• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2008

Purpose: In this rearch, we made a plan to investigate the effects of Changbuyeukgun-Tang(CET) on the polycystic ovary(PCOS) induced by estradiol valerate(EV) in rats. PCO was induced by single intramuscular injection with EV(4㎎) in female rats. Rats(n=8) in normal group were injected with sesame oil and orally administrated distilled water for 8weeks Rats in PCO control group(n=8) were injected with EV and orally administrated distilled water for 8weeks. Rats in CET treated group(n=8) were injected with EV and orally administrated CET for 8weeks. Methods: We measured the weights of the body, the ovary, the uterus and the adrenal gland. And also, we analyzed ovarian histopathology, NGF and CRF immunohistochemistry. Results: The results were as follows1. the weights(㎎) of the ovaries in CET treated group were significantly increased(p<0.001) compared with PCO control group. 2. the number of the mature follicles in CET treated group were significantly increased(p<0.01) compared with PCO control. 3. the number of the atresia follicles in CET treated group were significantly decreased(p<0.01) compared with PCO control. 4. the number of the corpora in CET treated group were significantly increased(p<0.05) compared with PCO control. 5. the expressions of NGF-immunoreactive cells in the ovarian granulosa cells of rats in CET treated group were less observed than PCO control group. Conclusion: According to these results, we finally concluded that Changbuyeukgun-Tang(CET) has the inhibitory effect on the development of EV-induced polycystic ovary. And we deduced that the effect of it may be related to the decreased NGF activities in the ovary.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2020

Background: The characteristics of lateral epicondylitis (LE) are muscle strength weakness and increased common extensor tendon (CET) thickness. Ultrasonography has recently been used to evaluate tendinopathy. Diamond taping (DT) is commonly used to manage patients with LE. However, no previous studies have investigated the effects of DT on CET thickness. Objects: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DT applied around the lateral elbow on CET thickness, grip strength, and wrist extension force in healthy subjects. Methods: The subjects were 26 adults (13 male) in their twenties. First, the CET thickness was measured at rest. The CET thickness was measured by using ultrasonography at two points. The subjects were then instructed to perform maximal grip activities or maximal wrist extension activities before and after DT around the lateral elbow. The DT technique was applied using non-elastic tape. While the subjects performed maximal grip activities, the investigator measured the maximum grip strength (MGS) and CET thickness. Likewise, while the subjects performed maximal wrist extension activities, the investigator measured the maximum wrist extension force (MWEF) and CET thickness. Results: The MGS showed a statistically significant improvement after DT taping application in men (p < 0.05). The MWEF showed a statistically significant improvement after DT application in male (p < 0.01) and female (p < 0.05). When performing the activities, the CET thickness increased compared to that at rest. However, CET thickness didn't show a statistically significant improvement before and after DT. Conclusion: This study shows that DT applied around the lateral elbow is effective in improving MGS and MWEF. However, it does not affect CET thickness.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.205-215
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• 1989

본 연구의 기초로 사용된 CET와 CET 정량화코드(EVNTREISS)는 WASH-1400 이후로 기 존 발전소 안전성평가에 적용되어온 어떠한 CET 보다도 상세하며 다양성을 지니고 있다. EVNTREISS 코드의 구성이 대단히 복잡하고, 코드 Validation이 철저히 수행되지 않았으며 또한 독립적 검토가 이루어지지 않음으로 인하여 코드와 CET의 한계점과 개선할 몇가지 문제점이 충분히 내포될 수 있었다. 본 연구는 BNL에서 수행된 Zion 격납용기 사건수목을 재구성하는 과정에서, 상기된 문제점과 개선분야를 파악하고 이전에 수행된 여러 PRA에서 사용된 CET와의 비교를 통하여 EVNTREISS코드를 개선시키고자 하였다. 결과로서, Zion에서 수행된 CET가 만족스럽게 재구성되었고, 코드에 대한 여러 개선분야가 파악되었으며 그중의 몇가지 문제점이 해결되었다. 이 개선된 코드는 PC에서 간단히 작업할 수 있으며 중대사 고시 대형건식 가압경수로형 격납용기반응의 분석에 효과적으로 사용될 수 있다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of our study is to provide an understanding of the relationships among consumer attention to social comparison information (ATSCI), consumer ethnocentrism (CET), national identity (NI), and consumer purchase intention to domestic brands (PIDB). Drawing on the social comparison theory (SCT) and social identity theory (SIT), we developed a model that is empirically testable and explains consumer behavior of domestic brands and products. Research design, data, and methodology - The conceptual framework was tested with primary data collected through a survey in China. Structural equation modeling was employed to test hypotheses. Results - The results from empirical analyses indicated that the ATSCI positively influenced CET and NI, and CET and NI affect consumer PIDB. In addition, the mediating effects of CET and NI on the relationship between ATSCI and PIDB were identified. Nonetheless, little direct impact of ATSCI on PIDB was reported. Conclusions - We suggested that international marketers use given information to attract consumer attention and develop appropriate promotions, especially for Chinese young generations that would pay much attention to social comparison information in their purchase decisions. Our study originally connected one socio-psychological antecedent, ATSCI, with CET and NI and estimated the relationships among the three antecedents and their effects on PIDB in order to predict consumer behavior in China.

