• 지질공학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 1992

불연속면을 갖는 암체는 거의 대부분 조도를 가지고, 이 조도는 전단강도에 영향을 크게 미치므로 불연속면을 갖는 화강암류(15개), 편마암류(7개), 안산암류(1개) 등을 연구대상으로 하여 전단마찰각(${\Phi}_p$), 조도의 한계응력(${\sigma}_r$) 및 전단파괴강도(${\tau}$_o)를 도출하여 불연속면에 있어서의 전단강도($\tau$)를 규명한 것이다. 1. 조도는 단계전단력에 따라 마찰각은 ${\Phi}_i=38.03^{\circ}$에서 $33.21^{\circ}$로 감소하고 있다. 즉 초기때가 가장 높고, 말기때가 가장 낮다. 2. 조도각(i)의 한계는 $45^{\circ}$ 이내 (시험치:$43^{\circ}$)에 분포하고, 절리조도계수(JRC)는 14를 넘지않으며, $JRC=-4.63{\;}Ln{\sigma}n+5.63$을 경계로한 분포 범위에 있다. 3. 조도한계응력 ${\sigma}_T$는 0.1-3.65Mpa일때 전단파괴강도 ${\tau}_o$는 0.01-0.46Mpa가 되고, 이들 불연속면의 전단강도 $\tau$는 3.65-39.11Mpa로 되어 있어서 만일 이 이상의 하중이 가해 졌을때 그 암체는 붕괴 및 활동이 일어날 것이다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2004

This thesis aims to provide an analytical basis for existing or new prescriptions based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines. To this end, prescriptions presented in the Various Changes in the Dominations of the Six Energies and their Relations with the Diseases of Plain Questions were analyzed based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines in Yellow Emperor's Canon of Internal Medicine. This thesis focused on symptoms and prescriptions based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines, which were described in the Various Changes in the Dominations of the Six Energies and their Relations with the Diseases of Plain Questions with regard to the year when Taeyang is affecting the earth energy and the cold energy is partially over-abundant. Those symptoms and prescriptions originate from the theory of the five elements and six climates. The symptoms were analyzed from the perspective of physiology. The prescriptions were first analyzed based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines in Yellow Emperor's Canon of Internal Medicine. Then, a mix formula of oriental medicines pursuant to those prescriptions was studied. Lastly, established prescriptions, which were in conformity with the above prescriptions, were selected. From the physiological point of view, symptoms with regard to the year when Taeyang is affecting the earth energy and the cold energy is partially over-abundant can be, based on the theory of the five elements and six climates, diagnosed as the symptoms from impaired heart due to excessive cold energy. Established prescriptions pursuant to prescriptions based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines can be broken down into the following: Cassia Twig, White Peony and Anemarrhena Decoction (Gyejijakyakjimotang); Rhemannia Bolus with Eight Herbs (Palmijihoanghoan); Back to the Left Pill (Joaguihoan); Bone-Strengthening Pill (Hojamhoan); Major Eum-Replenishing Pill (Daeboeumhoan). Therefore, symptoms of six kinds of weather presented in the Various Changes in the Dominations of the Six Energies and their Relations with the Diseases of Plain Questions can be analyzed from the physiological point of view. As a result, in addition to the methodology that analyzes existing prescriptions within the boundary of the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines in Yellow Emperor's Canon of Internal Medicine, it is expected that a theoretical basis for new prescriptions can be provided by analyzing established prescriptions based on prescriptions from the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.167-168
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• 2003

The Upo wetland, the largest natural wetland in Korea, is located in Changnyeong-gun, Gyeongsannam Province ($35^{\circ}33'$ N, $128^{\circ}25'$ E), and 70 km upstream from the Nakdong River estuary. Unlike most other Korean wetlands that have been destroyed under the name of economic development, the Upo wetland has been able to preserve its precious ecosystem throughout the years. Thanks to increased public awareness about natural wetlands and environmental conservation, the Korean Ministry of Environment designated the Upo wetland an 'Ecological Conservation Area' on July 26th, 1997. On March 2nd of the following year, the Upo wetland (8.54 $\textrm{km}^2$) was designated a 'Protected Wetland' in accordance with the international Ramsar Treaty. A 4.49m long (from 9.73 to 5.24 m in altitude) UP-1 core ($35^{\circ}33'05"N$, $128^{\circ}25'17"E$), recovered in the marginal part of the Upo wetland, is divided into eight buried paleosol units of different ages on the basis of the abundance of color mottles and vertical color variations (Aslan et al., 1998). Radiocarbon datings suggested that the paleosol profile represent the last 5700 years. The entire section of the core was more or less subjected to pedogenetic processes, and shows very weak to moderate soil profile development. These Holocene paleosols are therefore regarded as synsedimentary soils of deluvium (deposits formed by floods) origin (Sycheva et al., 2003). Unit 1 to 5 paleosols are generally silt-rich and exhibit moderate profile development. The boundaries between the units are somewhat distinguishable, but not so clear cut. This is due to variable repeated combination of accumulation, denudation and soil forming processes within various periods. Mottle textures gradually decrease in abundance with increasing clay content in Unit 6, which results in weak profile development. The lower boundary of Unit 6 lies around about 2000 yrBP, the beginning of Subatlantic in Korea (Kim et al., 2001). Abrupt sediment textural change is detected in Unit 7, which is interpreted to indicate the human activities on the Upo wetland. Unit 8 represents the recent soil forming processes. The preliminary results of this ongoing study imply the primary factor for pedogenetic processes is the water table fluctuations related to the sedimentary textures like grain size distributions, and the geomorphological stability of the Upo wetland.o wetland.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.338-344
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• 1999

