• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.769-779
• /
• 2017

Nutrient (i.e., nitrogen and phosphorus) budgets are required under a 'Livestock Excreta Survey'. A nutrient budget is one of the agri-environmental indicators that calculates the difference between the inputs and outputs of the amount of nutrients within a certain boundary and for a certain time period (e.g., 1 year). In this study, a nutrients budget model was developed to effectively determine the surplus of nutrients within a region in Korea. The C# program language was used in order to facilitate the deployment of a graphical user interface (GUI) and to enhance compatibility. Also, the model was developed on Windows OS, which is the commonly used operating system in Korea. The model was based on the OECD/Eurostat nutrient budget method, and it was modified to consider manure composting procedures as well. There are key features of the nutrient budget model, including directly use of the original data sets from various input and output sources, and a collectively exchange of the address in different formats. The model can quickly show the results of various spatial and temporal resolutions with the same data, as well as perform a sensitivity analysis with coefficients and easily compareresults using tables and graphs. Further, it would be necessary to study the extension of the scope of utilization, such as the application of various nutrient budget methods. It would also be helpful to investigate both pre and postprocessing information such as linking input data through online systems.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.153-163
• /
• 2009

It is necessary to identify the use cases of the supplier systems in order to define new service using their functions. Current use case modeling techniques, however, do not represent the external use cases clearly, because the external system is represented only by an actor. This ambiguity of the modeling technique declines the comprehensiveness of the model, and does not limit the scope of the target system explicitly. In this paper, we propose the extended use case modeling technique for service-oriented computing. This modeling technique enables the definition of external use cases and components. They are used to limit the boundary of the target system, and the relationship between them are modeled by the realization of external use cases. The proposed technique uses UML stereotype extension mechanism. so the compatibility with current use case modeling technique is preserved.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.142-149
• /
• 1997

This paper applied one of the well-known optimal control theory, namely, linear quadratic regulator(LQR), to the station-keeping maneuvers(SKM) for a geostationary satellite. The boundary conditions to transfer the system with a good accuracy at a terminal time were based upon the predicted orbital data which are created due to the Earth's non-uniform mass distribution's effect during 14 days and due to luni-solar effect during 28 days. Through the linearization of the nonlinear system equation with respect to reference orbit and the numerical integration of Riccati equation, the optimal trajectories and the corresponding control law have been obtained by using LQR. From the comparison of ${\Delta}V$ obtained by LQR with the ${\Delta}V$ obtained anatically by geometric method, Station Keeping Maneuvers(SKM) via LQR may provide comparable results to a real system. Furthermore it will demonstrate the possibility in fuel optimization and life extension of geostationary satellite.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1995.07b
• /
• pp.761-765
• /
• 1995

The old Timing Controller for Control Element Drive Mechanism (CEDM) is designed as an open loop control system because it is difficult to mount sensors within the Control Element Drive Mechanism(CEDM) which is operating under the pressure boundary of the reactor vessel. In this work new method which can be used to detect the CEDM operational conditions without mounting sensors within the CEDM housing is developed in order to resolve problems of the old Timing Controller. By using the developed new method, the new Timing Controller for the CEDM is designed as a closed loop controller which has features of the control rod drop prevention, fine position control and the coil life time extension. The algorithm developed under closed loop control concept resolves most problems occurred in the old Timing Controller and improves the performance and reliability of the system. During designing and testing of the Timing Controller algorithm, the real time CEDM simulator developed here was used. And all functions of the developed algorithm were verified using CEDM simulator with the real data collected from the site. The results show that the Timing Controller performs its intended functions properly.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.39C no.6
• /
• pp.503-511
• /
• 2014

In this paper, a novel, real-time video stitching algorithm in an H.264/AVC compressed domain is proposed. This enables viewers to watch multiple video contents using a single device. The basic concept of this paper is that the server is asked to combine multiple streams into one bit-stream based in a compressed domain. In other words, this paper presents a new compressed domain combiner that works in boundary macroblocks of input videos with re-calculating intra prediction mode, intra prediction MVD, a re-allocation of the coefficient table, and border extension methods. The rest of the macroblocks of the input video data are achieved simply by copying them. Simulation experiments have demonstrated the possibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by showing that it is able to generate more than 103 frames per second, stitching four 480p-sized images into each frame.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.663-675
• /
• 2004

The plastic arts is used when designers draw inspirations to create fashion design. The author referred to fashion magazines for designing ideas of Mondrian＇s geometrical abstract painting in practical applications used by designers in Paris, Italy, London and New York during the 10-year period(1991-2000). The collections of data were analyzed as following: ◇ Fashion Designing Idea 1. Matching Idea The art is reproduced in the design as how it is with no transformation. First, the painting＇s complete figure is reproduced on the entire or parts of clothing. Second, the painting＇s partial figure is reproduced on the entire or parts of clothing. 2. Contrasting Ideas The composition elements in Mondrian＇s geometrical abstract painting, for example, structures of shapes, vertical and horizontal lines and different colors are applied in the design. First, one particular shape in painting is transformed into different shape of square, circle or triangle and reproduced in designing. Second, one particular shape in painting is disassembled and then reshaped into different form in reproduction. Third, additional lines are put in to create different look from the original painting. Forth, existing lines are extended over the boundary to create different look from the original painting. Fifth, achromatic colors: black and white, and three basic colors: red, blue and yellow in the original painting are modified into different shades or color scheme is increased in broad range.

