• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2007

The adsorption capacity of bone char for lead, cadmium and zinc was studied in both single and binary multiple component systems. Equilibrium experimental studies have been performed to determine the sorption capacity of bone char for each metal ion. These have been analysed using single and multi-component equilibrum models. The results show that the sorption of metal ions for multi-component systems can be predicted reasonably well from the IAS theory with the Langmuir equation, the Freundlich and the Slip equation for metal ions.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.569-577
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• 1992

To study the effects of the age and the dietary protein content on Ca metabolism male rats of 1 month 6 month 12 month of age were fed experimental diets containing 5%, 15% or 50% casein for 4 weeks. Food and ca intake were higher in old rats and in high protein groups. The weight ash and Ca contents of femur and tibia were higher in old rats. The higher dietary protein level resulted in higher skeletal weigh ash and Ca contents. But high protein diet(50% casein) lead to reduced bone mineral density(ash/dry bone weight) and Ca density(Ca/dry bone weight) in 1 month old rats. Low protein diet(5% casein) on the other hand reduced the bone growth even though the bone density was higher in this group. The ill effect of low protein diet was not evident in 12 month old rats. Glomerular filteration rate(GFR) and urinary Ca excretionincreased with age and with dietary protein level especially in 12 month old rats. Serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone(iPTH) level tended to be higher in aged rats but was not affected by dietary protein level except 1 month old rats where 50% protein group showed significantly higher value. This study showed that the dietary protein level seemed to have different effect on Ca metabo-lism in rats of different age., The low bone density in the high protein group of growing rats may be due to the higher iPTH level and increased urinary Ca. The dietary protein level however had no effects on the bone composition in aged rats even though the higher urinary Ca excretion. In conclusion this study suggests that high protein intake from young may lead to less peak bone mass and to increase the bone loss in later years, which would increase the risk for osteporosis.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2006

Bone metastasis is a common sequelae of solid malignant tumors such as prostate, breast, lung, and renal cancers, which can lead to various complications, including fractures, hypercalcemia, and bone pain, as well as reduced performance status and quality of life it occurs as a result of a complex pathophysiologic process between host and tumor cells leading to cellular invasion, migration adhesion, and stimulation of osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity. Several sequelae occur as a result of osseous metastases and resulting bone pain can lead to significant debilitation. A multidisciplinary approach is usually required not only to address the etiology of the pain and its complicating factors but also to treat the patient appropriately. Pharmaceutical therapy of bone pain, includes non-steroidal analgesics, opiates, steroids, hormones, bisphosphonates, and chemotherapy. While external beam radiation therapy remains the mainstay of pain palliation of a solitary lesions, bone seeking radiopharmaceuticals have entered the therapeutic armamentarium for the treatment of multiple painful osseous lesions. $^{32}P,\;^{89}SrCl,\;^{153}Sm-EDTMP,\;^{188}Re/^{186}Re-HEDP,\;and\;^{177}Lu-EDTMP$ can be used to treat painful osseous metastases. These various radiopharmaceuticals have shown good efficacy in relieving bone pain secondary to bone metastasis. This systemic form of metabolic radiotherapy is simple to administer and complements other treatment options. This has been associated with improved mobility in many patients, reduced dependence on narcotic and non-narcotic analgesics, improved performance status and quality of life, and, in some studios, improved survival. All of these agents, although comprising different physical and chemical characteristics, offer certain advantages in that they are simple to administer, are well tolerated by the patient if used appropriately, and can be used alone or in combination with the other forms of treatment. This article illustrates the salient features of these radiopharmaceuticals, including the usual therapuetic dose, method of administration, and indications for use and also describe about the pre-management checklists, and jndication/contraindication and follow-up protocol.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2014

Objective: To determine the unique contribution of geometrical design characteristics of orthodontic mini-implants on maximum insertion torque while controlling for the influence of cortical bone thickness. Methods: Total number of 100 cylindrical orthodontic mini-implants was used. Geometrical design characteristics of ten specimens of ten types of cylindrical self-drilling orthodontic mini-implants (Ortho Easy$^{(R)}$, Aarhus, and Dual Top$^{TM}$) with diameters ranging from 1.4 to 2.0 mm and lengths of 6 and 8 mm were measured. Maximum insertion torque was recorded during manual insertion of mini-implants into bone samples. Cortical bone thickness was measured. Retrieved data were analyzed in a multiple regression model. Results: Significant predictors for higher maximum insertion torque included larger outer diameter of implant, higher lead angle of thread, and thicker cortical bone, and their unique contribution to maximum insertion torque was 12.3%, 10.7%, and 24.7%, respectively. Conclusions: The maximum insertion torque values are best controlled by choosing an implant diameter and lead angle according to the assessed thickness of cortical bone.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 1989

The clastogenic effects of the diesel emission particle extract (DEPE), mercuric chloride and lead acetate were examined by the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. DEPE had a potent clastogenic effect by intraperitoneal injection with dose-response between 100 and 300mg/kg b.w.. Mercuric chloride and lead acetate also gave a clastogenic effects but mercuric chloride only had a dose-response between 1 and 3mg/kg b.w.. When DEPE was administrated with mercuric chloride or lead acetate, the frequency of micronucleated cells was slight but not significant increase in comparision to a single treatment with DEPE alone.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.218-226
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• 2009

