• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.732-740
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• 2021

Scattering resonance of medium mass nuclides leads complex spectrum in the fast reactor, which requires thousands of energy groups in the spectrum calculation. When the broad-group cross sections are collapsed, reaction rate cannot be completely conserved. To eliminate the error from energy collapsing, the Super-homogenization method in energy collapsing (ESPH) was employed in the fast reactor code SARAX. An ESPH factor was derived based on the ESPH-corrected SN transport equation. By applying the factor in problems with reflective boundary condition, both the effective multiplication factor and reaction rate were conserved. The fixed-source iteration was used to ensure the stability of ESPH iteration. However, in the energy collapsing process of SARAX, the vacuum boundary condition was adopted, which was necessary for fast reactors with strong heterogeneity. To further reduce the error caused by leakage, an additional conservation factor was proposed to correct the neutron current in energy collapsing. To evaluate the performance of ESPH with conservation factor, numerical benchmarks of fast reactors were calculated. The results of broad-group calculation agreed well with the direct full-core Monte-Carlo calculation, including the effective multiplication factor, radial power distribution, total control rod worth and sodium void worth.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.5.1-5.13
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• 2023

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a Gram-negative aerobic diplococcus bacterium that primarily causes sexually transmitted infections through direct human sexual contact. It is a major public health threat due to its impact on reproductive health, the widespread presence of antimicrobial resistance, and the lack of a vaccine. In this study, we used a bioinformatics approach and performed subtractive genomic methods to identify potential drug targets against the core proteome of N. gonorrhoeae (12 strains). In total, 12,300 protein sequences were retrieved, and paralogous proteins were removed using CD-HIT. The remaining sequences were analyzed for non-homology against the human proteome and gut microbiota, and screened for broad-spectrum analysis, druggability, and anti-target analysis. The proteins were also characterized for unique interactions between the host and pathogen through metabolic pathway analysis. Based on the subtractive genomic approach and subcellular localization, we identified one cytoplasmic protein, 2Fe-2S iron-sulfur cluster binding domain-containing protein (NGFG RS03485), as a potential drug target. This protein could be further exploited for drug development to create new medications and therapeutic agents for the treatment of N. gonorrhoeae infections.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.29.1-29.20
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• 2020

The development of refractory tumor cells limits therapeutic efficacy in cancer by activating mechanisms that promote cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, and survival. Benzimidazole anthelmintics have broad-spectrum action to remove parasites both in human and veterinary medicine. In addition to being antiparasitic agents, benzimidazole anthelmintics are known to exert anticancer activities, such as the disruption of microtubule polymerization, the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle (G2/M) arrest, anti-angiogenesis, and blockage of glucose transport. These antitumorigenic effects even extend to cancer cells resistant to approved therapies and when in combination with conventional therapeutics, enhance anticancer efficacy and hold promise as adjuvants. Above all, these anthelmintics may offer a broad, safe spectrum to treat cancer, as demonstrated by their long history of use as antiparasitic agents. The present review summarizes central literature regarding the anticancer effects of benzimidazole anthelmintics, including albendazole, parbendazole, fenbendazole, mebendazole, oxibendazole, oxfendazole, ricobendazole, and flubendazole in cancer cell lines, animal tumor models, and clinical trials. This review provides valuable information on how to improve the quality of life in patients with cancers by increasing the treatment options and decreasing side effects from conventional therapy.

• Journal of Information Display
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2012

An empirical functional form was suggested for the analysis of the emission spectrum of high-power light-emitting diode (LED) consisting of a sharp blue peak from the LED chips and a broad yellow peak from the phosphor layer. The peak positions, half widths, shape parameters, and amplitudes of these two peaks were reliably obtained as a function of the temperature, and the results were discussed qualitatively in relation with the junction temperature. The adoption of an inert liquid was found to have significantly reduced the LED temperature and the color shift of the emitted light. The phenomenological approach used in this study may be helpful in the simulation of the LED spectrum under various thermal conditions, and may thus be helpful in the improvement of the device performance.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.87-90
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• 2004

Spectrophotometry of the night sky over Mount Bohyun is presented for the nearly entire visible wavelengths of $3600{\~}$8600{\AA}$. The data was obtained under moonless clear sky in February 2004 with the 1.8-m telescope and the long slit spectrograph. The sky spectrum shows a number of strong emission lines originated from light pollution, especially due to high pressure sodium lamps. When compared to the night sky of Kitt Peak, our sky continuum is 1 to 2 magnitude brighter at all wavelengths, the worst being around the broad emission region near 6000${\AA}$. The night sky spectrum presented here with almost complete line identifications is a useful reference for arc-independent wavelength calibrations to check the gravity flexure of the spectrograph and the wavelength shift between FeNeArHe arc frames and science frames.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.655-657
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• 2003

