• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.57 no.6
• /
• pp.478-483
• /
• 2015

We report two rare cases of spinal intraosseous schwannoma (SIS) with sustained myelopathy symptoms and provide an updated review regarding SIS in the literature. A 71-year-old man experienced right lumbocrural pain and gait disturbance accompanied with paresthesia and right leg weakness. Imaging examinations revealed a mass with lesions in L4 vertebral body causing bone destruction and spinal cord compression. Complete resection of the well-demarcated tumor and posterior fusion were performed. A 54-year-old female reported bilateral gait disturbance, paresthesia, and numbness without weakness, and imaging revealed a posterior mass from T9 causing spinal cord compression and bone erosion. The tumor was completely separated from the spinal nerve root. The tumors from both patients were confirmed as schwannomas. Tumor recurrence was not observed at the 2-4 year follow-up. Although rare, SIS should be considered during differential diagnosis and can affect treatment planning. SIS symptoms vary depending on tumor location, and fusion is frequently necessary for spinal reconstruction after complete tumor resection.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.217-222
• /
• 2021

Ewing sarcoma in the head and neck is rare, and metastasis from other bones to the mandible accounts for 0.7% of cases. This report presents a case of oral metastasis in a 24-year-old male patient diagnosed with Ewing sarcoma of the femur (p53 gene mutation and EWSR1-ERG fusion). The chief complaint was numbness in the mandible and pain for 1 month and a hardened, ulcerated exophytic lesion in the right retromolar region. Imaging exams revealed an unspecified thinning of the cortical bone of the inferior alveolar canal in the right mandibular ramus, associated with erosion of the alveolar bone. Histopathological analysis confirmed metastasis of Ewing sarcoma. The patient presented an aggressive disease progression and died 1 month after the oral diagnosis. It is important to recognize the signs and symptoms compatible with rare clinical outcomes, leading to an early diagnosis that can improve patients' quality of life and survival.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.436-442
• /
• 2008

Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells with the unique ability to resorb bone. Elevated activity of these cells under pathologic conditions leads to the progression of bone erosion that occurs in osteoporosis, periodontal disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, the regulation of osteoclast apoptosis is important for bone homeostasis. In this study, we examined the effects of the Janus tyrosine kinase 2 specific inhibitor AG490 on osteoclast apoptosis. We found that AG490 greatly inhibited osteoclast apoptosis. AG490 stimulated the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK. Adenovirus-mediated expression of dominant negative (DN)-Akt and DN-Ras in osteoclasts inhibited the survival of osteoclasts despite the presence of AG490. Cytochrome c release during osteoclast apoptosis was inhibited by AG490 treatment, but this effect was inhibited in the presence of LY294002 or U0126. AG490 suppressed the pro-apoptotic proteins Bad and Bim, which was inhibited in osteoclasts infected with DN-Akt and DN-Ras adenovirus. In addition, constitutively active MEK and myristoylated-Akt adenovirus suppressed the cleavage of pro-caspase-9 and -3 and inhibited osteoclast apoptosis induced by etoposide. Taken together, our results suggest that AG490 inhibited cytochrome c release into the cytosol at least partly by inhibiting the pro-apoptotic proteins Bad and Bim, which in turn suppressed caspase-9 and -3 activation, thereby inhibiting osteoclast apoptosis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of water extracts of Eucommiae cortex (EC), Psoraleae semen (PS), and their combination on receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. Methods : We assayed the protein expression levels of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), c-Fos, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and ${\beta}-actin$ in cell lysates using western blotting. Similarly, mRNA expression levels of NFATc1, c-Fos, tartrateresistant acid phosphate (TRAP), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogeni (GAPDHS) from bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) were analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, we determined the anti-osteoporotic effects of the water extracts of EC, PS, and their combination in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone-loss mouse model. Results : The in vitro data revealed showed that the combination of EC and PS extract showed a more remarkable inhibition of osteoclast differentiation than each herb did alone. The combination downregulated the induction of c-Fos, NFATc1, and TRAP by suppressing the phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells ($NF-{\kappa}B$). Lastly, the in vivo data showed that PS reduced the LPS-induced bone erosion. Conclusion : The result of this study suggests that EC and PS could be potential therapeutic agents for bone loss diseases such as osteoporosis.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.388-394
• /
• 1997

