• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.11-14
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• 1985

The author came to analize and get the following problems after researched radiographic quality in order to find out the necessary factors to improve in radiographs of frontal projection of the chest selected at random of the adult patients (1545 male, 1520 female) who had been examined in 4 departments of radiology of the general hospitals in Seoul and Kyungki area. 1. Problems of x-ray film or of radiographic cassette appeared in 2.97% radiographs on account of selection of the film size (except costophrenic sinus) (1.79%), poor screen-film contact (0.85%), light leakage of cassette (0,33%). 2. Problems of patients' positioning or breathing appeared in 16.57% radiographs of all because of overlapping of lung apex and clavicle (6.98%), overlapping of scapula and lung field (5.87%), asymmetrical projection of clavicles (1.76%), errors in positioning and breathing of the patient (1.96%). 3. Problems of x-ray exposure factors or film processing appeared in 22.25% radiographs because of over-density (2.64%), under-density (3.95%), fog (0.59%), demonstration density under clavicles or lung marking unsharply (3.82%), not clear of lung marking from breast region (0.94%), not clear the lung marking from the part overlapped of heart and lungs (3.92%), not clear the lung marking from the part overlapped of liver and lung (6.49%).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.656-667
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• 1992

This study was designed to investigate the effect of environmental an d physiological factors on bone mineral density(BMD) of the lumbar spine(L2longrightarrowL4) in 41 postmenopausal women. There were a positive relationships between BMD of the lumbar spine and monthly income food expenses pocket money energy expenditure(EXP) per day sociocultural EXP activity intensity time of standing and walking or age at first pregnancy. BMD of the lumbar spine was negatively correlated with age Engel index time of sleeping and sitting number of childbirty and children period of breastfeeding or menopausal period. But there were no significant relationships between BMD and physiological domestic EXP body mass index age at menar-che menstruation cycle or age at menopause. The complex interrelations between BMD and these variables were examined using stepwise multiple regression analysis. From this analysis in subject aged 50~59 years. EXP per body weight physiological EXP age at menopause time of sleeping were positively significant independent predictors of BMD. In subjects aged 60~69 years, . time of walking only and in total subjects. EXP per body weight pocket money were positively significant independent predictors ofBMD. This study suggest that EXP and pocket money are major constituents affection lumbar spine BMD in postmenopausal women.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.187-194
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• 2020

Bone mineral density is a examination to measure the amount of bone in patients with metabolic bone disease. It is a low dose, but may cause unnecessary exposure to the gonads and other organs located in the periphery when examining the lumbar and proximal femurs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluated the exposure dose for each organ exposed during the bone mineral density through simulation, and analyzed the applicability of the subject to radiation shielding devices using 3D printing materials. As a result, the highest dose was shown at 11.47 uSv in the breast during lumbar examination and 8.98 uSv in the testis during proximal femur examination. Also, the farther away from the examination site, the lower the effect of the scattering-ray. The shielding effect of using 3D printing shielding device showed high results in proportion to the effective atomic number and specific gravity of the printing material. Among the printing materials, ABS + W showed an effect of at least 78.72 to 96.3 9% compared to the existing lead material.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2020