Floating debris was recorded from a training ship, $\sharp$1 Kwanaksan, of Pukyong National University with about 10 knots speed at July 15th and 20th of 1997. The sampled area is the middle of southern sea of Korea, divided into 44 unit segments on survey routes. Debris fabrication materials were categorized with 6 items using the following; man-made or natural wood items, paper and cardboard, nylon netting and rope, styrofoam, plastics, floating metal and glass containers. All identified items within a 100 $\pm$ 2 m wide band were recorded but ignored if beyond this boundary. The results of distribution and transport of floating debris in the area are as follows: 1. The quantities of debris during the survey were distributed from $1.6\~369.7\;items/km^2$. The most obvious trend is the widespread distribution of all debris. The highest densities of all debris were discovered in the coastal waters of Namhae and Yokji island, and of about 50 km off from the southward of Yokji and about 74 km off from the eastward of Komun island. Especially many of small styrofoams within $\phi$20 cm were observed in these segments. 2. Styrofoams and plastics were composed of $83.5\%$ among all debris, next woods items, $9.8\%$. 3. The quantities, distribution shapes and composition of debris were varied as the observed duration and the natures of each items. 4. These phenomena are concluded that firstly they depend on the river discharges included debris due to precipitation falls, secondly inflow or dumping debris are drifting to the off-shore by Kuroshio currents present at their adjacent sea, But on the basis of the observed data it is difficult that source position, quantities and inflow items of debris are identified, and also the transport processes is pursue. further more surveys are continuously being investigated, and from this it is hoped that a much wider coverage can be achieved, perhaps on all sites of the Coast of Korea and contributed to the stationary area, finding of sources, removal method of debris and resistants of marine productivity.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.120-138
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• 2006

A city evolves over time. It grows, transforms, and sometimes degrades. Chuncheon is at a turning point from a city souggling with regulations regarding clean water supply and a military encampment to a masterpiece city with a sustainable vision. The city is getting ready to restructure itself to become a world-famous culture and tourism complex expanding its physical boundary across the Camp Page site and absorbing Jungdo as a major tourist attraction. The landscape in the future blueprint of Chuncheon will play a great role in restructuring urban form. The regenerated in will have a new networked open space system as well as re-evaluated landscape resources. The hybrid theoretical practice called 'landscape urbanism' burgeoning in the fields between 'landscape architecture' and 'urbanism' can guide us in considering the terms of the relationship between a city and landscape when we design a future city Landscape urbanism is considered to be an effective framework by which we can diagnose the current status of a landscape in our contemporary urban design practice in Korea. This paper tries to provide a different perspective from the viewpoint of landscape urbanism to decipher the hidden implications of the social agreement on the role of landscape in urban structure by re-reading eight design proposals presented for the ChunCheon G5 international design competition based on the main principles of landscape urbanism. The G5 design competition is a great opportunity to test out new ideas on a city, demonstrating the relative values among various urban-design professional realms. First, this paper provides an overview of the main ideas of landscape urbanism based on the literature review and case studies. Second, framework categories are suggested in order to extract the explicit and implicit ideas on the landscape. Third, eight proposals are reviewed according to the suggested categories to situate the current landscape design of Korea within the mainstream of contemporary practice of landscape urbanism. Based on the review of eight proposals, the following diagnostic conclusions are made; first, the ideas of landscape urbanism have not been actively introduced in large-scaled urban landscape projects in Korea like Chuncheon G5. Second, it remains to be a big task for landscape professions to be able to participate in design consortiums on an equal footing. Third, In order to introduce and reify the ideas of landscape urbanism in Korea, it is inevitable and critical to test the ideas in both academic fields and professional practices to find the appropriately adjusted model of landscape urbanism.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.685-691
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• 2007