본 연구는 난소적출로 유발된 골다공증 유발 백서에서 골쇄보(Drynariae Rhizoma)와 수중운동이 골다공증에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 6주간 수중운동과 Drynariae Rhizoma투여를 실시하여 골강도, 골밀도, 혈중 osteocalcin, ALP, Ca과 P의 양을 측정하였다. 실험설계는 실험군 I은 대조군, 실험군 II는 수중운동 그룹, 실험군 III은 수중운동과 Drynariae Rhizoma 10 mg투여군, 실험군 IV는 Drynariae Rhizoma 10mg투여군으로 나누었다. 각 실험군에서 체중은 유의성 있게 증가하였으며, 골강도는 대조군과 비교하여 수중운동과 골쇄보 10mg 투여군과 골쇄보 10mg 투여군에서 유의하게 증가됨을 관찰 할 수 있었고, 골밀도는 대조군과 비교하여 모든 군에서 증가 하였으나 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 골형성 지표중의 하나인 Osteocalcin 측정치는 대조군과 비교하여 모든 군에서 증가하여 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 혈중 ALP 및 P의 변화는 본 실험에서 유의한 차이를 관찰할 수 없었으나, 혈중 Ca은 골쇄보 투여와 수중 운동으로 인하여 유의하게 감소하였다. 결론적으로, 골다공증 백서에 수중운동과 Drynariae Rhizoma 투여는 난소 적출 후 감소된 골밀도와 골강도 증가에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각된다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.269-273
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• 2017

Mandibular bone depression, also known as Stafne bone cavity, is defined as a bone depression filled mainly with salivary gland tissue. Parotid gland bone defects are infrequently observed. We report the case of a 52-year-old male patient who underwent radiographic examinations due to temporomandibular joint dysfunction, and a radiolucent area was detected in the mandibular ramus, with a provisional diagnosis of traumatic bone cyst or parotid mandibular bone defect. The patient was then referred for magnetic resonance imaging, which demonstrated a hyperintense area eroding the mandibular ramus, which corresponded to glandular tissue. Although the defect was a benign lesion, radiolucencies in the mandibular ramus lead to concerns among professionals, because their radiographic features can resemble various intrabony neoplastic lesions, such as giant cell tumors or benign tumors of the parotid gland.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2024

Diabetes, a chronic hyperglycemic condition, is caused by insufficient insulin secretion or functional impairment. Long-term inadequate regulation of blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia can lead to various complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have explored the molecular mechanisms linking diabetes to bone loss and an increased susceptibility to fractures. This study reviews the characteristics and molecular mechanisms of diabetes-induced bone disease. Depending on the type of diabetes, changes in bone tissue vary. The molecular mechanisms responsible for bone loss in diabetes include the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), upregulation of inflammatory cytokines, induction of oxidative stress, and deficiencies in insulin/IGF-1. In diabetes, alveolar bone loss results from complex interactions involving oral bacterial infections, host responses, and hyperglycemic stress in periodontal tissues. Therapeutic strategies for diabetes-induced bone loss may include blocking the AGEs signaling pathway, decreasing inflammatory cytokine activity, inhibiting reactive oxygen species generation and activity, and controlling glucose levels; however, further research is warranted.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 1984

The protective effects of high levels of dietary iron, copper, zinc or protein on lead toxicity were studied In chicks. Growth retardation, reduction of feed intake, anemia and accumulation of lead in the bone and kidney were observed in chicks fed a diet containing 500mg lead as chloride per kg of feed for 42 days. Early changes due to ingested lead were inhibition of red blood cell ${\delta}$-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase at all doses and no effect of iron, copper, zinc or protein addition were observed. Tibia lead accumulation was reduced in chicks receiving additional dietary iron or zinc compared to the lead only group but increased in chicks given supplementary protein. Decreased body weight gain was overcome by supplementary zinc or protein in chicks fed lead but not by supplementary iron. Overall the results of this study show that lead poisoning can be partly reduced by providing supplementary iron, zinc or protein, but the interaction of these element remained to be elucidated.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 1982

This study was carried out in order to clarify the combined effect of cadmium and lead on rat bones when exposed to single metal (1 mg cd/kg body weight) and cambined metals (1 mg cd + 4 mg pb/kg body weight). Seventy five mature rats of Sprague-Dawley species were divided into a control group and a treatment group that were administered by daily peritoneum injection for 7 to 9 weeds, and their body weights were measured every week. The results were summarized as follows 1. Body weight gains of the combined injection group and the single injection groups were lower than that of the control group. 2. In case of the combined injection group, the amount of cadmium accumulated in femur was more than that of the cadmium group. These amounts of cadmium accumulated showed an increasing trend. 3. The lead amount in bone tissue of the combined injection group presented also an increasing trend. In this case, the additive action of cadmium to the lead accumulation in bone tissue was conspicuous. 4. The amounts of calcium and phosphorus in femur showed clear a decreasing trend in the cadmium group and combined administration group. The ratio of calcium and phosphorus (ca/p) in the cadmium group was not different from that of the control group, but in the combined injection group the ratio was a little lower.