• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.57-72
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• 1997

Korean agriculture and rural sector has undergone a wide range of reform after the Uruguay Round. Major policy measure is to put finances of huge budget from tax payers since 1994 in preparation of the Rural Development Strategy and Reform Program. Both in the total amount and individual size of the subsidy and loan for eligible farmers and farmers group are large and drastically enormous than any other programs in the past. The strategy adopted was a bottom-up approach, Particularly in selecting the project with local autonomy. However, it has been still criticized as the form of centralized control of budget and decsion. In terms of the program effectiveness too, it is doubtful to judge that Korean agriculture is in a road to getting the international competetiveness as targeted. Since the local autonomy was started in 1995, the political structure has been settling in a way to be more locally institutionalized. Rural development policy, as the key point of economic and industrial dimension of local autonomy, should be initiated and practiced in real term by the local government. This paper, in this concern, in reviewing the past rural development prolicy and programs, discussed the necessary issues relevant to legal bases of land uses in Korea. Further, the direction of increasing local automous power of local government was discussed in the senses of budgetary control and decision. The power and budget should be allocated more to the rural development plans of local government in order to fulfilize integrated rural spatial development in this new era of globalization.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.51-66
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• 1997

A heat transfer model of the intake valve in a spark ignition engine is presented, which is calibrated with a number of the valve temperature profiles measured during engine warm-up for the gaseous fuel(propane). The valve is divided into four identical elements for which the assumption of lumped thermal mass is applied. The calibration is made so that the difference between the measued and simulated valve temperatures becomes minimal. Then the model is applied to the cases of the liquid fuel(indolene) to estimate the amount of the liquid fuel vaporized from the intake valve by assuming that fuel evaporation accounts for the deficit of the heat balance budget. The results of the model show quantitative contribution of each heat transfer source to the heat balance. The behavior of the calculated mass fraction of the fuel vaporized from the intake valve explains how the liquid fuel evaporate during engine warm-up. The mass fraction at warmed-up condition is closely related with the fraction directly targeted on the valve back by the fuel spray geometry.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.12
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• pp.1275-1281
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• 2008

National Immunization Program (NIP) in korea is regulated by government for effective prevention of infectious diseases since 1954. But the program is only performed in public health center, so many people had various complaints such as inconvenience to use public center, high cost when vaccinated in private medical organization and lack of speciality and registration etc. In this reason, it was very difficult to raise the vaccination rate to 95 percent, infectious disease preventable rate. With this background national assembly and government try to expand the NIP coverage both public health center and private medical organization with increasing budget from 2009. So in this paper an overview and preparation of Korean pediatrician according to the expanding plan of NIP are described.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.25-45
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• 1999

Home economics is a very important part of high school curriculum. The goal of home economics is to enable the students to get necessary knowledge and skills of household affaires, so they can manage their household tasks easily. This study was investigated to know the present condition of high school food preparation classes and evaluation method and to find out the problems related to the evaluation. Ninety four teachers from Kyoung-Ki province answered the questionnaire. The results are as follows： They though that the most appropriate food preparation classes should be at least 4-6 in a year. But in practice they only had 1-2 classes because of the time and budget. Because most of the teachers wanted the students to apply their knowledge to real life, they mainly chose Korean foods instead of western foods. It may help the students understand the Korean traditional food. Most of the schools needed additional gas oven ranges, microwave ovens and water purifiers. Most teachers(87.50%) evaluated the students in groups. This was due to limited time and lack of objective evaluation methods. So it is suggested that the Ministry of Education must make the measure of objective evaluation and allot more home economics hours at high school curriculum.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2013

The Korean pharmacy education has introduced new curriculum since 2011. In the new curriculum, pharmacy students have been provided strenthen experimental education and clinical pharmacy has been more important than previous curriculum. Thus, faculties in the college of pharmacy should prepare the circumstances correlated with the changed curriculum. To accomplish successful setting, all faculty and practice experts must work together and need financial assisstant from the college. However, there are many different obstacles among 35 colleges of pharmacy in Korea. In order to narrow a gap among students and find the way to overcome it together, we studied the problem of preparation process in Korean colleges of Pharmacy. We studied the process of practical education in college of pharmacy by means of self-reporting questionnaire from November 29th 2012 to December 31th 2012. The questionaire comprised of syllabus related to clinical pharmacy, the number of professor in charge of clinical pharmacy or pharmacotherapeutics, the plan of securing faculties in the field of clinical pharmacy, the budget, site, instrument for preparing experimental education, the lesson time number of experimental education, MOU, education and treatment of preceptor in the practice site and committee of experimental education in the college. Total 21 of 35 colleges participated in this survey. They showed different composition of syllabus, budget, the circumstances of experimental education, the education and treatment of preceptor. Most colleges are unclear the site and preceptor of experimental education and they did not contract the MOU with the sites. 9 of 21 also did not have the committee of experimental education in the colleges. From 2013, some colleges of pharmacy start actual experimental education. Inadequete preparation and different quality of education can make student incomplete pharmacists, so it will be negative effect on public health. To overcome challenge and obtain desirable goal, funding/administrative assistant from the college and networking within 35 colleges of pharmacy are needed.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.553-564
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• 2001

