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Stochastic Resonance Whole-Body Vibration, Musculoskeletal Symptoms, and Body Balance: A Worksite Training Study

  • Elfering, Achim;Arnold, Sibille;Schade, Volker;Burger, Christian;Radlinger, Lorenz
    • Safety and Health at Work
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.149-155
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    • 2013
  • Background: Stochastic resonance whole-body vibration training (SR-WBV) was tested to reduce work-related musculoskeletal complaints. Methods: Participants were 54 white-collar employees of a Swiss organization. The controlled crossover design comprised two groups each given 4 weeks of exercise and no training during a second 4-week period. Outcome was daily musculoskeletal well-being, musculoskeletal pain, and surefootedness. In addition, participants performed a behavioral test on body balance prior to when SR-WBV started and after 4 weeks of SR-WBV. Results: Across the 4-week training period, musculoskeletal well-being and surefootedness were significantly increased (p < 0.05), whereas musculoskeletal pain was significantly reduced only in those who reported low back pain during the last 4 weeks prior to the study (p < 0.05). Body balance was significantly increased by SR-WBV (p < 0.05). Conclusion: SR-WBV seems to be an efficient option in primary prevention of musculoskeletal complaints and falls at work.

Galaxy identification with the 6D friends-of-friend algorithm for high resolution simulations of galaxy formation

  • Rhee, Jinsu;Elahi, Pascal;Yi, Sukyoung K.
    • The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.42.1-42.1
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    • 2021
  • Galaxy/Halo finding based on the friends-of-friend (FoF) algorithm has been widely adopted for its simplicity and expandability to the phase-space. However, cosmological simulations have been progressively bigger in size and more accurate in resolutions, resulting in that galaxy/halo finding gets computationally expensive more and more. In fact, we confirm this issue through our exercise of applying the 6-dimensional (6D) FoF galaxy finder code, VELOCIraptor (Elahi et al.2019) on the NewHorizon simulation (Dubois et al. 2021), in which typical galaxies with about 1e11 Msun (107 particles) are identified with very low speed (longer than a day). We have applied several improvements to the original VELOCIraptor code that solve the low-performance problem of galaxy finding on a simulation with high resolutions. Our modifications find the exact same FoF group and can be readily applied to any tree-based FoF code, achieving a 2700 (12) times speedup in the 3D (6D) FoF search compared to the original execution. We applied the updated version of VELOCIraptor on the entire NewHorizon simulation (834 snapshots) and identified its galaxies and halos. We present several quick comparisons of galaxy properties with those with GALAXYMaker data.

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Implementation of Smoke-free Legislation in Malaysia: Are Adolescents Protected from Respiratory Health Effects?

  • Zulkifli, Aziemah;Abidin, Najihah Zainol;Abidin, Emilia Zainal;Hashim, Zailina;Rahman, Anita Abd;Rasdi, Irniza;Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah;Semple, Sean
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.12
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    • pp.4815-4821
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    • 2014
  • Background: This study aimed to examine the relationship between respiratory health of Malaysian adolescents with secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and smoke-free legislation (SFL) implementation. Materials and Methods: A total of 898 students from 21 schools across comprehensive- and partial-SFL states were recruited. SHS exposures and respiratory symptoms were assessed via questionnaire. Prenatal and postnatal SHS exposure information was obtained from parental-completed questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms was: 11.9% ever wheeze, 5.6% current wheeze, 22.3% exercise-induced wheeze, 12.4% nocturnal cough, and 13.1% self-reported asthma. SHS exposure was most frequently reported in restaurants. Hierarchical logistic regression indicates living in a comprehensive-SFL state was not associated with a lower risk of reporting asthma symptoms. SHS exposure in public transport was linked to increased risk for wheeze (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 16.6; 95%confidence interval (CI), 2.69-101.7) and current wheezing (AOR 24.6; 95%CI, 3.53-171.8). Conclusions: Adolescents continue to be exposed to SHS in a range of public venues in both comprehensive- and partial-SFL states. Respiratory symptoms are common among those reporting SHS exposure on public transportation. Non-compliance with SFL appears to be frequent in many venues across Malaysia and enforcement should be given priority in order to reduce exposure.