건설교통부는 2007. 1. 1 (2009.12. 신구좌표병행) 세계측지계 전면 시행 방침에 따라 철도측량의 내실화 그리고 기술력 제고를 위하여 호남고속철도건설 사업수행에 요구되는 수치지도를 항공측량을 통해 제작하였으며 이와 함께 철도기준점(GPS 정밀 3등기준점)측량을 실시, 보다 정밀한 철도 중심선형 좌표값 과 수준값을 획득할 수 있었다. 또한 국토지리정보원은 세계측지계 변환지침에 의거 국가좌표변환계수 및 왜곡량 모델을 고시하였다. 호남고속철도의 경우 좌표변환을 위해 공통기준점을 새로이 설치하지 않고 중심측량 및 종횡단측량을 위해 이미 구축된 철도기준점을 공통기준점으로 가정하여 변환을 실시하고자 한다. 따라서 본 논문은 남북축으로 계획된 호남고속철도 사례를 통해 현재의 계획노선을 선형 중심축으로 가정하고 철도기준점을 이용한 좌표변환을 실시후 결과에 대한 분석을 통해 변환가능성 여부를 판단하고자 한다. 좌표변환 실시 후 분석결과 Y축 왜곡량 값이 최소 21cm에서 최대 40cm까지 완만한 직선축으로 감소함을 확인할 수 있었고, X축은 $14cm\sim29cm$의 왜곡량을 보였으며 이러한 왜곡량을 보정한 결과 좌표간 편차량이 $6mm{\sim}9mm$로 국토지리정보원의 세계측지계 변환 지침에 따른 허용오차 및 지적경계측량 허용오차인 10cm를 만족시켰다. 이러한 결과는 철도기준점을 공통기준점(Common Point)으로 이용한 중심선형좌표 변환이 가능함을 설명할 수 있으며 동시에 공통점의 데이터, 좌표데이터, 수치지도의 변환도 허용오차범위내에서 변환이 가능하다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.371-389
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• 2014

이 연구는 '자치구가 아닌 구', 즉 일반구의 선거구획정에서 발생한 그리고 발생할 문제를 분석하는 것이다. 행정구역으로서 일반구는 분명 지방자치단체에 해당되지 않지만, 정부수립 이후 최근까지 여러 공직선거의 선거구획정에 있어 중요한 공간단위로 간주되어 왔다. 하지만 2012년 개정된 '공직선거법'은 투표가치에 대한 평등원칙을 보장하겠다는 이유로 자치구 시 군과는 다르게 일반구에서만 그 일부 지역을 분할 편입시키는 것을 가능하게 했고, 실제 몇몇 일반구에 적용되었다. 동법을 기초로 진행된 제19대 총선을 사례로, 이 연구는 첫째 분할 편입된 일반구 선거구는 기초자치단체 선거구와 비교했을 때 개별 도시 스케일에서는 투표등가치성이 일부 보완되었지만 전국 스케일에서는 오히려 상당히 훼손되었고, 둘째 동일한 일반구 중에서도 분할 편입은 차별적으로 적용 진행되었으며, 이러한 동법 개정과 적용의 차별은 지방행정체제 개편을 고려하면 다음 선거에서는 더욱더 심각한 투표등가치성 훼손을 발생시키게 될 것임을 지적한다. 마지막으로 최근 일반구의 선거구획정을 비롯한 현행 선거구획정 제도와 과정들이 우리정치의 개혁 대상으로 인식되면서 다양한 대안들이 제시되고 있지만, 이 연구는 투표평등권 지역대표성 게리맨더링의 방지 등 서로 충돌하는 여러 선거구획정 원칙과 가치 중에서 우선될 것을 선택하는 논의가 먼저 이루어져야 하고, 그것이 일반구 선거구획정에서 발생하는 문제를 푸는 실마리가 될 것이라고 주장한다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.559-564
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• 1997

