• 환경영향평가
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.591-605
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• 2010

Cool roofs are currently being emerged as one of important mechanism to save energy in relation to the building. This paper reviews worldwide experiences (USA, Japan and EU etc) for the potential benefits cool roofs offer in relation to building energy saving for comparison purposes. It is confirmed that there is a significant potential to the energy saving by introducing the cool roof in a Korean climate because of similarity in terms of HDD (Heating Degree Day) and CDD (Cooling Degree Day) as those countries reviewed. Such a comparative study highlights that the type of measurements performed and the quantitative parameters reported from the countries should be standardized in Korean context in order to implement further comparable experiments for scientifically sound investigations. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference in implementing a Nation-wide cool roofing strategy in the central and local governments since a suitable technical, more objective direction has been proposed based on the measured, fully quantitative performance of the involved components of a cool roof system in the global context. From this critical review, a very important step has been made concerning the practicality of cool roof in Korean context. Ultimately, the suggestion in this paper will greatly contribute to opening new possibilities for introducing cool roof in this country, proposed as an initial aim of this paper.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2006

방사성폐기물 처분 연구 사업이 법률적인 인허가 뿐만이 아니라 일반 국민의 동의를 얻기 위해서는 처분 사업의 안전성에 대한 신뢰성 획득이 중요하며 이를 위해 투명하게 공개될 수 있는 종합 성능 평가 (TSPA, Total System Performance Assessment)의 수행 이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 처분 성능 평가의 투명성 증진을 위한 방안의 하나로 처분 종합 성능 평가 전 과정에 대해 품질 보증 원칙을 도입하여 평가 관련 전체 업무에 관한 신뢰성 향상을 꾀하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 처분 종합 성능 평가 수행의 다섯 단계인 (1) 기획, (2) 연구 수행 , (3) 문서화, (4) 내부 검토, (5) 독자적인 외부 검토 과정에 T2R3의 품질 보증 원칙을 적용한 인터넷 기반의 Cyber R&D Platform이 개발되었다. 인터넷을 기반으로 하는 본 시스템의 개발을 통해 안전성 평가 관련 모든 참여자들은 평가 전 과정에서 투명성이 유지된 데이터들에 쉽게 접근하여 이를 이용할 수 있다 Cyber R&D Platform은 안전성 평가를 위한 시나리오 개발 관련 데이터인 FEP 목록과 관련 시나리오 정보, 관련 시나리오 도출 과정 및 평가 체계 등을 체계적으로 구축한 FEAS (FEp to Assessment through Scenario development)프로그램과 안전성 평가에 필요한 입력 데이터들을 분류, 저장해 놓은 PAID (Performance Assessment Input Data) 프로그램, 그리고 이러한 자료들을 품질 보증 원칙과 절차에 의한 승인 과정을 통해 입력, 저장할 수 있는 품질 보증 시스템으로 구성되어 있으며 이를 통합 운영함으로써 도출된 데이터들의 신뢰성을 높이고자 하였다. 향후 연구에서는 Cyber R&D Platform과 평가 software와의 통합 운영으로 웹 기반 시스템에 대한 한 번의 접속만으로 안전성 평가 관련 모든 정보를 확인, 이용할 수 있도록 할 것이다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2011

Currently, Exterior wall's U-value about building envelope is 0.36 W/$m^2K$(Central Region), but window's one is 2.1 W/$m^2K$ according to air gap of glazing, filling gas, coating and type of windows. The door"s one is 1.6~5.5 W/$m^2{\cdot}K$ depending on material and configuration of door. As such, energy loss per unit of door is considerably larger like windows. The door for the recognition was relatively low because energy loss through the door is relatively small compared to window area. In this paper, thermal performance was analyzed through simulation targeting the door which has thermal break that can improve the insulation performance and doesn't have one. As a results of simulations, case1 was calculated as the average of 1.63 w/m2k and case 2 was calculated as the average of 4.14 w/m2k. The thermal performance of door depends on the type and condition of insulations. As a results of final simulations, Case1 was calculated as 1.06 w/m2k and Case2 was calculated as 1.27 w/m2k. As a results of the experiments, thermal performance of case 1 was measured as 1.28 w/m2k. Error between experiments and simulations is considered problems encountered when creating the samples. The effect of door frame on the overall thermal performance is slight because it's a small proportion of the door frame.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.306-315
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• 2017

This study introduces a software for real-time assessment of combustion stability for utility gas turbines. The software was written with LabView, and implemented the time-domain kurtosis as a parameter to proactively access the instantaneous combustion stability during operation of the industrial gas turbine. The simple time-domain assessment algorithm incorporated in the software is advantageous over conventional frequency-domain signal processing of dynamic pressure signal since it reduces the computational cost, thereby making the algorithm more appropriate for real-time monitoring of combustion stability. Benchmark data obtained from a model gas turbine combustor were used for the reproducibility test of the software. The assessment obtained from the software agreed well with previously published results, indicating that incorporation of the software could enhance the performance of systems monitoring the combustion stability for gas turbines during power generation.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.556-567
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• 2019

