• 제목/요약/키워드: Bud development

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Role of CaBud6p in the Polarized Growth of Candida albicans

  • Song Yun-Kyoung;Kim Jeong-Yoon
    • Journal of Microbiology
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    • 제44권3호
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    • pp.311-319
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    • 2006
  • Bud6p is a component of a polarisome that controls cell polarity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study, we investigated the role of the Candide albicans Bud6 protein (CaBud6p) in cell polarity and hyphal development. CaBud6p, which consists of 703 amino acids, had 37% amino-acid sequence identity with the Bud6 protein of S. cerevisiae. The homozygous knock-out of CaBUD6 resulted in several abnormal phenotypes, such as a round and enlarged cells, widened bud necks, and a random budding pattern. In hypha-inducing media, the mutant cells had markedly swollen tips and a reduced ability to switch from yeast to hypha. In addition, a yeast two-Hybrid analysis showed a physical interaction between CaBud6p and CaAct1p, which suggests that CaBud6p may be involved in actin cable organization, like Bud6p in S. cerevisiae. Taken together, these results indicate that CaBud6 plays an important role in the polarized growth of C. albicans.

Characteristics of lateral bud development, necrosis and genesis of flower primordium in 'Kyoho' grapevines

  • Park, Jun Young;Jung, Myung Hee;Kim, Bo Min;Park, Yo Sup;Kim, Jun Hyeok;Park, Hee-Seung
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제47권4호
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    • pp.987-993
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    • 2020
  • This study investigated the effective harvest of 'Kyoho' grapevines by examining their characteristics including bud development, necrosis types and flower primordium formation. The size of the axillary bud did not show any difference in the 5th node or more, but it was smaller because it was closer to the base in the 4th node or less. In the 1st node, the rates of main bud necrosis (MBN), accessory bud necrosis (ABN), and whole bud necrosis (WBN) were high, and the rate of flower primordium formation was low, but there was no significant difference in the other nodes. Therefore, it was expected that using other nodes than the 1st node would be advantageous to secure production. Because the growth progresses after sprouting, the main bud necrosis rate increases, showing a very low flower primordium formation rate in March of the following year. Therefore, a method is needed to increase the storage nutrients in the winter and the rate of flower primordium formation after March. This study found that the thickness of the shoots should be less than 8.5 mm between the 3rd and 4th nodes, and the length should be less than 60 cm for nodes up to the 10th node.

초란의 생장점배양에 관한 연구 (II) 배양생장점에서 원혼체의 발생과정 (Studies on the Mericlonal Protocorm of Orchid (II) Protocorm development from cultured explants)

  • 한창열
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.23-30
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    • 1968
  • Using several varieties of Cymbidium, investigations were carried out to make clear how the protocormic tissue develops from the cultured explant. Explant to be cultured were prepared in several ways: exclusively apical meristem, apical meristem dissected out with the basal part attached, axillary bud primordia in their initial stage of development, or apical or axillary bud dissected out as a whole etc. It was observed that protocorms or protocormic tissues were developed from the explant's meristematic tissues regardless of where these tissues were located. Apical meristem, leaf primordia, leaf axil, or internodal part of young bud turned easily protocormic, while the scaly leaves of axillary bud or stem tissue of mother shoot turned quickly brwonish and died away. Both in axillary and apical bud explant alike, whether they were cultured whole or divided, some took quickly green color while others were slower, and some developed protocorms easily while others remained unchanged for months. Varietal difference as well as environmental factors seemed to be responsible for it. Further details should be clarified by histogenetical investigations.

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Cucumber Mosaic Cucumovirus-CARNA5 Causing Bud Necrosis on Table Tomato

  • Park, Hong-Soo;Ryu, Jae-Ki;Ahn, Kyung-Ku;Cho, Jeom-Deog;Kim, Jeong-Soo
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.169-173
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    • 2001
  • Virus disease occurred up to 62% in average in the greenhouse production of table tomato Seokwang in Suwon, Korea. From symptomatic transition of the labeled tomatoes, two different symptoms, mosaic and bud necrosis, were developed independently. Cucumber mosaic virus necrosis strain (CMV-N) was isolated from table tomato showing bud necrosis symptoms. The isolate caused the bud necrosis on four tomato cultivars and locally infected Chenopodium spp. and Vicia faba by mechanical inculation. The 5th RNA segment, satellite RNA, was identified from CMV-N-infected plants by dsRNA analysis. Crystals of virus particles were observed in cytosols and vacuoles. The virus particles of CMV-N presented abundantly in xylem vessel.