This study is on the characteristics of discriminating of image using unique electric wave intensity value from satellite images data. Namely this study is on studying specific image characteristics by image spectrum and is on developing procedures discriminating of water, forest. narrow-leaved(coniferous) trees, broad-leaved(deciduous) trees, terrain, farmland, grassland, etc. using unique spectrum value in material. Finally applying this procedures, we design and implement discriminating system, IDEA(Information Discriminating Extracting Agent).

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.149-154
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• 2005

Fifty-one extended-spectrum-${\beta}$-lactamase(ESBL) producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated from national university hospitals. All K. pneumoniae strains showed resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotic and most of them presented resistance to amikacin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. The results of amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) pattern for randomly isolated fifty-one strains were as follows; both twenty-one strains from Chungnam National University hospital and ten strains from Chungbuk National University hospital showed RAPD type Ia and Ib. However, twenty strains isolated from Gyeongsang National University hospital belonged to RAPD type IIa and IIb. All isolates were divided into four molecular types and showed high level of genetic diversity. These results suggested that RAPD analysis provided a rapid and simple method for analysing genotypes of ESBL.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 2010

Star-like ZnO nanostructures were grown on SI(100) substrates with carbon(C) catalyst by employing vapor-solid(VS) mechanism. The morphologies and structure of ZnO nanostructures were investigated by Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectrum, Photoluminescence spectrum. The results demonstrated that the as-synthesized products consisted of star-like ZnO nanostructure with hexagonal wurtzite phase. Nanostructures grown at 1100 were mainly star-like in structure with diameters of 500 nm. The legs of the star-like nanostructures were preferentially grown up along the [0001] direction. A vapor.solid (VS) growth mechanism was proposed to explain the formation of the star-like structures. Photoluminescence spectrum exhibited a narrow emission band peak around 380 nm and a broad one around 491 nm. Raman spectrum of the ZnO nanostructures showed oxygen defects in ZnO nanostructures due to the existence of Ar gas during the growth process, leading to the dominant green band peak in the PL spectrum.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.485-491
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• 2015

This study was performed to investigate thermophilic bacteria from soil having broad antifungal spectrum against Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Phytophthora capsici, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, and Botrytis cinerea. One isolate selected could resist heat shock of $60^{\circ}C$ for one hour, and had broad antifungal activity in dual culture assay against all tested fungal pathogens and was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y1 using 16S rRNA gene sequence. Further investigation for antifungal activity of bacterial culture filtrate (BCF) and butanol crude extract (BCE) of various concentrations showed broad spectrum antifungal activity and fungal growth inhibition significantly increased with increasing concentration with highest growth inhibition of 100% against R. solani with 50% BCF and 11 mm of zone of inhibition against R. solani with 4 mg BCE concentration. Treatment of butanol crude extract resulted in deformation, lysis or degradation of C. gloeosporioides and P. capsici hyphae. Furthermore, B. amyloliquefaciens Y1 produced volatile compounds inhibiting growth of R. solani (70%), C. gloeosporioides (65%) and P. capsici (65-70%) when tested in volatile assay. The results from the study suggest that B. amyloliquefaciens Y1 could be a biocontrol candidate to control fungal diseases in crops.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 1990

The cavity-length detuning characteristics of the hybridly mode-locked dye laser have been studied with a collinear autocorrelator. In the optimum condition, the pulse width is 0.65 ps about three times as short as that of the synchronously mode-locked dye laser. As the cavity length is increased, the pulse width becomes broader than that at the optimum cavity length because of the effect of spontaneous emission. Also, the spectrum width becomes broad, therefore the time bandwidth product ($\Deltat\Deltav$) is increased. The peak power of autocorrelation is maximum at $\Deltat=5.0\umm$ longer than the optimum cavity length. On the other hand, as the cavity length is decreased, the pulse width becomes broader and the satellite pulses appear because of the gain recovery. Also the spectrum width becomes narrower than that at the optimum cavity length. In particular, at the mismatched cavity length the center of the lasing spectrum moves to shorter wavelengths. ngths.