본 연구는 사육밀도에 따른 토종오리고기의 육질 특성을 비교 분석하기 위해 수행되었다. 사육밀도를 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 및 9수/㎡로 나누어 총 6처리구, 4반복으로 구성하였으며, 8주령 토종 실용오리(2.8±0.2 kg)의 가슴육(pH, 육색, 이화학적 성상 분석)과 다리육(지방산 함량 분석)을 이용하였다. pH는 사육밀도가 높아짐에 따라 선형 및 2차 함수 형태로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 토종오리고기의 수분, 지방, 단백질 함량은 처리구 간에 유의차가 없었다. 회분의 함량은 사육밀도가 높아짐에 따라 선형으로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 육색(CIE L*, CIE a* 및 CIE b*)과 가열감량은 사육밀도가 높아짐에 따라 선형으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 전단력과 보수력은 처리구간 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. Palmitic acid(C16:0)와 stearic acid(C18:0) 함량은 사육밀도가 높아짐에 따라 2차 함수 형태로 감소하였다(P<0.05). Linoleic acid(C18:1n9)와 eicosenoic acid(C20:1n9) 함량은 사육밀도가 높아지면서 선형으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). γ-Linoleic acid(C18:3n6) 함량은 사육밀도가 높아짐에 따라 선형 및 2차 함수 형태로 증가하였으나(P<0.05), arachidonic acid(C20:4n6) 함량은 감소하였다(P<0.05). SFA와 TUFA는 처리구 사이에서 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 사육밀도가 높아짐에 따라 MUFA는 선형으로 증가하였으며(P<0.05), PUFA는 선형으로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 본 연구의 결과들은 사육밀도가 토종오리에 미치는 영향에 대한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.407-416
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the comparison of growth development, bone mineral density and nutrient intakes between double income families' preschool children(DIFPC) and full-time housewives' preschool children(FHPC). Subjects were 111 preschool children. Anthropometric characteristics and bone mineral density in right forearm were measured. The questionnaire was composed of health status, life style, dietary behaviors, and dietary intakes and was completed by the children's mothers. The average age of the DIFPC(n=60) was 53.02 months and that of the FHPC(n=51) was 54.80 months. The birth height and weight of the subjects were 50.47㎝ and 3.27㎏ for DIFPC and 50.85㎝ and 3.36㎏ for FHPC, respectively. The average height, weight, % body fat, and obesity index were 108.50㎝, 18.35㎏, 15.35%, 96.71% in DIFPC and 111.46㎝, 19.64㎏, 16.80%, 97.31% in FHPC, respectively. The bone mineral density in forearm of two groups were 0.24g/㎠ in all. The infant feeding method was significantly different between DIFPC and FHPC; 58.9% of DIFPC was fed formula, while 44.4% of FHPC was fed breast milk(p<0.05). Proportions of children for their regular meal were 59.4%, 89.6%, and 61.0% for breakfast, lunch, and dinner, respectively. The major reasons for irregular meal were lack of time and poor appetite for breakfast and snacks for lunch and dinner. Most of the children answered they have snack over once a day, and 60.0% have unbalanced diet. The intakes of energy, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B1, niacin, and vitamin C did not meet the Korean RDAs. The intakes of K and vitamin A for DIFPC were significantly higher than those of FHPC(p<0.05, p<0.05). In conclusion, double income families' preschool children more have a low frequency of breast feeding and low intakes of micro nutrients, such as K and vitamin A than full-time housewives' ones.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권3호
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• pp.391-396
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• 2010

수관화 위험성 평가에 필요한 소나무 수관층 연료특성을 분석하기 위해 수관 부위별로 연료량을 추정할 수 있는 상대생장식을 개발하고, 수관연료밀도를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 대구 팔공산의 소나무 임분을 대상으로 10본의 소나무를 벌채하고, 수간, 가지, 잎 부분의 고사여부와 가지의 굵기 별로 구분하여 무게를 측정하였다. 상대생장식은 흉고직경(D) 또는 흉고직경과 수고(H)를 이용하는 회귀식을 이용하여 추정하였다. 평균적으로 추정식 lnWt=${\alpha}+{\beta}lnD+{\gamma}lnH$의 결정계수가 가장 높고(${R^2}_{adj}$=0.835-0.996) 표준추정오차가 가장 낮았지만(SEE=0.074-0.638), 잎과 작은 가지 항목에서는 추정식들간 결정계수 및 표준추정오차의 차이가 미미하였다. 각 부위별 연료량을 수관체적으로 나눈 수관연료 밀도는 잎만을 고려했을 때 0.067 kg/$m^3$, 잎과 직경이 0.5 cm 이하인 가지까지 포함했을 때 0.097 kg/$m^3$로 나타났다. 흉고직경이 증가함에도 잎과 잔가지 부위의 수관연료밀도 증가폭은 미미하였다.

• 한국건강관리협회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.73-96
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• 2004

Along with a development of medical technology, a variety of tests, such as laboratory tests, x-ray and endoscopies are being used in health screening tests. As the tests determine the quality of health screening, test items and methods should be carefully selected. This study was to get hold of the test items of major health screening programs in Korea Most of the health screening programmes focused upon detection of risk factors and diagnosis of life - style related diseases (diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, hypercholesterolemia, overweight, drinking, smoking, cerebrovascular diseases, osteoporosis) ,cancers (stomach, cervix, lung, breast, liver, colon, prostate, ovary, pancreas, thyroid, esophagus) , infectious diseases (hepatitis, tuberculosis, sexually-transmitted diseases, parasites) , chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, chronic renal diseases (bacteriuria hematuria, proteinuria) , anemia, glaucoma, hearing loss, Alzheimer disease, stress, early psychiatric diseases. The health screening tests were basic physical examination, basic laboratory tests (CBC, urinalysis, liver function tests, lipid tests, glucose, HbAlc, uric acid, electrolytes, serological tests (HBsAg, HBs-Ab, HCV-Ab, HIV-Ab, VDRL) EKG, x-ray (chest PA, CT) , endoscopy (gastroscopy, colonoscopy) , sonography(abdomen, thyroid, pelvis, breast) ,cytology (cervix) , bone density, tumor markets (NMP22, alpha-FP, CEA, CA-19-9, CA12S, PSA) and eye tests. Advanced technologies, like CT, PET, MRI, MRT/Angio, molecular testings) were widely used in hospital health screening programmes .In summary, a variety of tests were utilized in health screening in Korea. Those tests were utilized by stages or according to sex and age in most of health screening programmes, however a few program used tests to excess disregarding health screening subjects.

