• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.194-210
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the healing of post-extraction sockets following alveolar ridge preservation clinically, radiologically, and histologically. Methods: Overall, 7 extraction sockets in 7 patients were grafted with demineralised bovine bone mineral and covered with a porcine-derived non-crosslinked collagen matrix (CM). Soft tissue healing was clinically evaluated on the basis of a specific healing index. Horizontal and vertical ridge dimensional changes were assessed clinically and radiographically at baseline and 6 months after implant placement. For histological and histomorphometric analysis, bone biopsies were harvested from the augmented sites during implant surgery 6 months after the socket preservation procedure. Results: Clinically, healing proceeded uneventfully in all the sockets. A trend towards reduced horizontal and vertical socket dimensions was observed from baseline to the final examination. The mean width and height of resorption were 1.21 mm (P=0.005) and 0.46 mm (P=0.004), respectively. Histologically, residual xenograft particles ($31.97%{\pm}3.52%$) were surrounded by either newly formed bone ($16.02%{\pm}7.06%$) or connective tissue ($50.67%{\pm}8.42%$) without fibrous encapsulation. The CM underwent a physiological substitution process in favour of well-vascularised collagen-rich connective tissue. Conclusions: Socket preservation using demineralised bovine bone mineral in combination with CM provided stable dimensional changes of the alveolar ridge associated with good reepithelialisation of the soft tissues during a 6-month healing period.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.310-315
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• 2013

Micromorphometric and histological examinations were conducted with a collected tissue specimen nine months after sinus bone graft using autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT). As a result of micro-computed tomographic analysis, the total bone volume (graft material+new bone) was 76.45%, and the proportion of new bone was 45.4%. The bone mineral density and the average Hounsfield Unit of new bone were 0.26 and 1,164.69, respectively. The histological examination showed that AutoBT particles were united well with new bone. AutoBT was considered to have excellent bone healing ability after sinus graft and bone density that can resist repneumatization.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.551-562
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• 2004

골재생을 위한 술식은 자가골, 합성골 등의 이식술, 골견인술, 골유도 재생술 등이 있으며, 더 나은 결과를 위해서 성장 인자나 cytokine의 적용, 전기적 자극 등이 이용될 수 있다. 이 중 골재생을 위한 전기적 자극을 이용한 골재생 방법에서 비교적 양호한 결과가 보고되어지고 있으며, 전기적 자극은 크게 direct current, inductive coupling, capacitive coupling으로 나뉘어 사용, 연구되어지고 있다. 하지만, 위의 전기적 자극들은 비교적 침습적이고, 환자들에게 불편감을 줄 수 있으며, 부가적인 장치가 필요한 단점이 있다. 따라서, 본 실험에서는 골재생을 촉진하기 위한 비침습적인 전기자극의 방법으로, negatively charged membrane을 이용하여, 토끼 요골의 골절성 결손부에서 negative electric field가 골재생에 미치는 영향을 연구하고자 하였다. 8마리 토끼의 양 요골에 10mm의 골절성 결손부를 형성한 후, 코로나 방전 장치로 -l000V로 대전시킨 polytetrafluoroethylene membrane을 사용하여, 실험군에는 negatively charged membrane을, 대조군에는 noncharged membrane을 적용시킨 후, 2, 4, 6, 8주째 2마리씩 희생하여 조직학적, 조직형태학적 분석을 실시하였다. 2주째, 대조군에서 골결손부에 대한 신생골의 비율은 0.32%, 실험군에서는 1.10%로 나타났으며, 4주째 대조군에서 골결손부에 대한 신생골의 비율은 6.86%, 실험군에서는 13.75%로, 대조군에 비해 실험군에서 더 많은 양의 신생골이 관찰되었다. 6주와 8주째도 대조군에 비해 실험군에서 더 많은 신생골이 관찰되었으나, 그 차이는 크지 않았다. 결론적으로, 토끼 요골의 골절성 결손부의 골치유에서 negatively charged membrane을 이용한 전기적 자극은 초기 골치유를 촉진시키며, 따라서, 이러한 방법의 전기극은 장골의 치유에 있어 비침습적이며, 유용한 수단이라고 사료된다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제51권12호
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• pp.650-657
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to achieve healing of Peri-implantitis defects and hard tissue augmentation using a bovine-derived bone mineral on the defect site. Two patients were treated with the surgical approach. With a full muco-periosteal flap elevation, the implant surfaces were exposed and granulation tissue removed around the implant and between the threads. Each surface of the contaminated implant was prepared with the air-abrasive device(PerioFlow$^{(R)}$) for decontamination. Bovine-derived bone mineral(Bio-Oss collagen$^{(R)}$) was then used to fill the defects and muco-periosteal flaps sutured to achieve transmucosal healing. Radiographs and clinical photographs were taken before and after 6 months of healing and an estimate of bone fill was assessed. Within the limits of the present case report, a surgical approach in treatment of peri-implantitis defects using a collagen form of bovine bone mineral was visited. Although limited, the two cases showed the stability and biocompatibility of a bovine-derived bone mineral and effectiveness of air-abrasive device(PerioFlow$^{(R)}$) as a decontamination method.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2016