Effects of Counter-rotation Position on Knee/Hip Angulation, Center of Mass Inclination, and Edging Angle in Simulated Alpine Skiing

  • Yoon, Sukhoon;Kim, Jin-Hae;Park, Jae-Hyeon;Ryu, Jiseon;Park, Sang-Kyoon;Kim, Joo-Nyeon
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.91-97
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    • 2017
  • Objective: To investigate rotation movement of segment for performing each position and its effect on knee/hip angulation, COM inclination, and edging angle changes. Method: Twelve Alpine skiers (age: $25.8{\pm}4.8years$, height: $173.8{\pm}5.9cm$, weight: $71.4{\pm}7.4kg$, length of career: $9.9{\pm}4.6years$) participated in this study. Each skier was asked to perform counter-rotation, neutral, and rotation positions. Results: Shank and thigh were less rotated in the counter-rotation position than in other positions, whereas the trunk and pelvis were more counter-rotated (p<.05). Hip angulation, COM inclination, and edging angle were significantly greater in the counter-rotation position than in other positions (p<.05). Conclusion: Our finding proved that the counter-rotation position increases hip angulation, COM inclination, and edging angle. Consequently, we suggest that skiers should perform counter-rotation of the trunk and pelvis relative to the ski direction in the vertical axis for the counter-rotation position. Further analysis will continue to investigate the effects of the counter-rotation position in real ski slope with kinetic analysis.

Heartworm Extraction in a Pitbull Terrier Dog with Heavy Worm Burden Using A Loop Snare (심한 심장사상충 감염증에 걸린 핏불테리어 개에서 Loop Snare를 이용한 심장사상충 제거술)

  • Kim, Ji-Yoon;Yoon, Won-Kyoung;Yang, Hye-Mi;Choi, Won-Jin;Kim, Hyun-Wook;Hyun, Changbaig
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.31 no.5
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    • pp.412-416
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    • 2014
  • A 7-year-old intact male Pitbull terrier dog was presented with complaints of marked abdominal distension and severe exercise intolerance. Diagnostic studies found a right-sided cardiomegaly with marked dilation of pulmonary arteries, diffuse interstitial pulmonary infiltration and heavy worm burden in the right atrium and ventricle. Color and spectral Doppler echocardiography also revealed tricuspid and pulmonic regurgitation indicating severe pulmonary hypertension. The 104 heartworms were removed by interventional extraction using a loop snare (Snare, Boston Scientific, USA) through external jugular vein. After heartworm removals, the clinical condition of this dog was remarkably improved. To author's best knowledge, this is the first case of interventional heartworm extraction using a loop snare in Korea.

The effects of proprioceptive exercises on balance ability after stroke (고유수용성 감각 증진 운동이 뇌졸중 환자의 균형 능력에 미치는 영향)

  • Song, Hyun-Seung;Park, Hye-Ryoung;Bae, Si-Jeol;Park, Ji-Seong;Cho, Hyeung-Tae;Jang, Ha-Hee;Kim, Su-Jin
    • PNF and Movement
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2010
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of proprioceptive exercise (PE) using a trampoline and a balance board on a balance ability after stroke. Method : Sixteen chronic stroke patients participated. Participants were randomly assigned to the PE group or control group (8 experimental, 8 control). All of participants were in-patients at local rehabilitation centre and had been receiving a traditional rehabilitation program, five days a week. The PE group have additionally undergone for four weeks, three days a week, the PE using a trampoline and a balance board under supervision by a physical therapist but control group was not received any additional program except the traditional rehabilitation program. The position sense test used to assess a proprioceptive sense at a knee joint. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Timed Up & Go (TUG) test to measure the balance ability were carried out before and after the training. Result : After the training the error of position sense at knee joint of PE group significantly decreased compared to the control group. The PE group demonstrated a significant improvement in the scores of the BBS and TUG. Conclusion : The present study suggests that the PE program using a trampoline and balance board may become a useful tool for enhancing a balance ability in chronic stroke patients through the ennced proprioceptive position senses.

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Identifying psychological predictors of adherence to a community-based lifestyle modification program for weight loss among Chinese overweight and obese adults

  • Leung, Alice Wai Yi;Chan, Ruth Suk Mei;Sea, Mandy Man Mei;Woo, Jean
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.415-424
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    • 2019
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Existing evidence on lifestyle modification programs for weight loss is limited by the high attrition rate of such programs. Identifying predictors of adherence to a lifestyle modification program could result in program improvement. However, little is known about behavior-specific adherence and its psychological predictors. This study aimed to examine the psychological predictors of adherence after one-month participation in a community-based lifestyle modification program among Chinese overweight and obese adults in Hong Kong. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 205 Chinese overweight and obese adults aged $38.9{\pm}10.5years$ completed the study. Data were collected at baseline and after one month using self-reported questionnaires, which assessed knowledge (self-developed scale), motivation (Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire), stage of change (Stage of Exercise Scale) and self-efficacy (Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale). At one month, a 4-day dietary recall and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form were used to assess dietary and physical activity (PA) adherence. Food and PA diaries were examined to indicate self-monitoring. Program attendance was tracked between baseline and one-month follow-up. RESULTS: After one month, participants reported high dietary adherence, attendance, and adherence to self-monitoring but low PA adherence. Multiple regression analyses suggested that diet self-efficacy (baseline) and nutrition knowledge (one-month change) were independent predictors of dietary adherence score at one month, whereas autonomous PA motivation (baseline) and PA self-efficacy (both baseline and one-month change) were independent predictors of PA adherence score at one month. No significant psychological predictor was identified for attendance or self-monitoring. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the effect of psychological factors on adherence differs between diet and PA adherence outcomes. To promote adherence, practitioners should assess self-efficacy, knowledge, and motivation at the beginning of a weight-loss program and explore behavior-specific strategies to improve knowledge and self-efficacy. The results of this study have direct implications for program improvements.

