• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.199-208
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• 1993

To estimate the level of the air pollution in Taejon city, the contents of S, Pb and Cd of the leaves of the roadside trees were deterimined. And we analyzed the relationship between the contents of S, Pb and Cd in the leaves of the roadside trees and traffic volume. The ranges of S, Pb and Cd contents in all the samples were 1.82~4.34 mg/g, 1.95~$246.80{\mu}g/g$ and 2.00~$20.50{\mu}g/g$ respectively. Areas with the high contents of S, Pb and Cd in the leaves were the road from Taejon railroad station to the provincial government, West Taejon crossroad, Taehwa-dong, Kasuwon-dong and Yongmun crossroad.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.305-305
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• 2006

The molecular structure and dynamics of inclusion compounds (ICs) consisting of n-perfluoroalkane (PFA) guests and ${\Box}-cyclodextrin$ (${\Box}-CD$) host were investigated using $^{19}F$ magic angle spinning (MAS) and $^{1}H{\to}^{19}F$ cross polarization (CP) / MAS NMR spectroscopy with the aid of thermal analyses, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and $^{1}H{\to}^{19}F$ CP/MAS technique revealed that $C_{9}F_{20}$ molecules included in ${\Box}-CD$ undergo vigorous molecular motion and partly come out of the ${\Box}-CD$ channel above $80^{\circ}C$. In case of $C_{20}F_{42}/{\Box}-CD$, an exothermic peak is observed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at ca. $40^{\circ}C$ which suggests that ${\Box}-CD$ molecules become mobile and commence rearrangements that form more ordered structures at higher temperatures.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 1995

The removal of heavy metals from synthetic wastewater containing Pb, Cr, Cd using previously washed and dried exhausted coffee was studied varying cohcentration, pH and temperature. All the heavy metals were removed in 3.0 minutes and the removal efficiency was maximum 80~90% with different pH and temperature conditions. The differences in removal efficiency between exhausted coffee and activated carbon under the same conditions were not seen. The removal efficiency was slightly increased with increasing pH in Cd and increasing temperature in Cr, respectively. The batch adsorption kinetics and adsorption equilibrium were examined and described by a first order reversible reaction and Freundlich isotherm, respectively. And the removal of Pb was found to have the best removal efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1990.10a
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• pp.39-44
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• 1990

Polycrystalline CdS films were grown on glass substrate with conducting indium tin oxide(ITO) by electrodeposition. The average size of the plate-shape grains o the CdS films was from 0.3um to 0.05um, and the adhesion to ITO was excellent. The optical band gap of the electrodeposited CdS films was in the range from 2.51eV to 2.68 eV. The optical transmittance was 80% and the electrical resistivity varied from 10$^3$ to 10$\^$5/$\Omega$-cm depending on the deposition condition.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.388-394
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• 2017

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of oral lesions in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients in a descriptive cross-sectional study, and to establish their presence according to levels of CD4+ cells (including the CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio). Materials and Methods: A total of 75 patients infected with HIV were included. Oral lesions were observed and classified using World Health Organization classification guidelines. Potential correlations between the presence and severity of oral lesions and CD4+ cells, including the CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio, were studied. Results: The most frequent oral lesion detected was oral pseudomembranous candidiasis (80.0%), followed by periodontal disease (40.0%), herpetic lesions (16.0%), hairy leukoplakia (16.0%), gingivitis (20.0%), oral ulceration (12.0%), Kaposi's sarcoma (8.0%), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (4.0%). The CD4+ count was <$200cells/mm^3$ in 45 cases (60.0%), between $200-500cells/mm^3$ in 18 cases (24.0%), and >$500cells/mm^3$ in 12 cases (16.0%). The mean CD4+ count was $182.18cells/mm^3$. The mean ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells was 0.26. All patients showed at least one oral manifestation. Conclusion: There was no correlation between the CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio and the presence of oral lesions. The severity of the lesions was more pronounced when the CD4+ cell count was less than $200cells/mm^3$.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.120-126
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• 2004

Kenaf plants were hydroponically grown in reactor containing toxic metals as Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni and Zn to examine the ability to take up heavy metal. The plants were fertilized using a nutrient solution, which was appropriately adjusted to optimum pH, DO and conductivity. For n hydraulic retention time of 8 days, Cr, Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn were removed up to 90.5, 80.5, 66.1%, 71.1% and 79.4%, and reduced from 2.34 to 0.54 mg $L^{-1}$, 3.37 to 1.07 mg $L^{-1}$, 4.92 to 3.19 mg $L^{-1}$, 6.31 to 4.41 mg $L^{-1}$ and 6.27 to 2.09 mg $L^{-1}$. Especially, accumulation rate of Cr, Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn in the plant were measured up to 347.32, 275.39, 157.52, 50.48 and 211.01 mg DW kg $L^{-1}d^{-1}$, respectively. We considered that Kenaf plants removed Cr, Cd and Zn more effectively than other toxic metals applied.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.394-403
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• 2023