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한국산 도롱뇽(Hynobius Leechi BOULENGER 의 초기발생단계에 있어서의 유리 아미노산의 정성분석 (Quality Analysis of the Free Amino Acids during the Early Development Stages of Hynobius leechi)

  • 강영선;하두봉;한원택
    • 한국동물학회지
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.13-19
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    • 1961
  • Free amino acids at five different developemntal stages (Gastrulation-Hatching -out stage) of Hynobius leechi BOULENGER were analyzed qualitatively by the use of paper paitition chromatography. It was found that the number of free amino acids increased as the development proceeded. The free amino acids identified at each stages are as follows : Gastrulation stage : Alaninie, Aspartic acid, Glutamin acid, Histidine, Methionine. Neural plate formation stage : Alanine , Aspartic acid, Glutamic acid, Glycine, Histidine, MEthionine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Serine, Trypotophan. Middle tail-bud stage : Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine,Aspartic acid, Citrulline, Glutamic acid, Glycine, Histidie,Hydroxyproline, Proline, Leucine, Methionine, Ornithine, Phenylalanine, Serine, Threonine, Tryptophan. Late tail-bud stage : Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine, Aspartic acid, Citrulline, Glutamic acid. Glycine, Histidine, Hydroxyproline, Leucine, Methionine, Ornithine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Serine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Valine. Hatching -out stage : the same with the late tail-bud stage. It seems probable that the metabolic systems of amino acids before and after the middle tail-bud stage are quite different from each other. Before the middle tail=-bud stage, the reaction system of amino acids is thought not to be completed while after that stage the system has been completed , because in the former period of the development , the number of freeamino acids increased rapidly with the development , and after that stage, there is practically no change in the number of free amino acids.

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'캠벨얼리' 포도의 휴면기 눈 발달 및 수삽을 통한 발아 특성 조사 (Bud Development and Bud Break Characteristics in Water Cuttings of 'Campbell Early' Grapevine during Dormancy)

  • 이별하나;박요섭;권용희;한점화;박희승
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.202-209
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 수삽을 이용한 'Campbell Early' 포도나무의 발아 특성 관찰을 통해 눈의 내재 휴면 타파를 위한 저온축적과의 관계를 구명하고, 저온에 노출되는 동안 눈의 발달 양상을 관찰하여 발아와 휴면에 대한 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 만개 120일 후(낙엽기 : 10월 7일)부터 시료를 수집하여 수삽하였으며, 만개 후 125일부터 온도가 $7.2^{\circ}C$도 이하로 내려가 CU 축적이 시작되었다. 발아율은 만개 150일 이후부터 100% 발아하였으나 165일 이후 수집된 가지에 비해 최초 발아까지의 기간이 2배 이상 소요되어 발아속도가 현저히 떨어졌다. 즉, 만개 165일 이후에는 100% 발아할 뿐만 아니라 발아 소요일수가 짧아 내재 휴면이 완전히 타파된 것으로 판단되었다. 이 기간 동안 CH 모델과 Utah 모델에 의한 저온 적산 값 계산 시, 각각 321h와 442CU로 조사되었다. 또한 이 시기 이후부터 주아의 생존율이 급격히 감소하였고, 제 1 부아의 생존율은 시기적인 차이 없이 90% 수준으로 높게 유지되었다. 화아형성이 이루어진 눈을 대상으로 조사된 주아 대비 부아의 비율은 내재 휴면이 타파되기 이전인 만개 후 150일에는 1:0.23으로 주아의 비율이 월등히 높았으나, 내재 휴면이 타파된 이후 최종적으로 만개후 255일에 이르러서는 1:1.54로 주아에 비해 부아의 비율이 높게 나타났다. 액아의 생존율 및 화아형성율과의 각 조사항목 간 상관분석에서는 주아에서만 상관관계가 인정되어 주아의 생존율 자체는 시기와 가장 밀접한 관련을 나타내었고, 주아의 생존율과 화아형성률 사이에 높은 정의 상관관계가 나타났다.