The purpose of this research was to observe the management system of 18 free meal service centers for the low-income homebound elderly in Chungcheongbuk-Do In order researchers interviewed staff members of the free meal service centers. Based on the results of interviews with staff members of the meal service organization. only two centers used a standard recipe. and most of the meal preparation was controlled under the experience of volunteers. Only two meal service centers employed dietitians due to the lak of budgets. The cost of a meal per day ranged from ￦ 556 to ￦2,750 and the number of attendants at meal service ranged from 35 to 350 persons. The budget for most of the meal service centers is not enough to provide meals for the elderly who want to participated in free meal service programs. Home delivery meal service was not considered due to the lake of manpower and areal dispersion in rural ares. Most meal service organizations did not cooperate with other community service organizations. Several improvement strategies are recommended for the effective running of the free meal service centers. First, a nutrition specialist should be included in the staff members of the service organization to provide nutritious meal service to the elderly Second, a joint control system might be introduced into the present system to reduced the cost and the recover the limitations of areal dispersion. Third, service, coordination should be considered to overcome the problem of lake resources.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.557-568
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• 2011

To effectively come up with and secure a national budget, it is very important to estimate the reasonable construction cost of each step in public construction projects. In this study, the approximate construction cost of a steel box girder bridge in the early stages of the project, on which available information is limited, was proposed using case-based reasoning. In addition, construction cost estimation models were used for existing sample design models, and the accuracy of the estimation model for the presented cost was verified. The analysis results showed that the error rate was comparatively stable. Therefore, it is expected that construction cost estimation will be effectively suggested in the country's budget preparation.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.177-204
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• 2011

Recently the government expands its investment in basic research to overcome the limit of technology catch-up strategy. At this point, Korea's R&D supporting system needs to be evaluated whether it is appropriate to support creative basic research. Therefore, this study approaches to analyze the cases of basic research supporting system about the characteristics of basic research and necessary systematic requirements. This research discussed the necessity for introducing the paradigm of policy management system of basic research. Also it found that the performance of basic research is very important element for the effectiveness of research itself as well as continuous appropriacy of the system.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.21-30
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• 2018

This study aims for improving the system in Disaster Management of Local Government. In addition, the overall disaster management system was compared to the effectiveness of the disaster prevention system and reliability, and problems and improvement points were derived. The disaster management system in Korea has a structure that promptly investigates and restores damage by a simple procedure. Korea disaster management system manages information on top-down structural disasters through the flow of prevention, preparation, response, and recovery. The process from disaster response to recovery under the leadership of the central disaster safety headquarters is simplified. Disaster management tasks are dispersed among departments, making it difficult to respond promptly. Under the control of the central government, disaster management, such as disaster prevention, investigation, and recovery, are carried out. The disaster management improvement direction of the local government should establish the disaster response system focusing on the local government. Therefore, it is necessary to have budget to operate the organization - centered disaster management budget and the disaster management organization. The disaster response manual should be prepared considering the disaster environment and disaster prevention plan. In order to utilize disaster information, it is necessary to reorganize information system such as integrate and streamline of the private resource database and NDMS.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.94-98
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• 2023

This study analyzes the combat case involving military drones during the Azerbaijan-Armenian War, which erupted on September 27, 2020. The background of the war revealed that Azerbaijan extensively and aggressively employed offensive drones, which played a decisive role in reshaping the dynamics of the battlefield. Despite Azerbaijan's GDP of $4.639, which corresponds to the level of a developing country, and its 64th rank in global military strength, the country boldly allocated a significant portion of its budget to develop its drone capabilities in preparation for the war. As a result, Azerbaijan effectively utilized offensive drones acquired from Turkey and Israel to neutralize hundreds of tanks, armored vehicles, artillery units, and air defense systems. The purpose of this study is to examine this context and explore how our Korean military organization can enhance its combat capabilities by developing a drone combat system, thereby enabling an effective response posture against multifaceted threats.