뉴헤브리디스 해분은 태평양판과 인도-오스트레일리아판의 경계부에 위치한 고령의 비활동적 비배호상 해분이다. 46 Ma에서 60 Ma 사이에 형성된 뉴헤브리디스 해분은 형성과정상 34 mm/a(42 Ma$\sim$47 Ma)와 17 mm/a(47 Ma$\sim$60 Ma)의 두가지 상이한 확장율을 보이며, 해분의 표층은 0.65 sec두께의 퇴적층으로 전반적으로 고르게 피복되어 있다. 본 연구에서 산출된 해분의 생장 발달 곡선은 $Depth(m)=2689+312\sqrt{Age}(Ma)$라는 수식으로 표현될 수 있으며, 여기서 냉각계수 312는 일반대양저의 350과 매우 유사함을 보이는 것이 특징이다. 이러한 특징은 해분의 암권의 생장 발달과정이 일반대양저와 유사할 가능성을 강력히 시사하고 있는 것으로 사료된다. 해분의 전반적인 후리-에어 중력 이상치는 -22.3 mgal에서 +59.0 mgal까지 심한 변화폭을 보이고 있다. 평균 중력이상치는 +30.2 mgal로 일반대양저에 비해 현저히 높은 값을 나타내고 있다. 이는 일반적으로 잘 나타나지 않는 매우 특이한 현상이다. 이것은 해분 자체가 섭입하는 판경계에 위치해 있어 marginal swell의 형상을 취하고 있기 때문인 것으로 해석된다. 이 swell들은 일반적으로 해구축상에서 대양저를 향해 약 200 km 범위내에서 관찰되어지며, 이들의 후리-에어 중력이상치는 평균 $+50{\sim}160mgal$을 보이는 것이 일반적이다. 해분의 높은 양의 중력이상은 이러한 지형적인 특수성에 기인하는 것으로 보여진다. 해분의 위치적 특성 및 암권 자체의 구부러짐에 따른 불안정성은 뉴 헤브리디스 해분의 대표적인 지질 지구물리학적 특징이라고 할 수 있다.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제35S권12호
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• pp.84-92
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 왼쪽 카메라와 오른쪽 카메라에서 획득된 두 영상에서 변이를 찾는 새로운 비용함수를 제안하였다. Cox 등[10]은 극상선상에서 화소의 밝기값으로 비용함수를 계산한 후, 동적 프로그래밍법을 사용하여 스테레오 정합문제를 해결하였다. 본 논문에서는 밝기값 외에 새로운 두 비용함수를 제안하였다. 하나는 화소의 기울기 정보를 밝기값과 방향성의 가중치를 결정하는 기준으로 사용하는 것이다. 기울기가 큰 화소는 주로 화소의 밝기값에 의해 정합이 이루어지고, 기울기가 작은 화소는 방향성을 이용한 정합이 이루어지도록 비용함수를 조절하였다. 다음으로 현재의 극상선상에서 변이를 구하기 위해 이전 극상선에서의 정합이 이루어진 두 화소 $p-k$와 $p-l$가 현 비교되는 화소와 같은 경계선상에 위치하면, $p-i$와 $p-j$가 정합이 이루어질 가능성을 크게 비용함수를 조절하였다. 제안된 방법을 여러 영상에 적용한 결과 이전의 방법보다 더 정확한 정합이 이루어짐을 확인하였다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1100-1105
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• 2002

This thesis aims to provide an analytical basis for existing or new prescriptions based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines. To this end, prescriptions presented in 「the Various Changes in the Dominations of the Six Energies and their Relations with the Diseases」 of 『Plain Questions』 were analyzed based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines in 『Yellow Emperor's Canon Internal Medicine』. This thesis focused on symptoms and prescriptions based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines, which were described in 「the Various Changes in the Dominations of the Six Energies and their Relations with the Diseases」 of 『Plain Questions』 with regard to the year when Kweoleum is affecting the earth energy and the wind energy is partially over-abundant. Those symptoms and prescriptions originate from the theory of the five elements and six climates. The symptoms were analyzed from the perspective of physiology. The prescriptions were first analyzed based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines in 『Yellow Emperor's Canon Internal Medicine』. Then, a mix formula of oriental medicines pursuant to those prescriptions was studied. Lastly, proper prescriptions from 『Treatise of Cold-Induced Diseases』, which were in conformity with the above prescriptions, were selected. From the physiological point of view, symptoms with regard to the year when Kweoleum is affecting the earth energy and the wind energy is partially over-abundant can be, based on the theory of the five elements and six climates, diagnosed as the symptoms from impaired spleen and stomach due to excessive wind energy. Prescriptions from 『Treatise of Cold-Induced Diseases』pursuant to prescriptions based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines can be broken down into the following: pinellia decoction for reducing stomach-fire(Banhasasimtang); ginger decoction for reducing stomach-fire(Saenggangsasimtang); liquorice root decoction for reducing stomach-fire(Gamchosasimtang); and Chinese goldthread decoction(Hwangryentang). Therefore, symptoms of six kinds of weather presented in 「the Various Changes in the Dominations of the Six Energies and their Relations with the Diseases」 of 『Plain Questions』 can be analyzed from the physiological point of view. As a result, in addition to the methodology that analyzes existing prescriptions within the boundary of the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines in 『Yellow Emperor's Canon Internal Medicine』, it is expected that a theoretical basis for new prescriptions can be provided by analyzing prescriptions from 『Treatise of Cold-Induced Diseases』, based on prescriptions from the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines.