• 자원환경지질
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.283-299
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• 2001

공주시 금흥 생활쓰레기 매립지의 중간 복토재와 차수재에서 채취한 시료에 대해 0.1N HCI 용축, 전함량 분석 및 연속추출분석을 실시하여 As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, Ti와 Zn 함량을 ICP-AES로 분석하였다. 또한, 비교를 위해 오염되지 않은 토양과 퇴적물 시료를 분석하였다. 연속추출 결과, Cu는 유기물이 용해되는 단계에서 우세하였으며, As, Ni, Sr, Ba와 Mn은 이온교환단계에서 우세하였다. 대부분의 Zn와 Mn은 산화광물, 탄산염광물 및 규산염광물과 수반되었다. Cd와 Pb는 주로 산화광물과 유기물과 수반되었다. Co, Cr, Fe와 Ti의 주요 운반자는 규산염광물이었으며, 다음으로 중요한 운반자는 산화광물이었다. 중간복토재와 차수재 시료에서 유기물과 수반된 금속의 백분율은 Cu(48%)〉Ti(42%)〉Pb(27%)〉As(25%)〉Cd(20%)의 순이었다. 연속추출결과를 근거로 추정하면, 중간복토재와 차수재에 함유된 금속의 이동도는 다음과 같이 제시되었다. : Cd〉Sr〉Ni〉Mn〉Ba〉Cu〉Pb〉Zn〉〉Co〉Ti〉Fe〉Cr. 'Geoaccmulation index'와 'enrichment factor'에 근거하면, 금흥 매립지와 농경지에서 채취한 시료들은 Cu, Ni과 Cr의 오염수준이 의미가 있었다. 이들 원소의 농집은 오염에 기인하였다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.26-36
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• 2024

Purpose: We investigated the role of CD8⁺T cells as host immune factors in pediatric patients with Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Methods: Gastric mucosal tissue and blood samples were collected from 39 children, including 11 children with H. pylori infection and 28 children as controls. Anti-CD8 and anti-T-bet antibodies were used for immunohistochemistry of the gastric mucosa. For the cell surface and intracellular staining, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained with anti-IL7Rα, anti-CX3CR1, anti-CD8, anti-T-bet, and anti-IFN-γ antibodies. Cytokines of sera such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and CX3CL1 were analyzed using enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In the immunohistochemistry of gastric mucosa, the frequency of CD8⁺ and T-bet⁺ T cells cells was higher in the H. pylori-positive group than in the control group (26.9± 7.8% vs. 16.9±3.3%, p<0.001; 5.0±2.5% vs. 2.2±0.7%, p=0.001). Between the control and H. pylori-positive groups, the frequency of IL-7Rα^lowCX3CR1⁺ CD8⁺ and T-bet⁺ INF-γ⁺ CD8⁺ T cells were not significantly different between surface and intracellular staining, respectively (40.4±24.0% vs. 38.2±17.8%, p=0.914; 40.4±24.0% vs. 38.2±17.8%, p=0.914). In the ELISA, no significant differences in TNF-α and CX3CL1 concentrations were observed between the control and H. pylori-positive groups (34.3±12.1 pg/mL vs. 47.0±22.6 pg/mL, p=0.114/0.5± 0.1 pg/mL vs. 0.5±0.1 pg/mL, p=0.188). Conclusion: CD8⁺ T and Th1 cells, which secrete IFN-γ, might play important roles in the mucosal immunity of the stomach in children with H. pylori infection.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 1996

