• 한국균학회지
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• 제23권3호통권74호
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• pp.226-231
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• 1995

팽이버섯은 최근(最近)에 생산(生産)과 소비(消費)가 촉진(促進)되어 재배면적(栽培面積)이 급증(急增)하고 있는데 이에 소요되는 재배용(栽培用) 톱밥배지(培地) 제조시(製造時)에 부화장(孵化場) 부산물(副産物)인 계란껍질의 첨가효과(添加效果)를 구명(究明)하기 위하여 몇 가지 시험(試驗)을 수행한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 배지재료(培地材料)의 화학적(化學的) 성질 중 계란껍질은 전탄소(全炭素) 20.7%, 전질소(全窒素) 0.81%이고 인과 칼슘함량은 2,530 ppm과 44.37%로 톱밥보다 많았다. 2. 배지재료 배합시 계란껍질을 첨가하면 균사생장(菌絲生長) 및 초발용소요일수(初發茸所要日數)는 무처리구(無處理區)와 차이가 없었으나 수량(收量)이 증수(增收)되는 경향이었으며 특히 계란껍질을 15% 첨가할 때 자실체(子實體) 수량(收量)이 23% 정도 증수(增收)되었다. 그러나 20% 이상 첨가시는 수량이 감소되는 경향이 있다. 3. 팽이버섯 품질(品質)은 계란껍질 $5{\sim}15%$ 첨가시 버섯 대길이 12.8 cm, 대직경 3 mm, 갓직경 9 mm로 무처리구(無處理區)와 비슷하였으나 유효경수(有效莖數)는 무처리구(無處理區)보다 11% 많았다. 4. 톱밥배지 제조시(製造時) 계란껍질을 15%까지 첨가(添加)하면 배지(培地)의 물리성(物理性)이 개선(改善)되고 인과 칼슘함량이 높아 자실체(子實體) 수량(收量)과 품질(品質)이 향상(向上)되었다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.203-207
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• 2009

Electrochemical methods have been widely used to study the performances and mechanisms for the degradation of organic and inorganic coatings. In this study, EN(Electrochemical noise) measurement was applied to the protective properties and review the parameters analyzed noise signals in the time and in the frequency domain for epoxy resin based coated steels during exposure to hot sea water($40^{\circ}C$) and salt spray for 200 days. It was also found that $R_n$(Noise resistance), $R_{sn}$($f_{min}$)(Spectral noise resistance) and 2H(Hurst exponent) represented the performance of epoxy coated steels. $R_n$ can be determined as the ratio of the standard deviations of potential and current noise signals and is decreased to exposure time. Data qualities can be easily checked by PSD(Power Spectral Density) plot and $V_{psd}$, $I_{psd}$ and $R_{sn}$($f_{min}$) is useful to research the protective performances and mechanisms of coated steels. Hurst exponent represents the degradation of coated steels. But, it is difficult to directly apply the protective criterion to the evaluation of epoxy coated steels used the shipbuilding processes.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2005

The protease purified from Bacillus cereus JH108 has the function of leucine specific endopeptidase. When measured by hydrolysis of synthetic substrate (N-succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Leu-p-nitroanilide), the enzyme activity exhibited optimal activity at pH 9.0, $60^{\circ}C$. The endopeptidase activity was stimulated by $Ca^{++},\;Co^{++},\;Mn^{++},\;Mg^{++},\;and\;Ni^{++}$, and was inhibited by metal chelating agents such as EDTA, 1,10-phenanthroline, and EGTA. Addition of serine protease inhibitor, PMSF, resulted in the elimination of the activity. The endopeptidase activity was fully recovered from the inhibition of EDTA by the addition of 1 mM $Ca^{++}$, and was partially restored by $Co^{++}\;and\;Mn^{++}$, indicating that the enzyme was stabilized and activated by divalent cations and has a serine residue at the active site. Addition of $Ca^{++}$ increased the pH and heat stability of endopeptidase activity. These results show that endopeptidase requires calcium ions for activity and/or stability. A Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis indicated that the $K_m$ value of endopeptidase is 0.315 mM and $V_{max}$ is 0.222 ) is $0.222\;{\mu}mol$ of N-succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Leu-p-nitroanilide per min. Bestatin was shown to act as a competitive inhibitor to the endopeptidase activity.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2010년도 제39회 하계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.108-108
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• 2010

