Ginsenosides also decreased CLP-induced release of HMGB1, production of interleukin (IL) $1{\beta}/6$, and mortality. These results suggested that ginsenosides may be potential therapeutic agents for treatment of vascular inflammatory diseases through inhibition of the HMGB1 signaling pathway.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

Our previous study has shown berberine prevents damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier during early phase of sepsis in rat through mechanisms independent of the NOD-like receptors signaling pathway. In this study, we explored the regulatory effects of berberine on Toll-like receptors during the intestinal mucosal damaging process in rats. Male Sprague-Dawlay (SD) rats were treated with berberine for 5 d before undergoing cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce polymicrobial sepsis. The expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR 2), TLR 4, TLR 9, the activity of nuclear factor-kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$), the levels of selected cytokines and chemokines, percentage of cell death in intestinal epithelial cells, and mucosal permeability were investigated at 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after CLP. Results showed that the tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) level were significantly lower in berberine-treated rats compared to the control animals. Conversely, the expression level of tight junction proteins, percentage of cell death in intestinal epithelial cells and the mucosal permeability were significantly higher in berberine-treated rats. The mRNA expression of TLR 2, TLR 4, and TLR 9 were significantly affected by berberine treatment. Our results indicate that pretreatment with berberine attenuates tissue injury and protects the intestinal mucosal barrier in early phase of sepsis and this may possibly have been mediated through the TLRs pathway.

• Mycobiology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.407-415
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• 2018

Pheromone (PHB)-receptor (RCB) interaction in the mating pheromone response pathway of Lentinula edodes was investigated using synthetic PHBs. Functionality of the C-terminally carboxymethylated synthetic PHBs was demonstrated by concentration-dependent induction of a mating-related gene (znf2) expression and by pseudoclamp formation in a monokaryotic strain S1-11 of L. edodes. Treatment with synthetic PHBs activated the expression of homeodomain genes (HDs) residing in the A mating type locus, and of A-regulated genes, including znf2, clp1, and priA, as well as genes in the B mating type locus, including pheromone (phb) and receptor (rcb) genes. The synthetic PHBs failed to discriminate self from non-self RCBs. PHBs of the B4 mating type (B4 PHBs) were able to activate the mating pheromone response pathway in both monokaryotic S1-11 and S1-13 strains, whose B mating types were B4 (self) and B12 (non-self), respectively. The same was true for B12 PHBs in the B4 (non-self) and B12 (self) mating types. The synthetic PHBs also promoted the mating of two monokaryotic strains carrying B4-common incompatible mating types ($A5B4{\times}A1B4$). However, the dikaryon generated by this process exhibited abnormally high content of hyphal branching and frequent clamp connections and, more importantly, was found to be genetically unstable due to overexpression of mating-related genes such as clp1. Although synthetic PHBs were unable to discriminate self from non-self RCBs, they showed a higher affinity for non-self RCBs, through which the mating pheromone response pathway in non-self cells may be preferentially activated.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2019

In this report, we describe a case involving a 34-year-old woman who showed good treatment outcomes with long-term stability after multidisciplinary treatment for unilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP), maxillary hypoplasia, severe maxillary arch constriction, severe occlusal collapse, and gingival recession. A comprehensive treatment approach was developed with maximum consideration of strong scar constriction and gingival recession; it included minimum maxillary arch expansion, maxillary advancement by distraction osteogenesis using an internal distraction device, and mandibular setback using sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Her post-treatment records demonstrated a balanced facial profile and occlusion with improved facial symmetry. The patient's profile was dramatically improved, with reduced upper lip retrusion and lower lip protrusion as a result of the maxillary advancement and mandibular setback, respectively. Although gingival recession showed a slight increase, tooth mobility was within the normal physiological range. No tooth hyperesthesia was observed after treatment. There was negligible osseous relapse, and the occlusion remained stable after 5 years of post-treatment retention. Our findings suggest that such multidisciplinary approaches for the treatment of CLP with gingival recession and occlusal collapse help in improving occlusion and facial esthetics without the need for prostheses such as dental implants or bridges; in addition, the results show long-term post-treatment stability.