• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2015

This paper proposes column-parallel three step Single Slope Analog-to-Digital Converter (SS-ADC) for high frame rate VGA CMOS Image Sensors (CISs). The proposed three step SS-ADC improves the sampling rate while maintaining the architecture of the conventional SS-ADC for high frame rate CIS. The sampling rate of the three-step ADC is increased by a factor of 39 compared with the conventional SS-ADC. The proposed three-step SS-ADC has a 12-bit resolution and 200 kS/s at 25 MHz clock frequency. The VGA CIS using three step SS-ADC has the maximum frame rate of 200 frames/s. The total power consumption is 76 mW with 3.3 V supply voltage without ramp generator buffer. A prototype chip was fabricated in a $0.13{\mu}m$ CMOS process.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.7-16
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• 2011

The death toll of the elderly by accidents in 2007 takes 6.5% of total death toll. The lost income from this is estimated to be 17 trillion and 511 billion won. According to CISS of Korea Consumer Protection Board, the number of safety related accidents of the elderly at home in 2006 was 486 cases in 2006 and has gradually increased every year. This thesis created 115 guidelines at 14 spaces as facility evaluation index evaluating the aging friendliness of the facility and safety related accidents generated at elderly resident welfare facility, examined influence variables of safety related accidents with 191 elderly including demographic variable, physical skill variable, social psychological variable and facility environmental variables, and then verified relevance between safety accidents and each influence variable. As a result, it was verified through ANOVA test of SAS Package Program and $x^2$- test that facility environmental variable would be closely related to the accident. In this regard, this study newly proposes the facility standards of aging friendly facility by supplementing them with contents and guidelines of facility evaluation table as ways to reduce safety related facility of the elderly.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.242-248
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• 2011

According to a study on the accident patterns of older people in 2006 by Korea Consumer Agency (CISS), the number of accidents of the elderly at home reached 486, and the figure has increased every year. As Korea is about to enter into the aged society, it is important to investigate the factors that cause an accident in the welfare facilities for the aged and establish the barrier-free construction standards. The accident influence factors include facility environmental, physical functional, socio demographic and socio psychological factors. In terms of the verification tools, there are Facility Evaluation Index, FIM, MMSE-K and General Feature. In terms of analysis method, in addition, there are real number, percentage, t-test, ANOVA and logistic regression. In conclusion, this paper attempts to reveal correlations among the accident influence factors using the Facility Evaluation Standards (115 items in total) for facility environmental factor, FIM (3 items) for physical functional factor, MMSE-K (6 items) for socio psychological factor and questionnaire (5 items) for socio demographic factor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.119-131
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• 2019

Among the themes for CSR(Corporate Social Responsibility), consumer issues include protecting the health and safety of consumers who purchase and use the products. In particular, ensuring product safety is a major theme of consumer issues for corporate social responsibility. Currently, the government implements the Electrical Appliances and Consumer Products Safety Control Act for product safety management and selects products that may harmful to consumers as safety control items, and manages the products by designating them as 4 types of safety certification, safety confirmation, supplier conformity verification, and safety standard compliance. In this paper, we propose management plans for the establishment of a more reasonable classification type of safety management target for 48 items of consumer products to be controlled by the act, and confirm the validity of the plan. First, we perform cluster analysis using data for CISS (Consumer Injury Surveillance System) to derive a new classification type of the safety management target. Next, we compare the results of the cluster analysis with the classification type of the act and the existing scenario classification method RAS (Risk Assessment by Scenario) and the causal network method RAMP (Risk Assessment Method based on Probability). Based on these results, we propose two new plans of safety management target classification and verify its validity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.128-135
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• 2018