Improving hydration in elite male footballers during a national team training camp - an observational case study

  • Mohr, Magni;Nolsoe, Eli Leifsson;Krustrup, Peter;Fatouros, Ioannis G.;Jamurtas, Athanasios Z.
    • Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.10-16
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    • 2021
  • [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to (i) assess hydration levels in elite male football players during a national team training camp before and during qualifying matches, (ii) evaluate the effect of coaching strategies for hydration based on feedback from hydration monitoring, and (iii) assess possible relationships between hydration status and training load or wellness markers. [Methods] Thirty-one male players (age 27±4 yrs; height 185±6 cm; weight 82.9±6.7 kg; body fat 10.4±2.3%) representing a national team from the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) participated. The players were studied during three different national team training camps related to the UEFA Nations League tournament. Urine specific gravity (USG) was measured to assess hydration status. During all camps, the players were actively coached on improving strategies for hydration and given individual feedback on their test results. The training load was measured using GPS technology, and wellness questionnaires were completed. [Results] USG decreased progressively and significantly (p<0.005) during camp 1 and hydration status improved over the three camps, with fewer dehydrated and more well-hydrated players identified during the last part of camp 3. Significantly (p<0.05) higher USG values were observed 2 days prior to a match (MD-2) than on match day (MD); consequently, 52% of the players were dehydrated on MD-2 and only 6% on MD. No correlations were observed between hydration status and training load or wellness markers. [Conclusion] Dehydration is a challenge in elite male football, but continuous monitoring of hydration status and coaching on hydration strategies can lead to major improvements and reduce the degree of dehydration.

An Exploratory Study on Fitness Consumer: Focusing on Established and Outsider Relations of the Body among Fitness Members of Gangnam and Gangbuk (피트니스 소비자에 대한 탐색적 고찰: 강남과 강북 피트니스 회원 간 몸의 기득권자-아웃사이더 권력관계를 중심으로)

  • Choo, Hye-Won
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.415-428
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    • 2017
  • This article is a socio-cultural research on the fitness members by employing an original synthesis of the work of Elias and Bourdieu. The purpose of this research is to provide a multidimensional and in-depth analysis of fitness members, by researching the relationship between body groups with differing economic and cultural capital (e.g. Gangnam and Gangbuk, private and public center). Through interviews and participant observation, the established and outsider relations of fitness members in both Gangnam and Gangbuk are examined (Gangnam 12: Gangbuk 12). Participants in social space differentiated by fitness capital and socio-economic positions gather in certain spaces that identify them as members of the same class location: the established body in Gangnam (Gangnam E), the outsider body in Gangnam (Gangnam O), the established body in Gangbuk (Gangbuk E), and the outsider body in Gangbuk (Gangbuk O). The E-O figuration of the body in fitness clubs shows differences in their body tastes and habitus (selecting a fitness centre, body ostentation, social assessment, making muscles, participation in other sports) and civilizing process (fitness manners and etiquette). The fitness centers in Gangnam and Gangbuk were not simply spaces for exercise but symbolic spaces that both recreate and perpetuate socio-cultural hierarchies between members.

Self-Rated Health of the Chronic Disease Patients with Depression in Aged over 65 (65세 이상 노인에서 우울증을 동반한 만성질환상태에 따른 자가 평가 건강수준)

  • Lee, Myeong Jin;Sohn, Hae Sook
    • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.246-257
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    • 2012
  • Objectives: To compare the self-rated health in chronic disease patients with depression, chronic disease patients, and depression patients, and to observe the related factors to the self-rated health of people age 65 and older. Methods: The subjects were 2,549 elderly people, over 65 years old in Busan Metropolitan City who participated in 2009 community health survey. Association between self-rated health and general characteristics, life style and disease status were observed. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Analysis of complex sample was done with SAS (ver. 9.2), using ${\chi}^2$-test and multiple logistic regression. Results: Among total 2,549, there were 740 normal people (29.8%), 50 people with depression (1.8%), 1,495 people with other chronic diseases (58.2%), and 264 people with the comobidity of depression and other chronic diseases (10.1%). Good self-related health accounted for 20.3% for the whole, 33.4% for normal, 16.7% for chronic disease, 16.1% for depression, and 3.2% for chronic diseases with depression. Disease, gender, education, income, alcohol drinking, regular exercise and regular walking were independent factors associated with the good self-related health. Conclusions: It is suggested that when the chronic disease control program for the elderly is developed, depression care should be considered along with the program. This program should be given priority to the women and the vulnerable classes and should also be related to the regular walking.