• 한국건강관리협회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.9-25
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• 2004

Along with a development of medical technology, a variety of tests, such as laboratory tests, x-ray and endoscopies are being used in health screening tests. As the tests determine the quality of health screening, test items of major health screening program in Korea. Most, of the health screening programmes focused upon detection of risk factors and diagnosis of life-style related diseases(diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, hypercholesterolemia, overweight, drinking, smoking, cerebrovascular diseases, osteoporosis), cancers(stomach, cervix, lung, breast, liver, colon, prostate, ovary, pancreas, thyroid, esophagus), infections diseases(hepatitis, tuberculosis, sexually-transmitted diseases, parasites), chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, chronic renal diseases(bacteriuria, hematuria, proteinuria), anemia, glaucoma, hearing loss, Alzheimer disease, stress and earlypsychiatric diseases. The health screening tests were basic physical examination, basic laboratory tests( CBC, urinalysis, liver function tests, lipid tests, glucose, HbA1c, uric acid, electrolytes, serological tests(HBsAg, HBs-Ab, HCV-Ab, HIV-Ab, VDRL) EKG, x-ray(chest PA, CT) endoscopy(gastroscopy, colonoscopy), sonography (abdomen, thyroid, pelvis, breast), cytology(cervix), bone density, tumor markers(NMP22, alpha-FP, CEA, CA-19-9, CA125, PSA and eye tests. Advanced technologies, like CT, PET, MRI, MRI/Angio, molecular testing were widly used in hospital based health screening programmes. In summary, a variety of tests were untilized in health screening in Korea. Those tests were utilized by stages or according to sex and age in most of health screening programmes, however a few programs used tests excessvely disregarding health screening subjects.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.692-698
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• 2005

Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of graded levels of dietary chromium and leucine, and different fat sources on performance and body composition of broiler chickens. The results showed that chromium picolinate at 0.5 ppm significantly (p<0.05) lowered the carcass fat level. Gut weight and carcass water content were increased as a result of chromium treatment. Body weight, plucked weight, carcass weight, abdominal fat pad weight, breast yield and feed efficiency were unaffected by chromium treatment. Leucine did not interact with chromium to effect lean growth. Dietary leucine above the recommended maintenance level (1.2% of diet) markedly (p<0.001) reduced the breast muscle yield. The addition of fish oil to broiler diets reduced (p<0.05) the abdominal fat pad weights compared to birds on linseed diets. Fish oil is believed to improve lean growth through the effects of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in lowering the very low-density lipoprotein levels and triglyceride in the blood, in the meantime increasing glucose uptake into the muscle tissue in blood and by minimizing the negative impact of the immune system on protein breakdown. The amount of fat in the diet (2% or 4%) did not affect body composition.

• 한국건강관리협회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.215-230
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• 2004

Along with a development of medical technology, a variety of tests, such as laboratory tests, x-ray and endoscopies are being used in health screening tests. As the tests determine the quality of health screening, test items and methods should be carefully selected. This study was to get hold of the test items of major health screening programs in Korea. Most of the health screening programmes focused upon detection of risk factors and diagnosis of life-style related diseases(diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, hypercholesterolemia, overweight, drinking, smoking, cerebrovascular diseases, osteoporosis) ,cancers(stomach, cervix, lung, breast, liver, colon, prostate, ovary, pancreas, thyroid, esophagus), infectious diseases (hepatitis, tuberculosis, sexually-transmitted diseases, parasites),chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, chronic renal diseases(bacteriuria, hematuria, proteinuria), anemia, glaucoma, hearing loss, Alzheimer disease, stress, early Psychiatric diseases. The health screening tests were basic physical examination, basic laboratory tests(CBC, urinalysis, liver function tests, lipid tests, glucose, HbAlc, uric acid, electrolytes, serological tests(HBsAg, HBs-Ab, HCV-Ab, HIV-Ab, VDRL) EKG, x-ray(chest PA, CT), endoscopy (gastroscopy, colonoscopy) , sonography(abdormen, thyroid, pelvis, breast) , cytology(cervix) ,bone density, tumor markers(NMP22, alpha-FP, CEA, CA-19-9, CA12S, PSA) and eye tests. Advanced technologies, like CT, PET, MIRI, MIRI/Angio, molecular testings) were widely usedin hospital health screening programmes. In summary, a variety of were utilized by stages or programmes, however a few subjects. tests were utilized in health screening in Korea. Those tests according to sex and age in most of health screening program used tests to excess disregarding health screening subject.