발육속도 모델을 이용한 배 '신고' 자발휴면타파시기 추정 (Estimation of Dormancy Breaking Time by Development Rate Model in 'Niitaka' Pear(Pyrus pirifolia Nakai))

  • 한점화;이상현;최장전;정상복;장한익
    • 한국농림기상학회지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.58-64
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    • 2008
  • 배 '행수'의 자발휴면기의 발육속도 모델을 이용하여 배 '신고'의 자발휴면 타파기 예측 가능성을 검토하였으며, 나아가 겨울철 기온이 온난화됨에 따른 휴면타파시기의 변화를 검토하였다. 모델에 의해 예측된 자발휴면 타파시기와 포장에서 조사된 휴면타파시기가 12월 12일$\sim$12월 19일로 일치하여 배 '행수'의 발육속도 모델을 배'신고'에 적용하는 것이 큰 무리가 없는 것으로 판단되었다. 기온이 상승함에 따라 휴면타파시기가 지연되었으며, $4^{\circ}C$이상 상승하면 제주도를 중심으로 휴면타파에 필요한 저온 부족현상이 발생될 것으로 추정되었다.

돌연변이 육종을 위한 야콘의 최적 감마선 조사량 (Gamma-ray Irradiation on Radio Sensitivity in Yacon (Samallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. & Endl.) H. Robinson) Breeding)

  • 김수정;손황배;김율호;남정환;이종남;장동칠;서종택
    • 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국자원식물학회 2021년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.27-27
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    • 2021
  • Yacon [Samallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. & Endl.) H. Robinson], a member of Compositae plants, has sweet taste and crisp texture. Unlike other Andean root crops such as potato and sweet potato, the cultivation area of yacon has increased recently, since it is known to have large content of fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Since there are no yacon varieties bred in Korea, we have been trying to create new genetic resources using gamma-ray. The optimal gamma-ray dosage for mutation breeding in yacon was investigated. Crown bud and green bud of yacon were exposed to doses of gamma rays from 20 Gy to 80 Gy, and subsequently planted in a greenhouse. After 50 days of sowing, the survival rates and growth decreased rapidly at doses above 40 Gy, while all of crown bud individuals died above 60 Gy. The median lethal dose (LD50) of crown bud and green bud was 22.4 and 36.6 Gy, and the median reduction doses (RD50) for plant height, fresh weights, and tuberous root weight were 20-40 Gy, respectively. A dose of 20-40 Gy was found to be optimal for mutation breeding in yacon. Considering the growth factors, the optimum doses were determined to be within the range of 20-40 Gy for the selection of useful mutant lines. M2-M3 mutant lines were obtained from 20-60 Gy gamma-ray-irradiated M1 plants through clonal propagation. These mutant lines will be used for the development of a new variety of yacon plant with high FOS and no crack tuberous root.

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'흑구슬' 포도의 액아 형성 및 괴사발생 (Axillary Bud Development and Necrosis for 'Heukgoosul' Grapevine)

  • 권용희;김은주;박서준;이한찬;마경복;박희승
    • 생물환경조절학회지
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.382-386
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    • 2011
  • '흑구슬' 포도에서 발생되는 빈가지의 발생 원인을 구명하고 눈의 기본 특성 및 괴사 유형을 구분하여 괴사 발생에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 하였다. 1번마디부터 4번 마디에서는 결과모지에 가까울수록 눈의 크기는 작았으나 4번 마디 상부에 위치한 눈에서는 차이가 없었다. 1번 마디의 눈괴사율이 32.0%로 가장 높았으며, 4~10번 마디의 눈은 84.0~96.0%가 정상눈이었다. 시기별 눈의 크기는 7월이 6.40mm로 가장 컸으며 8월에서 10월까지는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 눈괴사와 주아괴사는 10월에 가장 많았으나 부아괴사는 7월부터 발생하여 이후에는 차이가 없었다. 가지 세력과 액아의 괴사발생간의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 상관분석을 실시한 결과, 가지 굵기 및 마디 길이는 괴사발생과 상관관계가 나타내지 않았으나 눈의 크기와 괴사 발생간에는 음의 상관관계를 나타내었으며 부아괴사와 가장 밀접하였다. 따라서 '흑구슬' 포도에서 눈의 괴사발생이 적고 충실함에도 불구하고 꽃송이 출현이 적은 것은 1번 눈의 괴사가 원인이므로 단초전정시 3마디를 남기고 전정을 할 경우 수량확보에 도움이 될것으로 생각된다.