Purpose: Alveolar bone develops with tooth eruption and is absorbed following tooth extraction. Various ridge preservation techniques have sought to prevent ridge atrophy, with no superior technique evident. Collagen has a long history as a biocompatible material. Its usefulness and safety have been amply verified. The related compound, atelocollagen, is also safe and displays reduced antigenicity since telopeptides are not present. Materials and Methods: The current study evaluated whether the $Rapiderm^{(R)}$ atelocollagen plug (Dalim Tissen, Seoul, Korea) improves tissue healing of extraction sockets and assessed the sequential pattern of bone regeneration using histology and microcomputed tomography in six beagle dogs. To assess the change of extraction socket, hard tissues were examined 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after tooth extraction. Result: The experimental groups showed better bone fill with slow remodeling process compared to the control groups although there was no statistical difference between groups. Conclusion: The atelocollagen seems to have a tendency to slow bone remodeling in the early phase of healing period and maintain remodeling capacity until late phase of remodeling. Also, use of atelocollagen increased the bone-to-tissue ratio compared to healing of untreated extraction socket.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2012

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of collagen graft materials, as compared to other graft materials, for use in healing calvarial defects in rabbits. Materials and Methods: Ten mm diameter calvarial defects were made in ten rabbits. The rabbits were then divided into 4 groups: control, autogenous bone graft, SureOss graft, and Teruplug graft. Bone regeneration was evaluated using histological and radiographic methods. Results: Based on visual examination, no distinct healing profile was observed. At 4 weeks after treatment, histological analysis showed there was no bone regeneration in the control group; however, at 8 weeks after treatment, new bone formation was observed around the margin of the defective sites. In the autogenous bone graft group, new bone formation was observed at 4 weeks after treatment and mature bone was detected around the grafted bone after 8 weeks. In the SureOss graft group, at 4 weeks after treatment, acute inflammatory and multinuclear cells were noted around the grafted materials; at 8 weeks after treatment, a decrease in graft materials coupled with new bone formation were observed at the defective sites. In the Teruplug graft group, new bone formation was detected surrounding the bone margin and without signs of inflammation. There were statistically significant differences observed between the graft and control group in terms of bone density as evidenced by radiographic analysis using computed tomography (P<0.05), particularly for the autogenous bone graft group (P<0.001). Conclusion: These results suggested that autogenous bone, SureOss and Teruplug have the ability to induce bone regeneration as compared to an untreated control group. The osteogenic potential of Teruplug was observed to be lower than that of autogenous bone, but similar to that of SureOss.

• Advances in biomechanics and applications
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.95-109
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• 2014

Peri-acetabular bone ingrowth plays a crucial role in long-term stability of press-fit acetabular cups. A poor bone ingrowth often results in increased cup migration, leading to aseptic loosening of the implant. The rate of peri-prosthetic bone formation is also affected by the polar gap that may be introduced during implantation. Applying a mechano-regulatory tissue differentiation algorithm on a two-dimensional plane strain microscale model, representing implant-bone interface, the objectives of the study are to gain an insight into the process of peri-prosthetic tissue differentiation and to investigate its relationship with implant-bone relative displacement and size of the polar gap. Implant-bone relative displacement was found to have a considerable influence on bone healing and peri-acetabular bone ingrowth. An increase in implant-bone relative displacement from $20{\mu}m$ to $100{\mu}m$ resulted in an increase in fibrous tissue formation from 22% to 60% and reduction in bone formation from 70% to 38% within the polar gap. The increase in fibrous tissue formation and subsequent decrease in bone formation leads to weakening of the implant-bone interface strength. In comparison, the effect of polar gap on bone healing and peri-acetabular bone ingrowth was less pronounced. Polar gap up to 5 mm was found to be progressively filled with bone under favourable implant-bone relative displacements of $20{\mu}m$ along tangential and $20{\mu}m$ along normal directions. However, the average Young's modulus of the newly formed tissue layer reduced from 2200 MPa to 1200 MPa with an increase in polar gap from 0.5 mm to 5 mm, suggesting the formation of a low strength tissue for increased polar gap. Based on this study, it may be concluded that a polar gap less than 0.5 mm seems favourable for an increase in strength of the implant-bone interface.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.519-540
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to compare the healing aspects of the use of ePTFE membrane alone versus combination treatment of ePTFE membrane and bone grafts on class II furcation defects. Seventeen defects were applied ePTFE membrane alone on mxillary molar buccal class II furcation defects as Group I, seventeen defects were applied ePTFE membrane and bone grafts on maxillary molar buccal class II furcation defects as Group II, twenty-three defects were applied ePTFE membrane alone on mandibular molar buccal class II furcation defects as Group III, twenty defects were applied ePTFE membrane and bone grafts on mandibular molar buccal class II furcation defects as Group IV . Measurements were made to determine clinical attachment level, probing depth, gingival depth, SBI, mobility at baseline, 3, 6, 12 months postoperatively. Additional measurements were made to determine membrane exposure level at surgery, 1, 2, 6 weeks postoperatively. And then healing patterns and postoperative complications were evaluated. The result as follows : There were statistically significant differences in probing depth reduction, clinical attachment gain, mobility reduction at values of 3, 6, 12 months postoperatively compared to values of baseline(p<0.05), whereas no significant differences in SBI and gingival recession. In group II, membrane exposure level was increased at 1, 2, 6 weeks postoperatively compared to value of baseline(p<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in changes of probing depth at 3, 6, 12 months postoperatively in combination groups of ePTFE membrane and bone graft compared to groups of ePTFE membrane alone(p<0.05). The vast majority of cases fall into typical healing and delayed healing response when membranes were removed in all groups. Pain and swelling were common postoperative complications. In conclusion, this study was showed more effective healing aspects in combination treatment of ePTFE membrane and bone graft than ePTFE membrane alone and on mandibular molar class II furcation defects than maxillary molar.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.512-518
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• 1999