세계적으로 그린빌딩, 스마트빌딩 등과 같은 마이크로 워터 그리드 단위의 초고층 빌딩이 증가되는 추세로 수자원과 에너지의 수요증대 등과 같은 문제를 해소하기 위해 그린빌딩 인증 제도가 시행되고 있다. 그러나 마이크로 워터 그리드 단위의 그린빌딩 인증제도 내에서 전력과 에너지 분야는 활발한 연구개발사업이 진행되고 있는 반면 수자원의 연계·연속 활용을 통해서 물의 재이용, 물 절약 등과 같은 지속가능한 수자원의 활용에 대한 연구는 다소 미흡한 상태에 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 그린빌딩 인증제도에서 다중수원의 연계연속 활용을 위해 수자원 부문에 대한 특성과 한계점을 분석하고, 마이크로 워터 그리드 단위의 그린빌딩이나 스마트빌딩 및 복합단지 내외에서 상수, 자연 및 대체수자원 등과 같은 각종 수자원이 연계연속 활용할 수 있는 평가방법과 성능평가기준을 제시하고자 한다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.501-519
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• 2012

As an alternative to current conventional force-based assessment methods, the energy-based seismic performance of a code-designed 20-storey high-rise steel building is evaluated in this paper. Using 3D nonlinear dynamic time-history method with consideration of additional material damping effect, the influences of different restoring force models and P-${\Delta}/{\delta}$ effects on energy components are investigated. By combining equivalent viscous damping and hysteretic damping ratios of the structure subjected to strong ground motions, a new damping model, which is amplitude-dependent, is discussed in detail. According to the analytical results, all energy components are affected to various extents by P-${\Delta}/{\delta}$ effects and a difference of less than 10% is observed; the energy values of the structure without consideration of P-${\Delta}/{\delta}$ effects are larger, while the restoring force models have a minor effect on seismic input energy with a difference of less than 5%, but they have a certain effect on both viscous damping energy and hysteretic energy with a difference of about 5~15%. The paper shows that the use of the hysteretic energy at its ultimate state as a seismic design parameter has more advantages than seismic input energy since it presents a more stable value. The total damping ratio of a structure consists of viscous damping ratio and hysteretic damping ratio and it is found that the equivalent viscous damping ratio is a constant for the structure, while the equivalent hysteretic damping ratio approximately increases linearly with structural response in elasto-plastic stage.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2015

Currently, the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia etc. are actively utilizing energy simulation for efficiency evaluation of building energy. However, domestic energy efficiency assessment system doesn't use energy simulation system properly at present: parameters based architecture plans and Ashrae Standard are inputted for the evaluation, because the input parameters for the simulation haven't been established yet. This fact causes poor reliability during energy simulation, as the values of the two standards are different from each other. Therefore, the aim of the study is to set domestic standard parameter for BIM-based energy performance evaluation, focusing on possession area per person of occupants at government office in Korea. We found that the difference among the result values occurred approximately 3% in the energy simulation. As a result of the analysis, possession area per person of occupants in Government office is $31.87m^2$. Other input parameters may be set based on this. This will increase the reliability of energy simulation through a domestic standard parameter.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2014

This study is to perform economic analysis of a PVT-GSHP (Photovoltaic Thermal-Ground Source Heat Pump) system compared to the conventional system which consists of a boiler and a chiller. This research has simulated, developed and analyzed four systems for application in a residential and an office building which was based on the hourly EPI (Energy Performance Index, $kWh/m^2yr$). Case 1 includes a boiler and a chiller to meet heating and cooling demands for a house. Case 2 is the same conventional system as Case 1 for a office. Case 3 is simple summation of Case 1 and 2. And Case 4 is utilizing a PVT-GSHP to meet the combined loads of the house and office. The economic evaluation study was based on IEA ECBCS Annex 54 subtasks C economic assessment methods. This study indicated that PVT-GSHP system can save a building's energy up to 53.9%. Also the SPB (Simple Payback) of the PVT-GSHP system with 0%, 50% initial incentive was 14.5, 6.7 year respectively.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.511-539
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• 2015

The main objective of this study is to analytically investigate the effectiveness of different strengthening solutions in upgrading the seismic performance of existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings in Nepal. For this, four building models with different structural configurations and detailing were considered. Three possible rehabilitation solutions were studied, namely: (a) RC shear wall, (b) steel bracing, and (c) RC jacketing for all of the studied buildings. A numerical analysis was conducted with adaptive pushover and dynamic time history analysis. Seismic performance enhancement of the studied buildings was evaluated in terms of demand capacity ratio of the RC elements, capacity curve, inter-storey drift, energy dissipation capacity and moment curvature demand of the structures. Finally, the seismic safety assessment was performed based on standard drift limits, showing that retrofitting solutions significantly improved the seismic performance of existing buildings in Nepal.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제87권6호
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• pp.555-574
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• 2023

An efficient optimization algorithm and damage-sensitive objective function are two main components in optimization-based Finite Element Model Updating (FEMU). A suitable combination of these components can considerably affect damage detection accuracy. In this study, a new hybrid damage-sensitive objective function is proposed based on combining two different objection functions to detect the location and extent of damage in structures. The first one is based on Generalized Pseudo Modal Strain Energy (GPMSE), and the second is based on the element's Generalized Flexibility Matrix (GFM). Four well-known population-based metaheuristic algorithms are used to solve the problem and report the optimal solution as damage detection results. These algorithms consist of Cuckoo Search (CS), Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO), Moth Flame Optimization (MFO), and Jaya. Three numerical examples and one experimental study are studied to illustrate the capability of the proposed method. The performance of the considered metaheuristics is also compared with each other to choose the most suitable optimizer in structural damage detection. The numerical examinations on truss and frame structures with considering the effects of measurement noise and availability of only the first few vibrating modes reveal the good performance of the proposed technique in identifying damage locations and their severities. Experimental examinations on a six-story shear building structure tested on a shake table also indicate that this method can be considered as a suitable technique for damage assessment of shear building structures.