We have generated Ne-Xe plasma in dense plasma focus device with hypocycloidal pinch for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography and investigated an electron temperature. We have applied an input voltage 4.5 kV to the capacitor bank of 1.53 uF and the diode chamber has been filled with Ne-Xe(30%) gas in accordance with pressure. If we assumed that the focused plasma regions satisfy the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) conditions, the electron temperature of the hypocycloidal pinch plasma focus could be obtained by the optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The electron temperature has been measured by Boltzmann plot. The light intensity is proportion to the Bolzman factor. We have been measured the electron temperature by observation of relative Ne-Xe intensity. The EUV emission signal whose wavelength is about 6~16 nm has been detected by using a photo-detector (AXUV-100 Zr/C, IRD) and the line intensity has been detected by using a HR4000CG Composite-grating Spectrometer.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2012

NOx is one of the toxin gases, which is mainly causing the optic-chemical smog phenomena, and decreasing in the function of nose and taste. Especially, NO is easily reacting with $O_3$, and then becoming the $NO_2$. $NO_2$ is mainly causing the acidulation rain. So, we should develop the NOx gas sensing system to detect NOx gas. In this paper, we present the microstructure and the NOx gas detecting properties of the nitrocellulose/MWCNT thin film coated by the air-spray on the glass substrate. The nitrocellulose/MWCNT-based gas sensors have been studied detecting NOx molecules of a ppm-level at the temperature range of $30{\sim}120^{\circ}C$. The resistance of the sensors decreases when the sensors are exposed to NOx gas. As a results, we obtained the nitrocellulose/MWCNT sensors with the sensitivity of 0.6%/sec under the 0.8 ppm of NOx gas concetration. Also, we get the activation energy of 0.202eV from the sensor for the 0.3 ppm of NOx gas concentration.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.423-428
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• 1996

Optimum conditions for hydrolysis were investigated to enhance water-solubilities of protein-bound polysaccharides in the basidiocarps of Ganoderma lucidum by treating chymotrypsin. We also attempted with Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after extracting hot water-soluble compoents in Ganoderma lucidum. After hydrolyzing under optimum conditions (20 ppm chymotrypsin, 2% Gampderma lucidum or 6% Ganoderma lucidum residue, at pH 10 and at $ 40^{\circ}C$), the amounts of total protein and carbohydrate of hydrolysate were measured. Michaelis constant, $K_{m}$, and maximum rate, $V_{max}$, calculated by Lineweaver-Buck plot for the hydrolysis of Ganoderma lucidum were 1.73% and 0.073%/min respectively and those for hydrolysis of Ganoderma lucidum residue were 2.40% and 0.033%/min respectively. The amount of polysaccharide isolated from Ganoderma lucidum (100 g) treated with chymotrypsin was only 3.07 g, but significantly increased amount (14.34 g) of polysaccharides was isolated from Ganoderma lucidum residue (100 g) treated with chymotrypsin. The protein-bound polysaccharide was isolated from the non-hydrolyzed and hydrolyzed sample and molecular weights of the polysaccharide were measured by Sepharose CL-48 gel filtration.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 1988

Rates of solvolysis of trans-[Co$(N-eten)_2Cl_2$]$^+$ have been investigated using spectrophotometric method at various pressures and temperatures in the mixtures of water with the t-butyl alcohol which possesses a high structure inducing capacity in water. The values of ${\Delta}V^{\neq}$ obtained from pressure effect on the rate constants were 2.55∼ 5.83 $cm^3mol^{-1}$. These values were discussed in terms of dissociative mechanism. Extrema found in the variation of ${\Delta}H^{\neq}$ and ${\Delta}S^{\neq}$ with solvent composition correlated with extrema in the variation of the physical properties of the mixtures. The logarithms of rate constants correlated linearly with both Grunwald-Winstein parameter and the reciprocal of dielectric constant ($Ds^{-1}$). The gradient, m of Grunwald-Winstein plot for the trans-[Co$(N-eten)_2Cl_2$]$^+$ was 0.09, which is significantly lower than those for the other cobalt (Ⅲ)-dichloro complexes. It was suggested that the reaction is an Id mechanism with long extension of Co-Cl bond in the transition state, as found for the C-Cl bond in the transition state for the solvolysis of t-butyl chloride.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.112-118
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• 2004