목적: 3시간과 24시간 골신티그라피 영상에서 골전이와 급성 및 치유기 골절을 감별하는데 병변/비병변 방사능 섭취비의 24시간/3시간 비율(24 hour/3 hour radio-uptake ratio: 24/3 RUR)이 유용한지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 총 63명($26{\sim}81$세, 남자 32명, 여자 31명)외 90개 병변(골 전이 30예, 외상 2개월 이내의 급성 골절 30예, 외상 2개월 이상의 치유기 골절 30예)을 대상으로 하였으며 골신티그라피는 $^{99m}Tc$-MDP 740 MBq를 정맥 주사하고 시간과 24시간 후에 영상을 얻었다. 각각의 영상에서 병변과, 인접한 정상 부위의 방사능 섭취비를 측정하여 24시간/3시간 비율(24/3 RUR: [lesion/non-lesion RUR at 24 hour]/[lesion/nonlesion RUR at 3 hour])을 구하여 세 질환을 감별하는데 의의가 있는 지를 분석하였다. 결과: 24/3 RUR의 평균치는 골전이 $1.22{\pm}0.18$, 급성 골절 $1.25{\pm}0.14$, 치유기 골절 $0.99{\pm}0.15$였으며 골 전이와 급성 골절의 24/3 RUR은 유의한 차이가 없었고 골 전이와 치유기 골절, 그리고 급성 골절과 치유기 골절간에는 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). 24/3 RUR 기준점을 1.0 이상인 경우 골 전이로 진단할 때 민감도는 100% (30/30)였고, 골 전이를 급성 골절로부터 구분하는 소견으로서 특이도는 0% (0/30), 골 전이를 치유기 골절로부터 구분하는 소견으로서 특이도는 47% (14/30)였다. 또한 기준점을 1.2로 설정했을 때는 골전이로 진단하는 소견으로서 민감도 53% (16/30), 골 전이를 급성골절로부터 구분하는 소견으로서 특이도 37% (l1/30), 골 전이를 치유기 골절로부터 구분하는 소견으로서 특이도 100% (30/30)였다. 결론: 24/3 RUR은 골 전이와 치유기 골절을 감별하는데 유용했으나 골 전이와 급성 골절의 감별에는 도움이 되지 않았다. 24/3 RUR이 1.0 미만인 경우는 치유기 골절을, 1.2 이상인 경우는 골 전이나 급성 골절을 시사하는 소견으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2008

Absorbable atelo-collagen sponge $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$, Termo Co. Tokyo, Japan) is inserted in the extraction wound where alveolar bone is exposed. It protects wounds and promotes the formation of granulation. This is made of atelo-collagen, to minimize antigenicity, which is cross-linked by heat treatment for biocompatibility. $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$ consists of between 85 and 95 % of collagen type I and between 5 to 15 % of collagen type III. The raw material for the collagen is derived from bovine skin. It features a sponge block design and is shaped for easy insertion in the extraction wound. This study was designed to find out the bone healing capacity of $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$. We implanted $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$ (experimental group I) and $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$ with rhBMP-2 (experimental group II) in the rabbit cranium defect and then histologically analysed the specimen. The results were as follows. 1. In the 4 weeks, a lot of the newly formed collagen fibers around material of the experimental group I implanted $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$ were observed. But, in the experimental group II implanted $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$ with rhBMP-2, a little of newly formed collagen fibers around material were observed. The cell proliferating activity and apoptosis of the experimental group I, II was positive in and around the implanted material. 2. In the 8 weeks, the amount of newly formed and matured bone in the experimental group II was more observed than the experimental group I and control group. The results of this study indicate that absorbable atelo-collagen sponge ($TERUPLUG^{(R)}$) is relatively favorable bone void filler with biocompatibility and has the better bone healing capacity in case of application with rhBMP-2.