• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2009

Physiological responses (hematological factors, cortisol, glucose, osmolality, $Na^+$, $K^+$ and $Cl^-$) in starry flounder Platichthys stellatus were investigated during freshwater acclimation in the conditions of different speeds in salinity change with acute-decrease (AD) or stepwise-decrease (SD I and II). In AD of acute-decrease salinity, hematocrit (Ht), red blood cell (RBC) and hemoglobin (Hb) were rapidly increased more than SD I of stepwise-decrease salinity. But in case of SD II, Ht, RBC and Hb were no significant difference from beginning to end of this experiments. In AD, cortisol level significantly increased from $2.1{\pm}1.0{\mu}g/mL$ at the beginning to $13.7{\pm}0.2{\mu}g/mL$ at 6 hours and recovered to the basal levels ($3.1{\mu}g/mL$) at 10 days. In SD I, cortisol level was significantly increased from $2.1{\pm}1.0{\mu}g/mL$ at the beginning to $13.6{\pm}0.6{\mu}g/mL$ at 6 hours and recovered to the basal levels ($3.1{\pm}0.4{\mu}g/mL$) at 10 days. In SD II, cortisol level was a little increased from $2.1{\pm}1.0{\mu}g/mL$ at the beginning to $10.5{\pm}2.5$, $10.8{\pm}5.6{\mu}g/mL$ at 6, 12 hours and recovered to the basal level at 48 hours. Glucose level of AD, SD I, II were no significant difference from beginning to end of this experiments. Osmolality was $286.8{\pm}3.3\;mOsm/kg$ at the beginning. In SD II of stepwise-decrease, osmolality was no significant difference during rearing in freshwater (FW). But AD of stepwise-decrease and SD I of stepwise-decrease, osmolality was a little decreased end of this experiments. In AD of acute-decrease, only $Cl^-$ level was showed no significant difference from beginning to end of experiment and $Na^+$, $K^+$ levels were decreased. In case of SD I, $Cl^-$ level was showed no significant difference from beginning to end of experiment and $Na^+$, $K^+$ levels were decreased.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.715-721
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• 1995

Reaction between trans-$[Co(py)_4/Ci_2]^+(py=pyridine)$ and L-proline and diimine (=2,2'-bipyridine, 1,10-phenanthroline) gives two products, $[Co(L-pro)_2/(bipy)]^+$ and $[Co(L-pro)_2(phen)]^+$ complexes, respectively. On column chromatography, $[Co(L-pro)_2(bipy)]^+$ was obtained only as $Lambda$-trans(N) and $[Co(L-pro)_2(phen)]^+$ was obtained both as ${\Delta}$-trans(N) and $Lambda$-cis(O)cis(N) due to the stereoselectivity of L-prolinato which was stereospecific. Crystal data are as follows: $Lambda$-trans(N)-$[Co(L-pro)_2(bipy)]CIO_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ (1): monoclinic, space group $P2_1(#4)$, a=9.807(3), b=10.421(1), c=12.778(2) ${\AA}$, ${\beta}=109.90(2)^{\circ}$, V=1227.8(5) ${\AA}^3$, Z=2; 1571 data with I > 3.0${\sigma}$(I) were refined to R=0.060, $R_W = 0.067$; ${\Delta}$-trans(N)-$[Co(L-pro)_2(phen)]Cl{\cdot}_3H_2O$(2): monoclinic, space group $P2_1(#4)$, a=9.838(2), b=12.892(2), c=10.747(2)${\AA}$, ${\beta}=113.79(2)^{\circ}$, V=1247.2(4) ${\AA}^3$, Z=2; 2433 data with I > 3.0${\sigma}$(I) were refined to R=0.043, $R_W = 0.050$.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 2007

