• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.53 no.11
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• pp.817-843
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• 2015

Korean dentist's new mission was extended in dental practice field since the National Liberation Day of Korea. Modern dentistry development were due to the introduction of american dentistry, the development of Military dentistry, the unified academic activities koreans dental Association and improvement of korean dentist system. Modern dentistry development factors were as follows, First, Seoul National University's professors have been sent for studying abroad since May 1954. Thanks to this advanced system, each dental department established branch academy. Researchers and academic activities were increased in Seoul National University, Second, from January 1954, the military started training program to the korean dentists in the United States, and also the korean dentists were sent to the US Army hospital in korea for practical training courses (On the Job Training) so they could get chances to learn the advanced dentistry. During the korean war, the oral surgery dentists enlarged treatments to the maxillofacial field. Third, korean Dental academy meeting, special lectures and tables clinic from 1947 were contributing to the development of modern dentistry in the transmission of knowledge and skills. Since 1955 "Dentistry(齒學)" with a focus on the translation of foreign literature also developed modern dentistry. Since 1958 the International dental conference could broaden dental knowledge, it also provided opportunities to communicate with the world dentistry. On Oct 11, 1962, revised the Articles of association in Korean Dental academy and korean dental association unified meeting and enhanced the conferences. Improvement of korean dentist system in 1964 unified the dentists as new dentist education. Articles, case reports, review articles and academic meetings of korean dental association from 1946 to 1969 analyzed to demonstrate the development of korean modern dentistry, The titles and lectures were classified according to department and they were organized by topic.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2001

A 42 year-old male with a history of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis suddenly developed massive hemoptysis. Embolization of a bronchial artery branch and the collateral systemic arteries did not resolve the recurrent bleeding. Spiral computerized tomography(spiral CT) of the chest showed contrast enhanced nodules within a large cavity at the left lower lobe in the arterial phase suggesting a Rasmussen aneurysm. A pulmonary angiogram showed abnormal vascular nodules at that site. Coils were deployed at both the proximal and distal vessels of this aneurysmal sac for embolization. Transcatheter arterial embolization is a safe and effective means of controlling bleeding from this pulmonary arterial pseudoaneurysm. Here we report a case of a Rasmussen aneurysm diagnosed by spiral CT, which was successfully treated by pulmonary arterial embolization with a coil.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.7 no.2 s.14
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• pp.133-141
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• 1999

Collapse of a huge structural material has brought about enormous loss of lives and property. Every construction may be destroyed by the nature's power and careless mistake of human as well as its own defect. So a great number of concern and detailed managing technique are demanded not in constructing work but also in management of constructed material. The Interest of construction safety has Increased rapidly and a plenty of effort has been attempted to manage systematically. In this study, the use of FM(Facilities Management) as a branch of GSIS(Geo-spatial Information System) was developed to offer the users convenient managing achievement and establishment of history managing system in the bridge management system. This study accomplished dividing all information of images, photos, drawing and etc. into their items of time, material and the person in charge, and developed to stue and maintain those items in database. Related database which is composed of recording of check, retrieving and adding the data was accomplished to an easy access of database, and by using these data as output for example images, m display, report and hard copy, this system was proved to help manage efficiently in bridge management system.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6327-6330
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• 2015

Background: Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive and malignant brain tumor. Risk factors are largely unknown however, although several biomarkers have been identified which may support development, angiogenesis and invasion of tumor cells. One of these biomarkers is PAI-1.4G/5G and A-844G are two common polymorphisms in the gene promotor of PAI 1 that may be related to high transcription and expression of this gene. Studies have shown that the prevalence of the 4G and 844G allele is significantly higher in patients with some cancers and genetic disorders. Materials and Methods: We here assessed the association of 4G/5G and A-844G polymorphisms with glioblastoma cancer risk in Iranians in a case-control study. All 71 patients with clinically confirmed and 140 volunteers with no history and symptoms of glioblastoma as control group were screened for 4G/5G and A-844G polymorphisms of PAI-1, using ARMS-PCR. Genotype and allele frequencies of case and control groups were analyzed using the DeFinetti program. Results: Our results showed significant associations between 4G/5G (p=0.01824) and A-844G (p = 0.02012) polymorphisms of the PAI-1 gene with glioblastoma cancer risk in our Iranian population. Conclusions: The results of this study supporting an association of the PAI-1 4G/5G (p=0.01824) and A-844G (p = 0.02012) polymorphisms with increasing glioblastoma cancer risk in Iranian patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7613-7618
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• 2015