한국산 흰구름버섯(Trametes hirsuta S1)로부터 배지 내로 분비된 laccase를 ultrafiltration과 anion exchange chromatography, adsorption chromatography를 이용하여 분리 정제하고 정제된 효소의 특성을 조사하였다. Laccase는 균주의 일차 대사 과정에서 주로 생산되는 세포의 페놀 산화효소였다. 흰구름버섯을 기본 배지에서 배양하였을 때 생장은 배양 6일까지 급속히 이루어졌고, laccase의 활성은 배양 5일에 최대활성을 나타냈으며 배양액에서 LiP와 VAO의 활성은 측정되지 않았다. Laccase의 생산에 미치는 유도원의 영향을 조사하기 위하여 배양 중인 흰구름버섯에 몇몇 유도원을 첨가한 결과, 2,5-xylidine은 대조구에 비하여 laccase의 생산을 약4배 증가 시켰다. 정제된 laccase는 SDS 젤 전기영동에서 대략 66 kDa의 분자량을 가지는 단일 폴리펩타이드(single polypeptide)였고, 탄수화물 함량은 12%였다. 정제된 laccase의 $K_m$과 $V_{max}$를 ABTS[2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazo line-6-sulfonic acid)]를 기질로 사용하여 조사한 결과 각각 $51.2\;{\mu}M$과 $56.8\;{\mu}mole{\cdot}min^1{\cdot}mg^{-1}$로 측정되었다. Laccase 활성의 최적 pH는 3.0이며, 이 효소는 $50^{\circ}C$ 미만에서 1시간 동안 처리하였을 때 안정적이었고 $70^{\circ}C$에서 20분간 처리하였을 때 효소의 활성이 반감되었다. Laccase의 분광학적 특성을 조사한 결과 구리를 포함하는 단백질로 나타났다. 일반적으로 알려진 laccase의 기질들에 대한 특이성을 조사한 결과, 5 mM ABTS에서 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었으며 tyrosine에서는 laccase의 활성이 나타나지 않았다. 저해제의 영향을 조사한 결과, 일반적으로 구리를 포함하는 단백질의 저해제인 $NaN_3$, TGA, DDC를 일정 농도로 처리한 실험구에서는 효소의 활성이 완전하게 억제되었으며, EDTA 처리구에서는 효소의 활성이 억제되지 않았다. 한국산 흰구름버섯 S1 균주로부터 생산되는 laccase의 N-말단의 아미노산의 서열은 Coriolus hirsutus의 laccase와 100%의 상동성을 나타냈고, T. versicolor의 laccase I과는 68%의 상동성을 나타냈다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.501-507
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• 2015

In this paper, EPR (ethylene propylene rubber) insulation material was accelerated degradation test at $121^{\circ}C$, $136^{\circ}C$, $151^{\circ}C$, and experiment the typical EAB (elongation at break) at mechanical characteristics analysis. It is shown that the failure-time at the point of 50% of the initial value of Elongation rate to obtain the activation energy. The failure-time was shown each 5,219 hr, 3,165 hr, and 668 hr at three temperatures. In order to derive the activation energy, Arrhenius methodology was applied. Also, we got the Arrhenius plot from three accelerated temperatures. The activation energy values got 0.98 eV from EAB test. The experimental data were evaluated for estimating the probability density, and the suitable distribution by using statistical program MINITAB. It is shown that EAB data by the acceleration thermal degradation is most suitable for the Weibull distribution.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2000

월악산에 자라는 낙엽송의 연륜세포의 생장에 미치는 온난화의 영향을 시뮬레이션 모델로 예측하였다. 이 모델은 각 연륜의 세포(가도관) 폭 변이를 일 강수량과 기온으로 모사하는 수학식을 사용한다. 세포생장을 제한하는 조건을 기온, 일장, 그리고 계산된 수분수지로 추정한다. 이 모델을 적용한 결과 낙엽송의 계절생장에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것은 4월과 5월의 토양수분조건과 강수량인 것으로 나타났다. 4~5월 기온 상승은 토양으로부터 수분 증발을 증가시켜 생장을 감소시켰다. 지구온난화(기온 $2^{\circ}C$ 상승)을 모델에 산정하였을 때 생장적기가 짧아졌고 전체 연륜 생장량을 25% 정도 감소시켰다.