In the pursuit of sustainable and environmentally-friendly agricultural practices, we conducted an extensive study on the rhizosphere bacteria inhabiting soils that have been devoid of chemical fertilizers for an extended period exceeding 40 years. Through this investigation, we isolated a total of 80 species of plant growth-promoting rhizosphere bacteria and assessed their potential to enhance plant growth. Among these isolates, Burkholderia cepacia CD2 displayed remarkable plant growth-promoting activity, making it an optimal candidate for further analysis. Burkholderia cepacia CD2 exhibited a range of beneficial characteristics conducive to plant growth, including phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, denitrification, nitrate utilization, and urease activity. These attributes are well-known to positively influence the growth and development of plants. To validate the taxonomic classification of the strain, 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed its placement within the Burkholderia genus, providing further insights into its phylogenetic relationship. To delve deeper into the potential mechanisms underlying its plant growth-promoting properties, we sought to confirm the presence of specific genes associated with plant growth promotion in CD2. To achieve this, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed by Plasmidsaurus Inc. (USA) utilizing Oxford Nanopore technology (Abingdon, UK). The WGS analysis of the genome of CD2 revealed the existence of a subsystem function, which is thought to be a pivotal factor contributing to improved plant growth. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that Burkholderia cepacia CD2 has the potential to serve as a microbial fertilizer, offering a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.456-464
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• 2002

This study was designed to investigates the effects of Korean pueraris radix water extract in Cd(cadmium) administered rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing $100{\pm}10g$ were used for this experiment and divided into following 4 groups; control group, 3% pueraria radix in water extract group, 50 ppm Cd group, 50ppm Cd group with 3% pueraria radix in water extract group. The Cd administered rats were given 50 ppm of $CdCl_2\;{\cdot}\;2H_2O$ disolved in the distilled water. The Cd content in the rats tissue of Cd administered group was lower than in the rats tissue of Cd group with 3% pueraria radix in water extract group. Plasma levels of renin activity was increased by Cd administration group, compared with 3% pueraria radix in water extract group and Cd administred group. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT) and Glutamate pyruvate transaminase(GPT) were increased in Cd-administered group and lower in the 3% extracts of pueraria radix in water extract group. Lactate dehydrogenase(LDHase) was lower in the 3% extracts of pueraria radix-Cd group than in the Cd group. This results suggested that pueraria radix in water extract group, has a lowering effects on the accumulation of Cd and it is belived that the pueraria radix in water extract group has some protective effects to Cd administered in rats, but the mechanism of these effects was obscure.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.537-542
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• 2014

This study was carried out to optimize cholesterol removal in whole egg using crosslinked ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin (${\beta}$-CD) and to recycle the ${\beta}$-CD. Various factors for optimizing conditions were concentration of the ${\beta}$-CD, mixing temperature, mixing time, mixing speed and centrifugal speed. In the result of this study, the optimum conditions of cholesterol removal were 25% crosslinked ${\beta}$-CD, $40^{\circ}C$ mixing temperature, 30 min mixing time, 1,200 rpm mixing speed and $2,810{\times}g$ centrifugal speed. The recycling was repeated five times. The cholesterol removal was 92.76% when treated with the optimum conditions. After determining the optimum conditions, the recyclable yields of the crosslinked ${\beta}$-CD ranged from 86.66% to 87.60% in the recycling and the percentage of cholesterol removal was over 80% until third recycling. However, the cholesterol removal efficiency was decreased when the number of repeated recycling was increased. Based on the result of this study, it was concluded that the crosslinked ${\beta}$-CD was efficient for cholesterol removal in whole egg, and recycling is possible for only limited repeating times due to the interaction of the ${\beta}$-CD and egg protein.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.222-228
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• 2009

Lupus is characterized by immunoregulatory abnormalities between T- and B-cells leading to autoantibody production and multiorgan injuries. We investigated whether bamboo culm extract (BC) ameliorates aberrant activation of T cells and B cells and attenuate production of IL-6 in pristane-induced lupus mice. Lupus was induced by i.p. a single injection of 0.5 ml of pristane in female BALB/c mice, which, later about 4 months, were used as a lupus model. The pristane-induced lupus mice and healthy mice were injected i.p. with BC 5 ${\mu}l$/kg or PBS once a day for 3 weeks. These results demonstrated that BC significantly decreased levels of serum and BAL IL-6 and production of IL-6 by macrophages with/without LPS, and downregulated expression of NKT cell and CD86+ CD45R/B220+, but not CD80+CD45R/B220+ and CD69+CD4+ in the splenocytes in pristaneinduced lupus mice. Moreover, BC greatly increased Con A-stimulated production of IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-${\gamma}$ by splenocytes obtained from pristane-induced lupus mice. Therefore, our findings suggest that BC may ameliorate lupus pathogenesis in pristane-induced lupus mice via downregulation of aberrant activation of NKT cells and B cells and inhibition of production of IL-6.