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common hematologic malignancies which accounts for one fourth of all childhood cancer cases. Exposure to environmental factors around the time of conception or pregnancy can increase the risk of ALL in the offspring. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of prenatal and postnatal exposure to high voltage power lines on the incidence of childhood ALL. It also examines the role of various factors such as environmental factors and alpha-amylase as a marker in the development of leukemia.This cross-sectional case control study was carried out on 22 cases and 100 controls who born and lived in low socioeconomic families in Tehran and were hospitalized for therapeutic purposes in different hospitals ofrom 2013-2014. With regard to the underlying risk factors; familial history and parental factors were detected as risk factors of ALL but in this age, socioeonomic and zonal matched case control study, prenatal and childhood exposure to high voltage power lines was considered as the most important environmental risk factor (p=0.006, OR=3.651, CI 95% 1.692-7.878). As the population study was from low socioeconomic state, use of mobiles, computers and microwaves was negligible. Moreover prenatal and postnatal exposure to all indoor electrically charged objects were not detected as significant environmental factors in the present study. This work defined the risk of environmental especially continuous pre and postnatal exposure to high voltage power lines and living in pollutant regions through the parents or children as well as the previously described risk factors of ALL for the first time in low socioeconomic status Iranian population.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.111-125
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• 2006

This quantitative study was conducted to examine the relationship between weight control behaviors and disordered eating patterns in some university students. This study used a cross-sectional study design. A total of 347 students from three universities participated in this study (88 male and 259 female) Eating disorders were assessed using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26); a score of =20 identifies individuals who likely have an eating disorder, including anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. A score for healthy dietary behaviors was obtained by self-assessment on a healthy diet scale (20-item questionnaire), and the severity of any state-trait anxiety was calculated by the state-trait anxiety inventory (40-item questionnaire). In the analyzed results, the percentage of participants with experience of weight control was 58% in male and 73% in female. The subjects with a high risk of an eating disorder (score of =20 of EAT-26) were 44.3% ($mean{\pm}S.D;\;18.9{\pm}13.4$) of the males, and 57.9% ($mean{\pm}S.D;\;23.2{\pm}11.6$) of the females. Higher Body Mass Index (BMI) was significantly related with an increased risk for an eating disorder in females, but not in males. In the group who had attempted weight control of all types, there was a severe risk of an eating disorder. Increased eating disorder risk was significantly related with weight control behaviors such as a higher number of attempts at weight control, having used medication, having experienced side effects, and having experienced disease for both sexes. Therefore, the results of this paper showed that detrimental behaviors of weight control are connected to an increased risk of eating disorders. Consequently, education regarding the correct, behaviors of weight control is necessary to prevent eating disorders in adolescents.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.207-232
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• 2005

This study is for an example of arbitration of a dining out franchise company in Korea and franchise system currently is expanding and developing to international trade. The main reason for that is franchising has some benefits compared to the existing trades. Korean dining-out industry has largely developed for the past 20 years, but there are little world-class company of the industry, because dining-out industry should go for qualitative as well as quantitative growth at the same time. Korean dining-out industry has adopted licensing and joint-venture among growth strategies, but the franchise system among them seems to have taken its place as a representative strategy for management to develop dining-out industry. The history of Korean dining-out franchise industry is very short and it is true that we have no a management philosophy of accompanying growth with franchise due to a short experiences and recognition of top management or managers and short-term strategy for branch expansion. For a brilliant growth of dining-out franchise industry, to settle disputes through arbitration, in case of disputes taking place, is very important, because the franchise industry is a frequent-trading sector, requires expert-level knowledge, favors a closed examination and also needs a fast solution. As the franchise industry has been sharply growing around the world, there is more possibility of disputes, and various and complicated laws of the industry are related to disputes as well, so much more expert-level knowledge is required to solve disputes. Therefore, affiliated headquarters hope a disclosed settlement of their disputes and their any disputes should be fast settled for the benefits of affiliated members.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.239-244
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• 2015