• Korean Membrane Journal
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2007

The transport and removal characteristics of cobalt ions were investigated in a continuous electrodeionization with cation exchange textile (CEDI-CET). It was shown that the removal properties of cobalt ions are strongly dependent on the operating parameters such as temperature, flow velocity, and the solution pH. The transport and removal of cobalt ions was mainly related to the sorption on the surface and the convection and electro-migration through the ion exchange medium. In this study, the CEDI-CET showed good process performance for the removal of metal ions compared with the conventional CEDI with resins.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.86-95
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• 2004

A Cu(I) complex with an asymmetric TTF derivative (CET-EDTTTF) is prepared from the slow-diffusion method using CET-EDTTTF and Cu(I)Br solutions and characterized by X-ray crystallography and EPR spectroscopy. Structural analysis shows Cu(I) ions are tetrahedrally coordinated to two bridging bromides, one terminal bromide, and one S atom from CET-EDTTTF. Detailed geometrical and EPR analysis identified that the dimmer molecule contains [Cu$_2Br_4]^{2-}$ anion between two [CET-EDTTTF]$^+$ radical cations. Single-crystal EPR investigation of the complex reveals that the ganisotropy is unusually big, compared to those of the previously reported TTF+ cation radicals, implying that there is significant contribution of the Cu d-orbital to the HOMO of the complex.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.894-906
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• 2013

The Chinese fashion market is a fierce battlefield for foreign brands and domestic brands. This research carefully analyzed several effects based on theories related to the country of origin for brands and consumer attitudes. All data were collected by a questionnaire distributed to Chinese consumers who have experienced global fashion brands. Data collection was conducted in March 2011. A total of 382 complete responses were used for the analysis. The results were as follows: First, for Chinese brands, there was a direct consumer ethnocentrism (CET) effect on brand attitudes. Second, CET showed no effect for European brands; however, conspicuous consumption had a significant positive influence. Third, there existed direct effects of CET and economic animosity on brand attitudes for brands from an unfriendly country. There was a positive moderating effect of conspicuous consumption on the association between CET and Japanese brand attitudes; in addition, a negative situation perception aggravates the negative relationship between economic animosity and Japanese brand attitudes. The results of the study can help marketers obtain more specific knowledge of brand attitudes for target consumer groups as well as enable them to plan and implement well-suited strategies for fashion businesses in China.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2006년도 학술대회 2부
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• pp.639-645
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• 2006

During abstinence from alcohol, craving is elicited by the cues and contexts previously associated with alcohol, and contributes to relapse. To prevent the craving and relapse experienced by alcoholics, cue-exposure therapy (CET) has been used to extinguish the association between alcohol and alcohol-related cues and contexts. This study applied CET, using a virtual reality (VR) system, to eight members of an Alcoholics Anonymous group, in eight sessions. Cues and contexts most likely to elicit an urge to drink were selected through a preliminary survey in order to compose VR-CET scenarios: a glass, bottle, food, and a bar were judged to be the most tempting for people in alcohol dependence and abstinence. By these cues and contexts, a Japanese style pub and a western bar were composed. Each session was administered for 30 minutes by a psychiatrist and included an introduction, immersion, VR navigation, interviews about feelings, and self-report questionnaires about cravings. The eight sessions consisted of initial and closing sessions, and six cue- and context-focused sessions. As a result, a reduction in cue-elicited craving after VR-CET was reported. A mean score of 15.75 (SD = 10.91) on the Alcohol Urge Questionnaire in the first session decreased to 11.57 (SD = 6.88) in the final session.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.63-77
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• 2016

Top-down construction is a construction technique in which pit excavation and structure construction are conducted simultaneously. Reducing construction time and minimizing noise and vibration which affect neighboring structures, the technique is widely employed in constructing downtown structures. While H-steel columns have been commonly used as core columns, concrete filled steel tube (CFT) columns are at the center of attention because the latter have less axial directionality and greater cross-sectional efficiency than the former. When compared with circular CFT columns, square CFT columns are more easily connected to the floor structure and the area of percussion rotary drilling (PRD) is smaller. For this reason, square CFT columns are used as core columns of concrete encased and filled square (CET) columns in underground floors. However, studies on the structural behavior and concrete stress transfer of CET columns have not been conducted. Since concrete is cast according to construction sequence, checking the stress of concrete inside the core columns and the stress of covering concrete is essential. This paper presents the results of structural tests and analyses conducted to evaluate the usability and safety of CET columns in top-down construction where CFT columns are used as core columns. Parameters in the tests are loading condition, concrete strength and covering depth. The compressive load capacity and failure behavior of specimens are evaluated. In addition, 2 cases of field application of CET columns in underground floors are analyzed.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.665-669
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• 2015

We investigated and compared two methods of in-situ oxidation and chemical etching treatment (CET) to remove the boron rich layer (BRL). The BRL is generally formed during boron doping process. It has to be controlled in order not to degrade carrier lifetime and reduce electrical properties. A boron emitter is formed using $BBr_3$ liquid source at $930^{\circ}C$. After that, in-situ oxidation was followed by injecting oxygen of 1,000 sccm into the furnace during ramp down step and compared with CET using a mixture of acid solution for a short time. Then, we analyzed passivation effect by depositing $Al_2O_3$. The results gave a carrier lifetime of $110.9{\mu}s$, an open-circuit voltage ($V_{oc}$) of 635 mV at in-situ oxidation and a carrier lifetime of $188.5{\mu}s$, an $V_{oc}$ of 650 mV at CET. As a result, CET shows better properties than in-situ oxidation because of removing BRL uniformly.