목적 : 암환자에서 방사선치료에 의한 면역기능의 저하에 대해서는 많은 보고가 되어 있다. 저자들은 방사선치료부위중 비교적 활동성 골수를 많이 포함하고 있는 흥부 및 골반강조사 직후 어느정도 면역력의 저하가 오는지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1995년 1월부터 1995년 4월까지 등록된 61 명의 환자중 48 명을 대상으로 분석 하였다. 이중 흉부(조사문, >$150cm^2$)에 방사선치료를 시행한 환자는 29명이었고 전골반강부에 방사선치료를 시행한 환자는 19명 이었다. 연령분포는 36세에서 73세 였으며 평균 및 중간값 모두 57세 였으며 남녀비는 1.3(27/21)이었다. 환자의 면역기능의 지표는 말초혈액검사에서 전혈구 및 감별혈구계산(CBC with D/C), 간기능검사, 신장기능검사 및 림프구아형검사(CD3, CD4, CD8, CDl6, CD56, CDl9)를 시행 하였으며, 검사시기는 방사선치료 직전과 4500 cGy - 5000 cGy 선량에서 동일 검사를 반복시행 하였으며, 1980cGy에서는 전혈구 및 감별혈구계산만 시행하였다. 결과 : 전체환자의 치료전 백혈구 총수는 7017이었으며 방사선치료직후 평균 4470으로 감소하였다(p=0.0000). 감별혈구계산에서는, 림프구수는 평균 2047 에서 537 로(p=0.0000) 로 감소하였고, 호중구, 호염구세포의 절대수도 통계학적으로 유의한 감소를 보였으나, 단핵세포는 변화가 없었으며, 호산구세포는 오히려 방사선치료후 증가하였으나 통계적인 의의는 없었다. 림프구아형에 대한 검사결과는, 모든아형의 절대수가 통계학적으로 유의한 감소를 보였으며, CD4/CD8비는 치료전 평균 1.09에서 0.99로 감소 하였으나 통계적인 유의성은 없었다. 전체 림프구에 대한 비율의 변화를 보면, B림프구(CD 19)는 감소하였으나, 그외 아형의 비율은 방사선치료후 변화를 보이지 않았다. 혈청면역글로불린은 초기 Ig, G, Ig A, Ig M 모두 정상값보다 눌은 수치였으며, 방사선치료에 따른 변화는 Ig M에서만이 통계적으로 유의한 감소를 보였으며, Ig G, A는유의한 변화가 없었다. 결론 : 흉부나 골반강부위의 방사선치료는 림프구의 급격한 저하를 초래하는 반면 단핵구등은 비교적 잘 유지 되었으며, 호산구는 오히려 증가 됨을 알수 있었으나, 인체의 면역과의 관계를 설명하기 위해서는 림프구의 기능변화가 함께 연구 되어져야 하겠다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.157-164
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• 1990

The purpose of this paper is to consider the inhomogeneous initial value problem (Fig.) in a Banach space X, where Z is the generator of an exponentially bounded C-semigroup in X, f9t) : [0, T].rarw.X and x.mem.X. Davies-Pang [1] showed the corresponding homogeneous equation, this is, the equation with f(t).iden.0, has a unique solution depending continuoously on the initial value x.mem.CD(z) in the $C^{-1}$-graph norm on CD(Z) when T=.inf..

• 정보보호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.89-102
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• 1996

ISO 7498-2 정보보호 구조에서는 컴퓨터 네트워크 구조에서의 안전성 문제를 해결하기 위하여 5가지의 기본적인 정보보호 서비스로 인증, 액세스 제어, 무결성, 기밀성, 부인-봉쇄를 정의하였다. 이 가운데 부인-봉쇄는 이미 발생한 통신 사실을 부인할 수 없도록 송수신자간의 통신 사실을 증명해 주는 서비스이다. 이 서비스에 대해 ISO/IEC JTC1/SC27에서는 현재 일반 모델에 대해서는 CD 13888-1로 대칭 암호화 알고리즘 이용에 대해서는 CD 13888-2로 규정 중에 있다. 본 고에서는 부인-봉쇄에 대한 개념을 살펴보고, 부인-봉쇄 메커니즘을 중심으로 부인-봉쇄 서비스에 대하여 고찰하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 1997

Effects of cadmium on growth and nitrogen fixation activity of Melilotus suaveolens, a biennial legume plant dominating in the area of poor soil were quantitatively analyzed during the growing period. Cadmium treatments of 10, 30 and 100 ppm resulted in 12, 22 and 35% inhibition of plant height and 14, 25 nd 26% reduction of chlorophyll contents of leaves, respectively. The plant biomass reduced 51, 70 and 89% for leaves, 33, 50 and 59% for stems, and 42, 52 and 70% for roots, respectively by 10, 30 and 100 ppm Cd treatments. Cadmium contents of roots treated with 10, 30 and 100 ppm Cd were 62, 112 and 183 folds higher than that of the control, respectively. Cadmium contents of stems were about 1/2.2 of those of roots, but leaves contained only 1/27.8 of those of roots. Cadmium treatments resulted in increase of T/R ratios and decrease of F/C ratios significantly in the later growth period. Nodule formation was reduced to 8% in 42 days by the treatment of 100 ppm Cd. Specific nitrogen fixation activity of nodules attained 61.0, 24.0, 1.6 and 0.7 mol $C_2H_4{\cdot}g$ fr wt $nodule^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ on 42nd day, respectively for 0, 10. 30 and 100 ppm of Cd treatments. Total amount of nitrogen fixation per plant reduced by 73, 98 and 99% with the treatments of 10, 30 and 100 ppm Cd.