This study was focused on understanding the agricultural non-point sources pollution in 72 rural catchments of Nakdong river watershed from 2001 to 2005 every two year. Also. Pearson correlations between water quality and basin characteristic were computed. Water quality of this study watershed was better in 2003 than any other period. The water quality of upstream was recorded from 0.040 to 0.510 dS/m in EC, from 3.55 to 22.60 mg/L in DO, from 0.32 to 16.64 mg/L in T-N, from 0.00 to 12.21 mg/L in $NO_3-N$, from 0.000 to 0.860 mg/L in T-P, and from 0.000 to 0.640 mg/L in $PO_4-P$. A the downstream, EC was measured from 0.030 to 0.520 dS/m, DO from 4.13 to 18.36 mg/L, T-N from 0.38 to 26.88 mg/L, $NO_3-N$ from 0.10 to 20.12 mg/L, T-P from 0.002 to 0.820 mg/L, $PO_4-P$ from 0.002 to 0.690 mg/L. But there was no difference between upstream and downstream for the water quality. Based on the correlation analysis between water quality and land use, correlation between BOD and residential was the highest positive correlation of 0.541 (p<0.01), and correlation between $PO_4-P$ and forest was the highest negative correlation of -0.451 (p<0.01). Also, T-N, $NO_3-N$, and pH were not correlated with all basin characteristics and basin was not correlated with all water quality parameter. According to the correlation residential was causative of growing worst for water quality, and forest was causative of improving for water quality.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.32-44
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• 2024

Five species, including Synurus plamatopinnatifidus (Makino) Kitam, Lindera obtusiloba Blume, Acorus gramineus Sol., Swertia japonica (Schult.) Griseb., and Valeriana fauriei Briq., native to Mt. Jiri, were collected from their habitats from April to October 2022. The collected plants were analyzed for 17 types of polyphenol components in the whole plant, and the antioxidant activities of DPPH and ABTS were measured according to the parts of the leaves and roots, and the contents of total polyphenol and total flavonoid were measured. Based on these results, we hope that they will be used as basic data for the development of antioxidant cosmetic raw materials targeting the five plants native to Mt. Jiri with high antioxidant efficacy. 1. The polyphenol components contained in the five species of plants native to Mt. Jiri were 12 types, including catechin and quercetin. Among them, the total polyphenol content of A. gramineus was 39.5ppm, and the variety with the lowest polyphenol content was S. japonica with 5.9ppm. 2. DPPH radical scavenging activity was confirmed by EC₅₀ value. As a result, the variety with the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was L. obtusiloba leaves at 35.31㎍/mL. The variety with the lowest scavenging activity was V. fauriei at 262.69㎍/mL for the leaves and 278.99㎍/mL for the roots. 3. ABTS radical scavenging activity was confirmed by EC₅₀ value. The variety with the highest scavenging activity was L. obtusiloba roots at 55.79㎍/mL and 58.85㎍/mL for leaves. The variety with the lowest scavenging activity was S. japonica leaves at 576.5㎍/mL. 4. The variety with the highest total polyphenol content was L. obtusiloba leaves at 158.72mg/g, and the variety with the lowest content was V. fauriei leaves at 0.13mg/g. Therefore, there was a large difference in the total periphenol content by variety. 5. The variety with the highest total flavonoid content was L. obtusiloba leaves at 163.75mg GAE/g, and the other varieties showed low contents at 17.67~41.38mg GAE/g.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2009

This study was carried out to gain the informations about seedling transplanting cultivation of Daehakchal Gold 1 which was developed at the Corn Breed. and Genetics Lab., Coll. of Life and Sci., Chungnam Nat'l Univ. in 2009. This hybrid and Check were sowed over four times at intervals of 10 days from 15th April(1st) to 30th May(last) and transplanted at CNU Corn Breed. Farm the 20th seedling cultivated after sowing, respectively. Results obtained from this experiment were as follows; stem height of this hybrid were variable regardless of sowing and transplanting times, while ear height was gradually increased according to delay of sowing times. Ear size and sharp of fresh corn as one of important traits was good at 2nd harvest times, while tip filling of ear harvested at 1st time was not good and also it's size decreased according to delay of transplanting stage. Stability of this hybrid expressed as ratio of stem height to ear height was very good as 50% below. Accordingly, the proper sowing and transplanting times of Daehackchal Gold 1 considered the late in April to early in May as harvesting proper period.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.159-164
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• 2007

The viable cell of 60% drinking water among 25 drinking water served in restaurant of Daegu district showed above 100 CFU/mL which is sanitary standard of drinking water. The 50 CEO of restaurant considered drinking water served in their own restaurant as just safe and were very deficient in aware of sanitation about drinking water. Sensory quality of drinking water boiled with plant materials, such as barley, Cassia semen, corn, Buckwheat, Korean solomon's seal, Chamomile, Brown rice-green and peppermint was improved in color, taste, flavor and overall acceptability compare to marketed drinking water, respectively. Especially drinking water boiled with Korean solomon's seal was the best In overall acceptability. The number of total bacteria reached above $10^2 CFU/mL$ in marketed drinking water after 4 days storage at 10. But the growth of microorganism did not occur in boiled drinking water with Brown rice-green tea, Korean solomon's seal, barley, Cassia semen and com during storage for 10 days at $10^{\circ}C$, respectively. The number of total bacteria reached above $10^2 CFU/mL$ in marketed drinking water after storage for 1 days at $25^{\circ}C$. The growth of microorganism was accelerated in boiled drinking water with corn, Korean solomon's seal, barley, Cassia semen except Brown rice-green tea during storage far 10 days at $25^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.688-696
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• 2018

Hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L.; HS), an annual herbaceous plant in the Cannabis genus, has been reported to play various biological functions in immunity increase, atherosclerosis, constipation, hyperlipidemia prevention, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. In recently years, as superfood, the growing interest in the health care benefits of hemp seed has led to increased consumption. In this study, we investigated the effect of an ethanol extract of HS fermented with lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC 3107, L. plantarum KCTC 3108, L. brevis BHN-LAB128, L. paracasei BHN-LAB129). An antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus were 13.99 mm and 15.17 mm, respectively. The ethanol extracts of fermented hemp seed by lactic acid bacteria that the contents of total polyphenol, total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, SOD-like activity, and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity were increased compared to non-fermented hemp seed. Also, tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the fermented hemp seed (FHS), known to melanin increasing substance was increased. In these results, we suggested that FHS have effects of anti-oxidant, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Hence, we proposed that FHS has possible to development as functional foods and cosmetics.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2014

We bred a mulberry cultivar named Suhyang through local adaptability test, which is under registration as a new cultivar for fruit production. Local adaptability test was carried out at four places (Suwon, Kongju, Wanju and Jinju) for six years from 2007 to 2012. This is belonging to (Morus alba L.) crossed between Josaenghongpisang (Morus alba L.) and Kaeryang (Morus alba L.) among mulberry genetic resources preserved in Suwon. Suhyang was high yielding cultivar in fruit productivity by 12% compared to control cultivar 'Chungil (Morus alba L.)' for four years. Although Suhyang was higher in sugar content of mulberry fruits, it was bigger than that of 'Chungil'. It is adaptable to every where except the places where cold damage and sclerotic disease happen frequently.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.66-70
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• 2007

Lactobacillus fermentum YL-3 was encapsulated to increase acid tolerance and its total viability. After micro-encapsulation of L. fermentum YL-3 cells with sodium alginate and soybean oil, the morphology of the microcapsule was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) after staining with pyronin Y and fluorescein isothiocyanate. The sizes of the microcapsules were 120-126 ${\mu}m$, 444-486 ${\mu}m$ and 401-463 ${\mu}m$ when manufactured at pH 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The microcapsule could hold live cells of L. fermentum YL-3 up to $1.2{\times}10^{7}$, $8.1{\times}10^{7}$ and $1.1{\times}10^{8}$ CFU/mL at pH 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The acid tolerance and preservative ability of L. fermentum YL-3 in microcapsule and macrocapsule at $4^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ were tested. L. fermentum YL-3 cells were evenly located in the alginate capsule matrix structure and the firmness of microcapsule was highest at pH 2. Micro-encapsulation showed the most effective acid tolerance at pH 2.0 and preservation of viability at $4^{\circ}C$. However, at $25^{\circ}C$, the macrocapsules showed more effective cell protection than the microcapsules. The application range for microcapsules could be wider than for macrocapsules in the food industry.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2007

Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis is one of the commercially important filamentous cyanobacteria. The heterotrophic cultivation of Arthrospira can be an alternative strategy for commercial mass production. In heterotrophic culture, the specific growth rate of A. platensis M9108, a glucose-resistant mutant of A. platensis PCC 9108, was $0.014h^{-1}$ which was 1.8 higher than that oi the previous report. The mutant possessed the facility to assimilate and to metabolize glucose efficiently under heterotrophic condition. However, the r-linolenic acid content of 6 Arthrospira strains was not increased in heterotrophic culture. Four Arthrospira strains out of 6 tested strains were able to utilize maltose as a carbon source under heterotrophic condition. The biomass production of these strains on maltose was similar to that on glucose. The specific growth rate of A. platensis M9108 increased with glucose concentration up to 5.0 g/L and then decreased at a glucose concentration of 10.0 g/L. Additionally, A. platensis M9108 under heterotrophic condition showed no aggregation during the cultivation in contrast to A. platensis PCC 9108.