• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2002년도 International Symposium
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• pp.183-199
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• 2002

Reliability.The reliability strongly depended on the CTE of underfill resin..The fractured portion was identical with the maximum plastic equivalent strain..1 % or less value of the maximum plastic equivalent strain certified more than 1000 cycle of TCT life. UFB.Bonding accuracy was confirmed within2$2{\mu}{\textrm}{m}$..The fundamental bondability of UFB was confirmed with no damage around aluminum pads. Some dislocations and vacancies were observed at the interface, however, the atomic level bonding was confirmed. CBB.Dry process was applied to UBM removal.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.319-326
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• 2003

In this paper, we obtain the optimal condition of the curvature bounds guaranteeing that Euclidean cones over Aleksandrov spaces of curvature bounded above preserve the curvature bounds, by considering the Euclidean cone CS$_{r}$ $^{n}$ over n-dimensional sphere S$_{r}$ $^{n}$ of radius r. More precisely, we show that for r<1, the Euclidean cone CS$_{r}$ $^{n}$ of S$_{r}$ $^{n}$ is a CBB(0) space, but not a CBA($textsc{k}$)-space for any real $textsc{k}$$\in$R.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.121-125
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• 1991

This study designs to investigate effects of onion diet on carbon tetrachloride toxicity of rats. Experiments were performed with week's feeding, body weight, food intake, ratio of orgen weight/dody weight, serum lipid levels, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and malondialdehyde(MDA) content in liver and kidney were determined. The content of serum total cholesterol in each group were lower than those of control group(p<0.05), especially at onion juice treated group. Serum HDL-cholesterol level of CBB and CBJ groups was significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05). Superoxide dismutase activities of liver and kidney were significantly increased by carbon tetrachloride treatment and decreased by onion feeding. MDA contents in liver and kidney of CCl4 treated rats were significantly decreased by boiled and fresh onion fed group, compared with CCl4 treated control group. This result suggested that onion diet has a protective effect of CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of rat.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2024

Effect of climate change on the agricultural sector has been predicted and studied, including its effects on coffee cultivation. Climate change can directly impact coffee production or indirectly influence it through its effects on coffee pests. In Indonesia, coffee is a critical export commodity. Climate change can have a large effect on many farmers if it is not addressed appropriately. This study summarizes several studies and data on how climate change affects coffee production and the coffee berry borer (CBB; Hypothenemus hampei) pest in Indonesia. Adaptation plans that can be employed to mitigate impacts of climate change are also summarized.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2013

수수 종자의 품종 간 특이적으로 발현하는 단백질을 동정하여 기능성 유전자를 확보하고 이들 유전자를 이용하여 수수의 기능성 강화 및 품종 판별 기술 개발을 위한 유용 유전자를 확보하고자 프로테오믹스 기법을 이용하여 수수 종자로부터 단백질을 추출하였다. 추출한 단백질을 이차원전기영동후, colloidal CBB 염색을 통해 품종 별로 발현에 차이를 보이는 단백질을 분석하였다. 총 652 개의 spot들 중에 8개의 단백질 spot들이 발현 정도에 변화를 보였으며, 이들 단백질을 MALDI-TOF/TOF MS와 MASCOT database를 통해 동정한 결과, RNA metabolism (spot 1, spot 4) HSP (spot 2), 저장 단백질 (spot 3, spot 5, spot 6), 산화-환원 (spot 8) 관련 단백질 등이 동정되었다. 특히 동정된 단백질은 주로 흰찰수수 (WCS)에서 발현 정도가 높게 나오는 경향을 보였으며, 흰찰수수 (WCS)에서 유일하게 발현 되는 단백질로 Cupin family protein, Gloubulin 등이 동정되었다. DEAD-box helicase는 흰찰수수 (WCS)를 제외한 나머지 세 품종에서 발현되었다. Ribonuclease T2와 Aldo-Keto reductase는 대풍수수 (DPS)를 제외한 나머지 세 품종에서 발현되었다. HSPs는 토종수수 (TJS)에서만 발현 되는 것을 확인하였다. 이들 동정된 단백질들은 수수의 품종 별 특성을 이해하는데 중요한 단서를 제공할 것으로 예측된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.522-529
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• 2016

클린라이스의 제조방식에 따른 품질 특성을 제시 및 비교하기 위하여 건식, 반건식, 가수정미방식으로 각각 제조하여 품질 특성에 대해 연구하였다. 건식 제조방식에서 도정도를 변화시키며 백도에 따른 CBB index, 탁도, 건고물량의 변화를 고찰하였다. 건식 방식에서 백도가 증가할수록 호분층이 완전히 제거되어 CBB index와 탁도는 감소하였고 우수한 클린라이스 품질을 나타내었으나, 높은 백도는 과도한 중량 감소로 수율이 낮아지게 되므로 백도 42 이하로 도정할 필요가 있다. 건식, 반건식, 가수정미방식의 품질을 비교하기 위해 건식, 반건식에서는 백도 39, 40, 41, 42 수준으로 가공하였고, 가수정미방식은 건식에서 제조된 시료를 사용하여 수세 및 건조하였으며, 백도에 따른 품질 특성을 측정하였다. 도정이 진행될수록 곡물온도가 상승하고, 강도가 저하하여 싸라기 발생량이 증가하는데, 도정, 수세와 건조의 여러 과정을 거치는 가수정미방식이 싸라기 발생량이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 반건식이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 국내 탁도 품질기준안 16.0 NTU를 클린라이스의 기준으로 하였으며, 건식과 반건식에서는 백도 42에서 만족하였으며, 가수정미방식에서는 39~42 범위의 모든 백도에서 만족하였다. 백도 16.0 NTU를 만족하는 각 제조방식의 백도에서 완전미수율을 비교하였을 때, 백도 40의 가수정미방식에서 완전미수율은 백도 42의 건식 방식보다 1.4% 높게 나타났으며, 백도 39의 가수정미방식에서 완전미수율은 백도 42의 건식 방식보다 3.0% 높게 나타났다. 그러나 가수정미방식은 저장성이 떨어지기 때문에 높은 저장성이 요구될 경우 반건식 방식이 유리하며, 백도 39~42에서 건식보다 평균 2.2% 높은 완전미수율을 나타냈다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제33권4호통권132호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2005