Temporomandibular (TM) joint Pain results from many etiologic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of Bone SPECT in patients with TM joint pain. The subjects were 34 patients with TM joint pain. All patients underwent plain radiography, planar bone scan, and Bone SPECT The intensity of radioisotope uptake at TM joint was graded into three; no increased uptake above the background activity as grade 0, uptake similar to occipital bone as grade I, and uptake similar to maxillary sinus as grade II. Clinical findings and therapeutic methods were reviewed. Twenty-seven patients (80%) out of 34 patients with TM joint pain had increased uptake in bone SPECT. Twenty-one (78%) out of 27 patients had increased uptake in the mandibular condyle and remaining six patients (22%) had uptake in the mandibular and maxillary arch, which proved to be dental problem. Seven patients (21%) out of 34 were grade as 0, four (12%) were grade I, 23 (68%) were grade II. Four patients with grade I had clicking sound and symptoms which were subsided with medication in all cases. Among 23 patients with grade II, 7 patients had clicking sound and 14 patients underwent medication and decompression therapy. With Planar bone scan, 11 cases (32%) had increased uptake in TM joint area. Plain radiography revealed narrowing, distension, erosion and limitation of TM joint in 16 cases (47%). Bone SPECT can be valuable for screening and managing the patients with TM joint pain. Patients with grade II needed intensive treatment such as joint aspiration. However degree of the radioisotope uptake did not well correlated with clinical symptoms.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.27 no.11
• /
• pp.938-941
• /
• 1994

Neurogenic tumors of the mediastinum may have an intraspinal component connected by a narrowed segment of tumor in the intervertebral foramen, then have symptoms of back pain,lower extremity tingling sensation. CT scan or MRI demonstrated a Dumbbell-shaped mass density compressing spinal canal, enlargement of the foramen, erosion of bone, and intervertebral widening. We report the analysis of the 18 cases of neurogenic tumors on posterior mediastinum and Dumbbell type tumors are 3 cases among the 18 cases. The neurilemmomas were 12 cases[67%], the ganglioneuroma were 5 cases[28%], and neuroblastoma was one case[5%]. The successful removal was done in all cases, a standard thoracotomy and laminectomy was done in Dumbbell type tumors.There was no postoperative neurological complications.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.1-4
• /
• 2004

As the multidirection and posterior instabilities of the shoulder are not only uncommon but responds well to conservative treatment, the shoulder instabilities which requires surgical treatment are traumatic anterior type in most cases, Although various surgical procedures had been used in the past, Bankart procedure is the standard surgical method as a primary procedure in traumatic anterior instability, Nevertheless there has been changes in the techniques of Bankart procedure in order to minimize decrease of external rotation and effectively address capsular laxilty, Capsular shift might be needed if there remains excessive capsular laxity of the inferior capsule after repair of the Bankart lesion, Large bony Bankart lesion should be fixed if possible and severe glenoid rim erosion requires extracapsular bone block after repair of the capsule. Although a few surgical procedures are described for the management of Hill-Sachs lesion in special circumstances, Hill-Sachs lesion does not usually need to be addressed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.245-248
• /
• 2012

Reported cases of a large dentigerous cyst involving the whole maxillary sinus are uncommon. A 22-year-old female patient suffering from swelling of the right infraorbital area and cheek with dull pain was referred to our department. Findings on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a huge mass containing a displaced maxillary third molar involving the right maxillary sinus as a whole, with partial erosion of the posterior sinus cortical bone. Under general anesthesia, the mass was enucleated using the Caldwell-Luc approach, and, following histopathological analysis, was diagnosed as a dentigerous cyst. The case was followed for a period of seven years, and no evidence of sinus infection or recurring cyst formation was observed during that time.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
• /
• v.22 no.11 s.186
• /
• pp.973-978
• /
• 1984

The authors observed a case of Burkitt's lymphoma, occurred in the mandible, of 6-year-old female patient who admitted to the Department of Oral Radiology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center. The serial radiograms, clinical findings, and microscopid findings had been taken and obtained following results: 1. In serial radiograms, invasive and infiltrative bone destruction in the both mandibular body region was observed. Perforation and erosion of cortical plate of the mandibular angle area and loss of alveolar lamina dura in involved teeth were also noticed. 2. In microscopic findings, a monotous overgrowth of undifferentiated monomorphic lymphoreticular cells found. Macrophages with and abundant clear cytoplasm are usually found scattered uniformly throughout the tumor, producing the very characteristic 'starry-sky' appearance.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.30 no.10
• /
• pp.1229-1232
• /
• 2001

A rare case of tenosynovial giant cell tumor of invading left temporomandibular joint(TMJ) extending the middle cranial fossa is reported. Report of this entity in the temporomandibular joint is rare. A 39-year old male patient presented with mild discomfort and swelling in preauricular area. MR image demonstrated a destructive lesion of the left TMJ, with bony erosion of temporal bone and extension into middle cranial fossa. The patient underwent radiotherapy as adjuvant therapy to prevent recurrence, followed by resection. The histological and radiological features of this tumor are discussed along with a brief description of the disease entity.