• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.70-74
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• 1999

MgO-CaO protective layers with various composition were prepared by electron beam evaporation to improve the characteristics of conventional pure MgO thin films as a protective layer for AC-PDP. The maximum deposition rate of pure MgO was 1025 $\AA$/min and decreased with increasing [(CaO/(MgO+CaO)] ratio of evaporation starting materials. From XRD analyses, a trend of peak shift to the lower 2$\theta$ angle side was shown as CaO content increased and it stoped when the concentration of CaO was 0.13, which corresponds to the maximum solubility of CaO in MgO. The optimum composition of the protective thin films was Mg 47.1 at%, Ca 1.3 at%, O 51.6 at%, and firing voltage, memory margin and deposition rate of the film with this composition was 176 V, 0.5 and 515 $\AA$/min, respectively.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.298-305
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• 2011

This study was conducted to enhance the stem firmness of standard chrysanthemum 'Baekma' bred in Korea for commercial quality improvement and inhibition of stem breaking during transportation through foliar spray with calcium agents. Calcium agent screening 'Baekma' was examined using $CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$, $Ca(NO_3)_2{\cdot}4H_2O$, and OS-Ca (natural liquid calcium compounds extracted from oyster shell) depending on each concentration (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0%, respectively). All calcium agents sprayed with 1.0% caused chemical injury such as stem bending or leaf burn. OS-Ca also showed more sensitive response to chemical injury than the other calcium agents because OS-Ca was absorbed very well by 'Baekma' leaves. Maximum stem firmness measured during the final harvest was greater in OS-Ca than in the other calcium agents. Especially, maximum stem firmness was greatest in 0.01% OS-Ca. However, elastic strength and maximum bending stress were greater in 0.001% OS-Ca than in the others. Thus, OS-Ca ranged from 0.005 to 0.05%, which did not show any chemical injury, was finally selected as the first candidate for hardening the stem of 'Baekma'. The next experiment using OS-Ca was conducted with the concentrations of 0, 0.005, 0.01, and 0.05%, respectively. From the results, 0.05% OS-Ca showed better plant growth and parameters such as plant height, stem diameter (upper and middle part), the number of leaves, and dry weights of each part than the other concentrations of OS-Ca and control. As for stem firmness depending on OS-Ca concentration, the Ca content within stem, maximum firmness, elastic strength, and maximum bending stress of stem in 'Baekma' sprayed with 0.05% OS-Ca showed the highest values among all the treatments and it turned out to be very high level of significance between control and OS-Ca treatments. However, the area and percentage of the inside cavity within horizontal stem section in 'Baekma' did not show any significance between any treatments including control. Thus, stem firmness of 'Baekma' did not show any correlation with the inside cavity area of stem. In conclusion, we recommend foliar sprays with 0.05% OS-Ca at vegetative growth stage to enhance stem firmness of 'Baekma' during transportation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.433-439
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• 2001

Intakes and excretions of calcium and phosphorus were determined for 8 female adolescents(aged 16.3$\pm$0.5y; body mass index 20.4$\pm$1.3kg/$m^2$; body fat 33.3$\pm$2.5%; bone mineral density of lumbar spine in L2-L4; 0.96$\pm$0.08g/$\textrm{cm}^2$) when they consumed diets basal and high in calcium for 6 days each. All subjects consumed a basal Ca diet containing 800mg, Korean RDA level of the subjects, and a high Ca diet containing 1200mg, RDA plus 2 SDs of calcium intake. The diets provided 58% of energy intake as carbohydrate, 25% as fat, and 17% as protein. Food, urine, and fecal composites were collected during the last 3 days of each feeding period. Fecal excretion of calcium was significantly greater on the high Ca than on the basal Ca diet. Hence, apparent absorption rate was significantly lowered from 40.9% on the basal Ca diet to 33.1% on the high Ca diet. There was no significant difference in calcium retention between the two diet periods but it tended to be greater on the high Ca diet. However, excretions and retention of phosphorus did not show any significant difference even though intake was significantly increased from 1,253mg on the basal Ca diet to 1,583mg on the high Ca diet. The results indicate that higher calcium intake than the Korean RDA level is recommended for adolescents to meet peak bone mineral accretion and attain a desirable level of calcium retention. (Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 433~439, 2001)

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.217-220
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• 2006

The effects of $(1R,9S)-\beta-hydrastine$ hydrochloride (BHSH) on $Ca^{2+}$ transport in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells were investigated. In the presence of external $Ca^{2+}$, BHSH at $100{\mu}M$ inhibited $K^+$ (56mM)-induced dopamine release, and $K^+-induced$ $Ca^{2+}$ influx and a sustained rise of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$. In addition, BHSH at 100 f.!M reduced the sustained rise of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ elicited by 20 mM caffeine, but not by $1{\mu}M$ thapsigargin, in presence of external $Ca^{2+}$. These results suggest that BHSH inhibited $K^+-induced$ dopamine release and $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ influx, and store-operated $Ca^{2+}$ channels activated by caffeine, but not by thapsigargin, in PC12 cells.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.547-550
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• 1999

Optical and electrical properties of MgO-CaO films as a protective layer for AC plasma display panel were studied. When the [(CaO/(MgO+CaO)] ratio of evaporation starting materials was optimum composition, 0.1, firing voltage and memory margin of the film were 176V and 0.5, respectively. When [CaO/(CaO+MgO)] was 0, 0.1 and 0.2, memory margin was 0.39, 0.5 and 0.41, respectively, and surface roughness of films was $27.7\AA$, $21.1\AA$ and $40.3\AA$, respectively. It was thought that memory margin had a reverse-relation with surface roughness. The density of film was calculated by measuring the refractive index of film. The density of MgO film was 3.21g/㎤ and the density of film, when [CaO/(CaO+MgO)] was 0.1, was 3.632g/㎤. The mixture of MgO-CaO films showed a good transmittance property in the visual range.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.25-30
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• 2004

Linear cellular automata(CA) which generate maximum-length cycles, have wide applications in generation of pseudo-random patterns, signature analysis, cryptography and error correcting codes etc. Linear CA whose characteristic polynomial is primitive has been studied. In this paper Ive propose a effective method for generation of a variety of maximum-length CA(MLCA). And we show that the complemented CA's derived from a linear MLCA are all MLCA. Also we analyze the Properties of complemented MLCA. And we prove that the number of n-cell MLCA is ${\phi}(2^{n}-1)2^{n+1}$/n.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.678-682
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• 2001

복합 페롭스카이트(P $b_{1-x}$C $a_{x}$)(C $a_{1}$3/N $b_{2}$3/) $O_3$(0.6$\leq$x$\leq$0.8) 세라믹스의 마이크로파 유전특성과 결합원자가사이의 관계에 대하여 고찰하였다. 유전상수(K)는 Ca 치환량이 증가함에 따라 A-자리의 이온반경 세제곱에 비례하여 감소하며, Qf 값은 증가하였다. Ca 치환량이 증가함에 따라 관찰된 이온분극률($\alpha$$_{obs}$)과 이론적인 이온분극률($\alpha$$_{theo}$) 사이의 편차는 3.47%에서 6.37%로 증가하였다. 이는 A-자리 결합원자가의 감소에 따른 결합강도의 감소로 해석하였다. 소결시편의 공진주파수의 온도계수(TCF)는 AB $O_3$페롭스카이트 화합물의 A-자리 결합원자가에 의존하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.412-419
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• 2004

To investigate the utilization of calcium lactates (CaL) as coagulants for tofu manufacture, the quality characteristics and shelf-life of tofu made by CaL-P (black snail powder) and CaL-A (black snail ash) were investigated and compared to calcium chloride (CC), magnesium chloride (MC), calcium sulfate (CS ) and standard calcium lactate (CaL-S). And also, total microbe and turbidity of the tofu were determined during storage at 1$0^{\circ}C$. Coagulation ability of CaL-A was the highest, and the ability of CaL-P was higher than that of CaL-S. Yield of CaL-A tofu was similar to those of CS and CC tofu, while the yield of CaL-P tofu was 50% compared to that of CC. L＊ value of CaL-P tofu was lower, but a＊ and b＊ values were higher than those of other tofus. The hardness of tofu showed in the order of CaL-S>CS>CC>CaL-P>MC>CaL-A, while the cohesiveness showed in the order of MC>CaL-S>CC>CS>CaL-P>CaL-A. Calcium contents were 57 mg% in MC tofu, 174 mg% in CS tofu, 116 mg% in CaL-S tofu, 95 mg% in CaL-A tofu and 172 mg% in CaL-P tofu. From the results of microscopic observations, the lower hardness showed the more soft and the smaller particle. The particle of CaL-A tofu was small and uniformity but the size of CaL-P and CC tofu showed coarse. Sensory quality of CaL-P and -A tofu were better than the other tofu evaluated by texture, springiness, flavor and overall taste. The shelf-life estimated by total microbe was 4∼6 days in CC, MC, CS, CaL-S and CaL-A tofu, but 8 days in CaL-P tofu at 1$0^{\circ}C$. From the above results, the CaL-P and -A may believe to use as coagulant for tofu manufacture due to its softened taste and enhanced shelf-life, and higher calcium content which has higher absorbability in human body.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.415-421
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• 2015

Ca is material to used in Chinese cabbage (Brasica rapa L. spp. pekinensis). The variation of inorganic ions and GSLs in Chinese cabbage cultivated to control additional Ca contents in slaked lime. The additional fertilizer of slaked lime differ four grade that 0 g (Ca-0), 0.28 g (Ca-1), 0.56 g (Ca-2), 0.84 g (Ca-3) are week intervals with a total of 8 times after transplanting. Inorganic ions in Chinese cabbage ('Bulam plus') were analyzed to use inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectometry(ICP). The more additional slaked lime input, the more almost macronutrients contents were high except Ca. Ca contents were higher in Ca-0 (153.10) and lower in Ca-3 (130.55 mg/kg dry weight, DW). GSLs were identified based on peak retention time in previous results of our laboratory. Seven GSLs including two aliphatic (gluconapin, glucobrassicanapin), one aromatic (gluconasturtiin), four indolyl (glucobrassicin, neoglucobrassicin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin, 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin) were detected using HPLC. Progoitrin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin, and gluconasturtiin contents increased in proportion to the input in additional slaked lime. Total GSLs contents were Ca-0 (11.95), Ca-1 (17.02), Ca-2 (19.63), Ca-3 ($17.11{\mu}mol/g$ dry weight, DW). Total Ca and GSLs contents (Ca-1,2,3; mean 17.92) are higher than non treatment (Ca-0; $11.95{\mu}mol/g$ DW).

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.327-333
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• 1999

Controlled Ca impurity implanted inner crack-like pore in the high purity alumina bi-crystal had been created by micro-fabrication technique, which includes ion implantation, photo-lithography, Ar ion milling, and hot press. The morphological change and the growth od crystals formed by heat treatment in Ca doped high purity single crystal alumina, were observed using optical microscopy. The dot was developed and hexagon like crystal appeared on inner surface of crack-like pore after heat treatment. Bar type crystals, probably CaO . $6Al_2O_3$, were observed on the inner surface of 100ppm Ca implanted specimen after 1 hour heat treatment at $1,500^{\circ}C$, but this bar type crystal disappeared after 1 hour heat treatment at $1,600^{\circ}C$. This disappearance means that there should be little increase of Ca solubility limit to alumina and/or changes of diffusion coefficient of Ca in alumina around this temperature.