Background: One of the causes of acute leukemia can be exposure to certain chemicals such as pesticides. This study determined the relationship between exposure to pesticides and the occurrence of acute leukemia in Fars province, south of Iran. Materials and Methods: Between April 2011 and April 2013 in a case-control study conducted in Nemazee Hospital in Shiraz, Southern Iran; 314 subjects diagnosed with acute leukemia (94 pediatric cases and 220 adults) were enrolled to determine any correlation between exposure to pesticides and the occurrence. Controls (n=314) were matched by sex and age. Results: There was a history of exposure to pesticides among 85% of pediatric cases and 69% of their controls and 83% of adult cases and 75% of their controls while 87.5% of pediatric cases and 90% of adult cases reported exposure to intermediate and high doses of pesticides and among the controls, the exposure to low doses of pesticides was 70.5% and 65%, respectively. Exposure to indoor pesticides was seen among most of cases and controls. Being a farmer was at a significantly more increased risk of developing acute leukemia in comparison to other jobs, especially for their children. Conclusions: Exposure to pesticides was shown to be one of the most important causes of acute leukemia. It seems that there is a need to educate the people on public health importance of exposure to pesticides especially during school time to reduce the risk of malignancies during childhood.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4815-4818
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• 2013

Background: Atrophic epithelium of cervix sampled from postmenopausal women may mimic high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Papanicolaou-stained (Pap) smears. Ki-67 (MIB-1) protein presents on proliferating cells, and percentage of cells with positive nuclei provides a reliable tool for rapid evaluation of the growth fraction. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of protein Ki67 staining in atypical pap smears of postmenopausal women. Methods: In a case-control setting, pap smears of 75 women with an atypical pap smear (case group) and 75 with normal pap smears (controls) were obtained before and after estrogen treatment. Afterward, samples were exposed to the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 (MIB-1) and the immunohistochemically demonstrated Ki-67+ cells were compared. Results: Mean ages of cases and controls were $60.4{\pm}4.5$ and $59.9{\pm}4.3$ years respectively (P=0.50). There was one (2.7%) positive Ki-67 specimen in the case group, without any positive Ki-67 specimen in the control group (P=0.50). Conclusions: Measurement of proliferative activity index in Pap smears restrained with MIB1 is a simple, reliable, and cost-effective method for excluding negatives. This would imply that it might allow a substantial reduction of diagnostic estrogen courses and subsequent Pap smears in postmenopausal women with atypical findings.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.3 s.62
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• pp.10-20
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• 2007

The materials on the development of modern architecture in Korea are being collected and organized in a systemic fashion. However, this is not the case with the materials relative to interior design. They are gradually disappearing or being lost. In particular, no serious attempt has yet been made to determine the characteristics and historic value of the interior design of the modern bank buildings. The purpose of this study is to trace the disappearing legacy of the interior design of modern bank buildings by learning the inner space arrangements of these buildings and the characteristics of modern interior design in order to determine the historic significance of modern commercial interior design. Banks of relatively large scale were selected for the purpose of this study. They consisted of: Chosun Bank(1911) and its Andong, Wonsan and Cheongjin branches; Chosun Shiksan Banks and its Busan, Daegu and Pyongyang branches; the Busan branch of the 18 Bank; Dongil Bank, Chosun Savings Bank(1935) and their branches. The study focused on the space arrangements and design characteristics of these banks. Although they aimed at modernization in designingtheir interior spaces, the modern bank buildings were not representative of any particular style of interior design. While western style designs were prevalent, eclectic designs incorporating many different styles existed. The characteristics of the interior design of banks of the time included installation of such decorations and use of high quality construction materials for interior and exterior expressing the wealth as to create an aura of credibility for the banks, while the floor arrangements were relatively stereotyped and simplified.