백색부후균 Phanerochaete chrysosporium으로부터 유래한 Manganese peroxidase (mnp5)를 methylotrophic yeast인 Pichia pastoris에서 이종 발현을 하였다. 이종발현으로부터 얻어진 단백질은 클로닝으로부터 예상되어지는 분자량보다 높은 분자량인 45 kDa으로 나타났다. 이것은 mnp5가 가지고 있는 glycosylation site에 의한 것이며, N-linked hyperglycosylation이 효소 활성에 영향을 미치는지를 site direct mutation에 의해 확인하였다. Sodium dodesyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)와 Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) 염색에 의해 분자량을 확인한 결과 약 37 kDa으로 나타났으며, 효소활성을 측정한 결과 glycosylation이 효소 활성에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구로부터 P. pastoris에서 mnp5의 이종발현이 성공적으로 이루어졌으며 이러한 결과로부터 heme을 포함하고 있는 단백질의 이종발현 생산의 가능성을 보여주었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1666-1673
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• 2011

The presence of sialoglycoproteins (SGPs) in the membranes from goat (Capra aegagrus hircus), buffalo (Bubalus bubalis bubalis) and pig (Sus scrofa domestica) erythrocytes was investigated by partial purification with a chloroform-methanol extraction method followed by Sodium dodecyl sulphate - Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in comparison to human (Homo sapiens) erythrocytes. The results show that mammalian erythrocytes possess clear differences in the SGPs numbers and molecular weights although all animals studied in this experiment are from the same class i.e. mammalia. The SGPs number in human, goat, buffalo and pig are four (PAS-1 to PAS-4), ten (PAS-GI to PAS-GX), seven (PAS-BI to PAS-BVII) and four (PAS-PI to PAS-IV) respectively as indicated by staining the polyacrylamide gel with sialoglycoprotein-specific Periodic acid-Schiff's (PAS) stain. The new SGPs could be observed only after the partial purification of membrane fractions named as PAS-HI with molecular weight (Mr) 190 kDa and PAS-HII 150 kDa in human, PAS-BIA in buffalo and PAS-PIA and PAS-PIVA in pig. The gels were also stained with Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) and Silver stain to check the contamination of other membrane proteins in the purified fractions. The quantitative distribution of SGPs was also determined by densitometry. Present study indicates that there are some basic differences in mammalian erythrocyte membrane SGPs, especially with respect to their number and molecular weights indicating major structural variations.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.122-122
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• 2017

Wheat wild relatives that have never been domesticated contained useful genetic resources such as the resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Leymus racemosus is one of the wild species. It can grow in a harsh environment like seaside and distribute by healthy rhizomes. Also, it has a useful genetic resource such as salt tolerance and different diseases resistance. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chinese Spring; CS) was crossed with L. racemosus. Wheat-L. racemosus disomic addition lines were produced. The purpose of this study is to identify protein expression in each disomic addition line compared to CS. We performed two-dimensional electrophoresis. Two-dimensional gels stained with coomassie brilliant blue (CBB), a total of 1566 differentially expressed proteins were identified by Progenesis Same Spots software from the cultivars. However, a total of 90 protein spots were identified to be either present or absent or showing significantly differential expression when the difference threshold was set to more than 1.5 fold. However, out of the 90 differentially protein spots, a total of 74 spots were sorted for mass spectrometry analysis. The identified proteins may provide important clues for better understanding the molecular changes in the chromosomes carrying Leymus racemosus.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.131-131
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• 2017

Though the Platycodon grandiflorum, has a broad range of pharmacologic properties, but the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. In order to profile proteins from the nodal segment, callus, root and shoot, high throughput proteome approach was executed in the present study. Two-dimensional gels stained with CBB, a total of 84 differential expressed proteins were confirmed out of 839 protein spots using image analysis by Progenesis SameSpot software. Out of total differential expressed spots, 58 differential expressed protein spots (${\geq}2-fold$) were analyzed using MASCOT search engine according to the similarity of sequences with previously characterized proteins along with the UniProt database. Out of 58 differential expressed protein, 32 protein spots were up-regulated such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, endoplasmic oxidoreductin-1, heat stress transcription factor A3, RNA pseudourine synthase 4, cysteine proteinase, GntR family transcriptional regulator, E3 xyloglucan 6-xylosyltransferase, while 26 differential protein spots were down-regulated such as L-ascorbate oxidase precursor, late embryogenesis abundant protein D-34, putative SCO1 protein, oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 3. However, the frequency distribution of identified proteins using iProClass databases, and assignment by function based on gene ontology revealed that the identified proteins from the explants were mainly associated with the nucleic acid binding (17%), transferase activity (14%) and ion binding (12%). Taken together, the protein profile may provide insight clues for better understanding the characteristics of proteins and its metabolic activities in various explants of this essential medicinal plant P. grandiflorum.