• 정보관리연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.1-32
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• 1996

1990년대에 들어오면서 도서관에 데이터베이스 온라인탐색 및 CD-ROM탐색이 보편화되고 이러한 뉴미디어들은 이용자의 편의성 면에서, 도서관 경영적인 측면에서, 또는 소장공간의 효율적인 측면에서 볼 때 기존의 책자형 자료보다 도입효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 새로운 자료를 도입하거나, 시스템을 설계할 때 비용 대 효과를 객관적으로 평가하여야 하고, 구체적인 평가지침에 근거하여 일관성 있는 장서구성을 하여야 하므로 본 연구에서는 대외경제정책연구원 정보자료실을 모델로 하여 기존문헌, CD-ROM, 온라인탐색을 비교 평가하고자 한다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제22권1_2호
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• pp.15-20
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• 1979

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of cadmium(Cd), mercury(Hg) and lead(Pb) on the respiration of the germinating seeds. Two kinds of seeds namely, mungbean (Paseolus radiatus L.) and buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M ench) were used for the plant materials. The concentrations of Cd, Hg, and Pb applied for the treatment were 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1,000ppm. The germination test was carried out in the dark at 27$^{\circ}C$. Regardless of the kinds of heavy metals, the respiration of the germinating seeds was greatly increased for 24hrs absorbing the heavy metals, and subsequently the respiration was increased average 0.69mg/g.hr.CO2 for mungbean and 0.7mg/g.hr.CO2 for buckwheat. In the lower concentrations of cadmium and lead than 10ppm the germinating rates, seedling concentraitons. The germinating rates, the seedling growth and the respiration were not increased in ay concentrations of mercury, but were decreased with increase of the mercury concenration. The inhibition of seeds respiration by mercury was 3 times higher than by cadmium, and 5 times higher than that by lead. The toxicity of three heavy metals on the respiration was showed from the highest to the lowest in the order of Hg, Cd, and Pb.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.24-27
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• 2018

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare, clinically and genetically heterogeneous, multi-system developmental disorder caused by mutations in genes that encode components of the cohesin complex. X-linked CdLS caused by an SMC1A mutation is an extremely rare disease characterized by phenotypes milder than those of classic CdLS. In the Republic of Korea, based on a literature review, one family with SMC1A-related CdLS with mild phenotypes has been genetically confirmed to date. In this study, we describe the clinical features of a Korean boy with a hemizygous novel missense mutation and his mother with a heterozygous mutation, i.e., c.2447G>A (p.Arg816His) in SMC1A, identified by multi-gene panel sequencing. The proband had a mild phenotype with typical facial features and his mother exhibited a mild, subclinical phenotype. This study expands the clinical spectrum of patients with X-linked CdLS caused by SMC1A variants. Moreover, these findings reinforce the notion that a dominant negative effect in a carrier female with a heterozygous mutation in SMC1A results in a phenotype milder than that in a male patient with the same mutation.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.134-139
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• 1999

The distributions of Cd, Cu, and Zn concentration in soil treated with one (1988) or two (1988 and 1993) applications of sewage sludge at rates of 0, 25, 50, and $100Mg\;ha^{-1}$ (dry weight basis) were determined to assess the accumulation and mobility of the heavy metals. The heavy metals accumulated almost entirely in 0 to 15 cm soil depths. Small amounts of the metals moved out of the tillage zone (0-15 cm depth) into the subsoil, but even at the high rate of sewage sludge, little movement of heavy metals occurred below 100 cm depth. The water-extractable Cd, Cu, and Zn concentrations were very low regardless of the rate of sewage sludge application. Availability of metals as determined by DTPA extraction showed the percentage of DTPA-extractable/total concentration increased with sewage sludge application. In the 0-15 cm depth of sewage sludge treated soil, the percentage of DTPA-extractable/total concentration was higher than 46% for Cd, but the value was less than 27% and 17% for Cu and Zn, respectively. The Cd, Cu, and Zn added to this calcareous clay soil by sewage sludge application were not very mobile, and the amount of plant available form was very small.