• Journal of the Geological Society of Korea
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.605-614
• /
• 2018

For physical experiments like analogue modeling that designed for studying geological deformation, reproducibility of the deformation is important to guarantee the reliability of the experiment. In this study, the normal fault generated by extensional stress is benchmarked using a sand box model. The scaling factors for the modeling test are considered and the experiments are conducted by setting the appropriate material, extensional stress, and boundary condition in the same way as in a benchmark experiment. In addition, a large centrifuge facility is used to vary the centrifugal acceleration and extension rate in the same sized model to account for the scaling factors of the physical quantity during extensional behavior. At 1 g benchmark condition and a centrifugal field at 10 g, a constant rate of the extensional stress is implemented and the topographic evolution is reliably measured. In this study, the reliability and applicability of large centrifuge model tests are evaluated for formulating experiments designed to study geological deformation.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.101-109
• /
• 2005

As a circumstantial-existance character (the human character who takes action after grasping circumstances and fears things with reason) the Japanese were more interested in the active doctrines of Wang Yang-ming than other speculative studies. All of people were inhumanely incorporated into the rigorous class system under pressure in the samurai society. In the atmosphere of the society a natural phenomenon was understood as the ksana of change, and instead of the whole, the part was mainly described with emphasis on the reality. Therefore nature came near to the man after being reduced and then was symbolized in the Interior space. Also the classification of spaces, that is to say, the settlement of borders by the social position was shown in the great interior space like a labyrinth. As a self-existance character(the human style who carves out for and does not have a regard other's feeling), however, the Korean were much influenced by the Taoist Idea as they tried to be similar to nature in nature itself. Therefore the idea of Asaniskrota was in their origin. There was a tendency for space to be extended toward the outdoor in Korea, since the Korean people who are speculative and like to be natural tried to be close to nature. Therefore the division of spaces according to class and sexuality and the settlement of borders were already shown in outside by Che-Na-Num(Divided-Mass:Koren's own style). These are closely related with that houses were built after a village settle down in Korea while built before a village settle down in Japan. Architectural space consists of the interior and the exterior. The layout and (on of architectural space has a great variety of characters by region and culture. In other words, it can be understood which has a priority between the interior and the exterior in developing the layout and the form of architectural space. Belonging to the culture area of Chinese characters with Korea, Japan has maintained its own Identity. It has an identity in the layout and form of architectural space as well. Therefore, the architecture and architectural theories of the two countries were compared and analyzed with priority given to the traditional architecture, also the backgrounds of architecture and architectural theories of two countries were examined in this study. This study shows that each country has different characters in how to introduce nature, how to expand space and how to compose windows, including the view of nature and the cult of space. As a result, the space in Korean architecture has relatively the exterior-oriented character but in Japan architecture spatial character is interior-oriented. The interior-oriented character can be relevant to the word 'reduction' and the exterior-oriented character to 'extension' after all. Also it can be thought that each character has a great relation with climate and idea of people in power.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.02b
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2008

We have long kept our Cartesian tradition in which Mind privileges over Body; the invention of printing technology has accelerated the tradition in which the intelligence and legibility of media were considered as a higher human value. However, the development of media and technology are supporting the multisensory mechanisms of the body as it was in preliterate era when we communicated with our whole bodily experiences. The development and spread of mass-media and new technologies have broaden the boundary of human sensory that are largely dominated by visual information and expanded it to auditory, olfactory and even gustatory sensation. Since 1960's, some philosophers and artists have recognized the human body as a subjective matter, starting the movement in which the body plays a role as an essential factor in study of human perception and cognition, aesthetics in art, and sociology, and the changed perspectives are practiced vigorously in the field of new media art; the theory of Maurice Merleau-Ponty who clarified the body as a general means for the body's possession of world, so that recognize the importance of cognition of one's body and approved the embodiment could be applied and practiced here. Therefore, we discuss how Merleau-Ponty's philosophical theory can be practiced and how McLuhan's perspective could be applied on the notion of body's extension in media by analysing some new media art cases.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2009

Location based Services in the ubiquitous computing environment, namely u-LBS, use very large and skewed spatial objects that are closely related to locational information. It is especially essential to achieve fast search, which is looking for POI(Point of Interest) related to the location of users. This paper examines how to search large and skewed POI efficiently in the u-LBS environment. We propose the Dynamic-level Grid based R-Tree(DGR-Tree), which is an index for point data that can reduce the cost of stationary POI search. DGR-Tree uses both R-Tree as a primary index and Dynamic-level Grid as a secondary index. DGR-Tree is optimized to be suitable for point data and solves the overlapping problem among leaf nodes. Dynamic-level Grid of DGR-Tree is created dynamically according to the density of POI. Each cell in Dynamic-level Grid has a leaf node pointer for direct access with the leaf node of the primary index. Therefore, the index access performance is improved greatly by accessing the leaf node directly through Dynamic-level Grid. We also propose a K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN) algorithm for DGR-Tree, which utilizes Dynamic-level Grid for fast access to candidate cells. The KNN algorithm for DGR-Tree provides the mechanism, which can access directly to cells enclosing given query point and adjacent cells without tree traversal. The KNN algorithm minimizes sorting cost about candidate lists with minimum distance and provides NEB(Non Extensible Boundary), which need not consider the extension of candidate nodes for KNN search.