• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 1997

Inhibitory effects of kimchi extracts on arcinogen-induced cytotoxicity and transformation in C3H/10T1/2 cells were studied. The methanol extract (500㎍/ml) of fresh (unfermented kimchi), and 3-week-fermented kimchi (properly ripened kimchi at 5℃) inhibited 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced cytotoxicity in C3H/10T1/2 cells by 84 and 99%, respectively. The inhibitory effect of 3-week-fermented kimchi was higher than that of the fresh kimchi at same test condition. The methanol soluble fraction, and haxane extract of 3-week fermented kimchi also surpressed the cytotoxicity of FC3H/10T1/2 cells mediated by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene(DMBA) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG). Furthermore, MCA-induced transformation of C3H/10T/1/2 cells was significantly inhibited by the methanol soluble fraction of 3-week fermented kimchi. With these results, we suggest that kimchi might have anticarcinogenic effect in part due to inhibition of carcinogen-induced cytotoxicity and transformation of C3H/10T/1/2 cells.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2022

The phase transition temperatures of CsCoCl₃·2H₂O crystals are investigated via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Three endothermic peaks at temperatures of 370 K (=T_C1), 390 K (=T_C2), and 416 K (=T_C3) were observed for phase transitions from CsCoCl₃·2H₂O to CsCoCl₃·1.5H₂O, to CsCoCl₃·H₂O, and then to CsCoCl₃·0.5H₂O, respectively. In addition, the spin-lattice relaxation time T_1ρ in the rotating frame and T₁ in the laboratory frame as well as changes in chemical shifts for ¹H and ¹³³Cs near T_C1 were found to be temperature dependent. Our analyses results indicated that the changes of chemical shifts, T_1ρ, and T₁ are associated with structural phase transitions near temperature T_C1. The changes of chemical shifts, T_1ρ, and T₁ near T_C1 were associated with structural phase transitions, owing to the changes in the symmetry of the structure formed of H₂O and Cs⁺ ions. Consequently, the structural symmetry in CsCoCl₃·2H₂O crystals based on temperature is discussed by the environments of their H and Cs nuclei.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.255-259
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• 1999

The anticarcinogenic effects of the methanol extracts from leek (buchu in Korean) kimchi and Korean cabbage kimchi were evaluated using cytotoxicity and transformation tests in C3H/10T1/2 cells. Various fractions of the 6-day fermented leek kimchi at 15$^{\circ}C$, hexane, methanol soluble, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fraction, were also studied in the same system. The inhibitory effect of the leek kimchi(6-day fermented at 15$^{\circ}C$, pH 4.29) was higher than that of the Korean cabbage kimchi(4-day fermented at 15$^{\circ}C$, pH 4.21) on the cytotoxicity induced by 3-methylcholanthrane (MCA) in the C3H/10T1/2 cell system. While the MCA-treated culture(control) formed 21.0 foci of type II plus III in C3H/10T1/2 cells, 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of the methanol extract of the leek kimchi and that of the 4-day fermented Korean cabbage kimchi treated cultures reduced the formation of type II plus III foci to 7.4 and 11.3, respectively. Among the fractions of the leek kimchi, the dichloromethane fraction showed the highest inhibitory effect on MCA-induced cytotoxicity in C3H/10T1/2 cells. Fifty $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of dichloromethane fraction from the leek kimchi suppressed the MCA-induced cytotoxicity by 77%. On the transformation test using MCA, the dichloromethane fraction considerably reduced the formation of type II plus III foci, especially thpe III foci. When 50$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of dichloromethane fraction from the leek kimchi was treated, the numbers of type III foci mediated by MCA were decreased to 1.7 compared to 10 for the control. These results indicate that leek kimchi has stronger anticarcinogenic effects than Korean cabbage kimchi and that the dichloromethane fraction of the leek kimchi may contain the major compound(s) that suppress the carcinogenesis in the eukaryotic cells.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.193-195
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• 1970

The cultural conditions of the osmophilic yeasts for higher concentration of NaCl selected in the previous report were examined and the results obtained were as follows. 1) The strain $T_3\;and\;T_8$ were grown exceedingly well on the media containing 15 percent of NaCl and $T_5\;and\;T_9,\;T_{10}\;and\;T_{11}$ on the media containing 5 percent of NaCl. 2) The optimum temperature for growth of the strain $T_3\;and\;T_5$ was $30^{\circ}C,\;T_8\;T_{10}$ and $T_{11}\;was\;25^{\circ}C\;and\;T_9\;was\;35^{\circ}C.$ 3) Their lethal temperature was $60^{\circ}C$ (treatment for 10 minutes). 4) The optimum pH for growth of the strain $T_3\;and\;T_8$ was pH 4.0, $T_5$ was pH 6.0 and $T_9\;T_9\;and\;T_{11}$ was pH 5.0, respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.102-105
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• 1987

2-Methoxy-6-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran ($1_a$), 2-ethoxy-3,6-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran ($1_b$), and 2-ethoxy-3-methyl-6-ethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran ($1_c$) were prepared by (4 + 2) cycloaddition reaction from the corresponding vinyl ketones and alkyl vinyl ethers. Compounds $1_{a-c}$ were ring-open polymerized by cationic catalyst to obtain alternating head-to-head (H-H) copolymers. For comparison, copolymer of head-to-tail (H-T) was also prepared by free radical copolymerization of the mixture of the corresponding monomers. The H-H copolymer exhibited some differences in its $^1H$ NMR and IR spectra. However, significant differences were showed between the H-H and H-T copolymers in the $^{13}C$ NMR spectra. Also noteworthy was that$T_g$ value of H-H copolymer was higher than that of the corresponding H-T structure. Decomposition temperature of the H-H copolymer was lower than that of the H-T copolymer. All the H-H and H-T copolymers were soluble in common solvents.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.185-189
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• 1987

Reactions of $Ir(ClO)_4(CO)(PPh_3)_2$ with dicyano olefins, cis-NCCH = CH$CH_2$$CH_2$CN (cDC1B), trans-NCCH = CH$CH_2$$CH_2$CN (tDC1B), trans-NC$CH_2$CH = CH$CH_2$CN (tDC2B), and NC$CH_2$$CH_2$$CH_2$$CH_2$CN (DCB) produce binuclear dicationic iridium (I) complexes, $[(CO)(PPh_3)_2Ir-NC-A-CN-Ir(PPh_3)_2(CO)](ClO_4)_2$ (NC-A-CN = cDC1B (1a), tDC1B (1b), tDC2B (1c), DCB (1d)). Complexes 1a-1d react with hydrogen to give binuclear dicationic tetrahydrido iridium (Ⅲ ) complexes, $[(CO)(PPh_3)_2(H)_2Ir-NC-A-CN-Ir(H)_2(PPh_3)_2(CO)](ClO_4)_2$ (NC-A-CN = cDC1B (2a), tDC1B (2b), tDC2B (2c), DCB (2d)). Complexes 2a and 2b catalyze the hydrogenation of cDC1B and tDC1B, respectively to give DCB, while the complex 2c is catalytically active for the isomerization of tDC2B to give cDC1B and tDC1B and the hydrogenation of tDC2B to give DCB at $100^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.384-392
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• 1995

Steady-state sublimation vapour pressures of anhydrous bismuth trichloride have been measured by the continuous gravimetric Knudsen effusion method from 370.6 to 488.8 K. Additional effusion measurements have also been made from 438.2 to 495.7 K by the torsion effusion method. Based on a correlation of ${\Delta}_H0298$.15 and ${\Delta}_H0298$.15, a recommended p(T) equation has been obtained for BiCl3(s); log(p/Pa)=－C/(T/K)－2.838log(T/K)－8.097${\times}$10-2(K/T)2＋22.588, where p is in Pa, T in Kelvin and ${\Delta}_H0298$.15 in kJmo1-1 and C=(${\Delta}_H0298$.15＋5.9988)/1.9146${\times}$10-2. Condensation coefficients and their temperature dependence have been derived from the effusion measurements.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.861-870
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• 2006

This study was conducted to examine the effects of supplementing coated vitamin C+E with cottonseed on rumen fermentation and body weight gain, blood metabolites and hormone concentrations in Hanwoo steers fed fermented feedstuff. Experiments were done with two treatment groups, T1 without any supplements and T2 supplemented with coated vitamin C+E and cottonseed. Ruminal pH was lower in T2 than in T1 at 3h after morning feeding (p<0.05), but was higher in T2 than in T1 at 6 and 9h after morning feeding (p<0.05). Ruminal ammonia concentration was higher in T2 than in T1 for 12h after morning feeding (p<0.05). Concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate and total-VFA were higher in T2 than in T1 at 3h after morning feeding (p<0.05), but were lower in T2 than in T1 at 9 and 12h after morning feeding (p<0.05). Average daily gain and concentrations of blood metabolites and hormones between T1 and T2 were similar. Results indicate that supplementation of coated vitamin C+E and cottonseed to fermented feedstuff affects on ruminal pH, ammonia and VFA. But it has no influences on body weight gain and concentrations of blood metabolites and hormones in Hanwoo steers.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.90-96
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• 1997

We have studied crystallographic and magnetic properties of $NdFe_{10.7}Ti_ {1.2}Mo_{0.1}$ by Mossbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The alloys were prepared by arc-melting under an argon atmosphere. The $NdFe_{10.7}Ti_{1.2}Mo_{0.1}$ has pure a single phase, whereas $NdFe_{10.7}Ti_{1.3}$ contains some $\alpha$-Fe, conformed with X-ray diffractometry and Mossbauer measurements. The $NdFe_{10.7}Ti_ {1.2}Mo_{0.1}$ has a $ThMn_{12}-type$ tetragonal structure with $a_0=8.637{\AA}$ and $c_0=4.807{\AA}$. The Curie temperature ($T_c$) is 600 K from the result of Mossbauer measurement performed at various temperatures ranging from 13 to 800 K. Each spectrum of below $T_c$ is fitted with five subspectra of Fe sites in the structure ($8i_1, 8i_2, 8j_2, 8j_1, 8f$). The area fractions of the subspectra at room temperature are 12.3%, 14.0%, 21.0% 11.8%, 40.9%, respectively. Magnetic hyperfine fields for the Fe sites decrease in the order, $H_{hf}(8i)>H_{hf}(8j)>H_{hf}(8f)$. The abrupt changes in the magnetic hyperfine field, an magnetic moment observed at about 160 K in $NdFe_ {10.7} Ti_{1.2}Mo_{0.1}$ are attributed to spin reorientations. The average hyperfine field of the $NdFe_{10.7}Ti_{1.2}Mo_{0.1}$ shows a temperature dependence of $[H_{hf}(T)-H_{hf}(0)]/H_{hf}(0)=-0.34(T/T_C)^{3/2}-0.14(T/T_C)^{5/2}$ for $T/T_c<0.7$, indicative of spin wave excitation. The Debye temperatures of $NdFe_{10.7}Ti_{1.2}Mo_{0.1}$ is found to be Θ=340$\pm$5 K.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 1998

Antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects of alginic acids extracted from sea mustard(SM) and sporophyII of sea mustard(SSM) were studied by Salmonella typhimurium assay system and cytotoxicity and transformation tests using C3H/10T1/2 cells, respectively. alginic acid-SM andalginic acid-SSM showed antimutagenic effects on aflatoxin B1(AFB1)and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain. The antimutagenic effect showed concentration dependent manner. At the 2.5mg/plate concentration , alginic acid-SSM exhibited 92% antimutagenicity against AFB1 ,while alginic acid-SM revealed 54% antimutagenictity ,s howing effectiveness of the alginic acid-SSM for the antimutagenicity. Alginic acidSSm also significantly decreased the cytotoxicity induced by 3-methylcholanthrene(MCA) and MNNG in C3H/10T1/2 cells (p<0.05). The type II and type IIItransformation foci formation by MCA and MNNG were also decreased when the alginic acid-SSM was treated, indicating that the alginic acid -SSM reduces the carcinogenesis induced by these carcinogens. The MCA-treated culture produced 10.5foci of type II +III in C3H/10T1/2 cells, however, MCA + 0.2mg/ml alginic acid-SSM treated culture formed only 1.8 foci of the types II + III in C3H/10T1/2 cells, however , MCA+0.2mg/ml alginic acid -SSM treated culture formed only 1.8 foci of the types II+ III(p<0.05). While MNNG-treated culture formed 13.0 foci, MNNG + 0.2mg/ml alginic acid -SSM treated one produced 3.0 foci of type II+III(p<0.05). These results suggest that alginic acid-SSM can effectively prevent the mutagenicities and also decrease cytotoxicity and transformation induced by some carcinogens.