• 제목/요약/키워드: Brain Research

검색결과 3,371건 처리시간 0.033초

Brain Mapping Using Neuroimaging

  • Tae, Woo-Suk;Kang, Shin-Hyuk;Ham, Byung-Joo;Kim, Byung-Jo;Pyun, Sung-Bom
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • 제46권4호
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    • pp.179-183
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    • 2016
  • Mapping brain structural and functional connections through the whole brain is essential for understanding brain mechanisms and the physiological bases of brain diseases. Although region specific structural or functional deficits cause brain diseases, the changes of interregional connections could also be important factors of brain diseases. This review will introduce common neuroimaging modalities, including structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging, and other recent neuroimaging analyses methods, such as voxel-based morphometry, cortical thickness analysis, local gyrification index, and shape analysis for structural imaging. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, TRActs Constrained by UnderLying Anatomy for diffusion MRI, and independent component analysis for fMRI also will also be introduced.

Blood-Brain Barrier Interfaces and Brain Tumors

  • Lee Sae-Won;Kim Woo-Jean;Park Jeong-Ae;Choi Yoon-Kyung;Kwon Yoo-Wook;Kim Kyu-Won
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.265-275
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    • 2006
  • In the developing brain, capillaries are differentiated and matured into the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is composed of cerebral endothelial cells, astrocyte end-feet, and pericytes. Since the BBB regulates the homeostasis of central nervous system (CNS), the maintenance of the BBB is important for CNS function. The disruption of the BBB may result in many brain disorders including brain tumors. However, the molecular mechanism of BBB formation and maintenance is poorly understood. Here, we summarize recent advances in the role of oxygen tension and growth factors on BBB development and maintenance, and in BBB dysfunction related with brain tumors.

Neuroprotective Effect of 8-OH-DPAT on Long-term Sequelae from Prenatal Ischemia in Rats

  • Lee, Se-Oul;Zhang, Tie-Yuan;Kim, Gun-Tae;Kim, Hee-Soo;Lee, Jong-Doo;Jahng, Jeong-Won;Kim, Dong-Goo
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • 제6권6호
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    • pp.293-297
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    • 2002
  • The role of 5-hydroxytryptamine $(5-HT)_1A$ receptor activity in prenatal ischemia was studied, by injecting 8-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetraline (8-OH-DPAT; $50{\mu}g/kg,$ s.c.), a $5-HT_1A$ agonist on gestation day 17, and 30 min later inducing transient ischemia by ligating the uterine vessels for 30 min. On postnatal day 95, rats that had experienced prenatal ischemia showed impaired motor coordination and reduced concentration of 5-HT in the cerebellum compared with Sham-operated controls. In addition, they showed increased $5-HT_1A$ receptor densities in the cerebral cortex. Pretreatment with 8-OH-DPAT ameliorated the behavioral and neurochemical sequelae measured in the present study. The results suggest that $5-HT_1A$ receptors protect the brain from ischemic insult and/or facilitate recovery after prenatally experienced ischemia.

KBUD: The Korea Brain UniGene Database

  • Jeon, Yeo-Jin;Oh, Jung-Hwa;Yang, Jin-Ok;Kim, Nam-Soon
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • 제3권3호
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    • pp.86-93
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    • 2005
  • Human brain EST data provide important clues for our understanding of the molecular biology associated with the function of the normal brain and the molecular pathophysiology with brain disorders. To systematically and efficiently study the function and disorders of the human brain, 45,773 human brain ESTs were collected from 27 human brain cDNA libraries, which were constructed from normal brains and brain disorders such as brain tumors, Parkinson's disease (PO) and epilepsy. An analysis of 45,773 human brain ESTs using our EST analysis pipeline resulted in 38,396 high-quality ESTs and 35,906 ESTs, which were coalesced into 8,246 unique gene clusters, showing a significant similarity to known genes in the human RefSeq, human mRNAs and UniGene database. In addition, among 8,246 gene clusters, 4,287 genes ($52\%$) were found to contain full-length cONA clones. To facilitate the extraction of useful information in collected these human brain ESTs, we developed a user-friendly interface system, the Korea Brain Unigene Database (KBUD). The KBUD web interface allows access to our human brain data through three major search modes, the BioCarta pathway, keywords and BLAST searches. Each result when viewed in KBUD offers comprehensive information concerning the analyzed human brain ESTs provided by our data as well as data linked to various other publiC databases. The user-friendly developed KBUD, the first world-wide web interface for human brain EST data with ESTs of human brain disorders as well as normal brains, will be a helpful system for developing a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the normal brain well as brain disorders. The KBUD system is freely accessible at http://kugi.kribb.re.kr/KU/cgi -bin/brain. pI.