Currently, the government selects products that are likely to cause harm to consumers as safety management targets and classifies them into three types: safety certification, safety confirmation, and supplier conformity verification. In addition, the government conducts safety surveys on products in circulation or accident products, and recalls products that are of great concern to consumer risks. In this paper, we have developed RAP (Risk Assessment method based on Probability), which is a probability based product risk assessment method, for the classification of safety management type of product and safety investigation, and have shown an application example. In this process, information is used for the CISS (Consumer Injury Surveillance System) of the Korean Consumer Agency. In addition, we apply the cluster analysis to classify the current supervised children products into three groups. Then, we confirm the effectiveness of RAP by comparing the result of RAP application, cluster analysis result and current safety management classification type. Also, we recognize the need to review the current safety management classification criteria for classifying products into three types.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.77-83
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• 2022

Occupant behaviors and body contact with vehicle interior parts are main injury mechanism in far-side collisions. In vehicle side impact accident where the crash accident occurs on the opposite side of the vehicle from the a particular occupant, it is exposed in terms of relatively larger lateral motion to interact with the opposite side of the vehicle structure. The challenge of minimizing motions of upper body and injury risk according to a direct contact is a primary occupant protection research. This study has performed a data analysis of real-world accident database extracted from the 2016~2020 CISS database and a parametric investigation of impact angles and occupant kinematics in far-side lateral and oblique impact simulations. A detailed data analysis was conducted to reveal the relationship among the accident and injury data. Database analysis and computational far-side impact results proposed the fundamental vehicle design for safety improvement in far-side collisions.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.337-341
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• 2018

Sector block is not used for Gamma Knife surgery in patients with generalized trigeminal neuralgia but sector block is used to reduce the dose reaching the brain stem when the trigeminal ganglgia and the 'Brain stem', radiation sensitive tissue, are adjacent. In the Gamma Knife surgical plan of this study, a surgical plan was established using a Leksell Gamma Plan 11. 1.0 (Elekta Instrument AB, Sweden) with one patient (Block unused, Brain stem dose No volume over 12 Gy, Case 1) who did not need a sector block and four patients (Block unused, Brain stem dose 12 Gy or more, Case 2~5) with a sector block. Magnetic resonance images were obtained by MPRAGE T1 and CISS Respectively. When the trigeminal ganglion is in close proximity to the brain stem, the brain stem volume is decreased when the sector block is used, while the treatment time was increased. In conclusion, This Study evaluates the usefulness of the Sector block in brain stem through Gamma Knife surgery in trigeminal neuralgia, which is considered to be the most important factor for the Gamma Knife surgery.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate environmental factors contributing to childhood home slip-down injuries. Methods: Among a total of 2,812 injured children in our Customer Injury Surveillance System (CISS), we performed a prospective study on 262 children with home slip-down injuries who visited the pediatric emergency department of Asan Medical Center between March 2008 and February 2009. We made a frequency analysis on parameters such as activities just before the accident, the presence of any obstacles or lubricant materials, specific home place in the home where the injuries occurred, flooring materials on which the slip-down happened, additional objects hit after slip down, the site and kind of injury, the duration of therapy, and the disposition. Results: Walking was the most common activity just before the injury. Because rooms and bathrooms were most common places in the home for slip down injuries, laminated papers/ vinyl floor coverings and tiles were the most common flooring materials used in the places where the injuries occured. Most commonly, no obstacles caused the children to slip down, but the furniture, stairs, doorsills, wetness, or soapy fluid followed after that. Over half of the children who slipped (58%) also collided with other than the floor itself after the slip-down, most common objects hit were the edges of the furniture, and doorsills, followed by stairways. The head and neck were the most commonly injured sites, and a laceration was the most common kind of injury. Most children needed less than 1 week of therapy, only 4 children (1.53%) admitted. There were no mortalities. Conclusion: The environmental factors contributing to slip-down injuries were the bathroom, laminated papers/vinyl floors, the furniture, stairs, doorsills, and wetness or soapy fluid. Especially, the furniture, stairs, and doorsills can be both primary obstacles and secondary collision objects. For the safety of our children, we must consider these factors on housing, when decorating or remodeling our house.