• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.959-967
• /
• 2008

The body measurement ratios and indices used in this study are all 3D female measurement data of the two countries were obtained from Size Korea Project and SizeUSA Project. The purpose of the study is to compare and analyze body measurement data between two countries. The results of this research are helpful for the clothing manufacturer and company to trade with America. The samples were 1,988 Korean and 6,306 American females. Thirty-five body measurement ratios and indices were chosen as the principal measurements in making garments. The conclusion of this research was as follow; First, U.S. females have measurements that exceed Korean women, except for crotch length total and shoulder slope. Second, the correlation coefficients of height and weight are relatively higher than other measurements in the two countries' body measurements. Finally, American women's height ratios are significantly bigger than Korean women's in most height ratios. On the other hand, Korean are significantly bigger than American in weight ratios. The drop values of Korean females are also smaller than those of American. It was recognized that American women are much bigger, wider and more obese than Korean according to the results by utilizing the girth ratios. BMI, Rohrer and Vervaeck index.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
• /
• 2001.06a
• /
• pp.1510-1510
• /
• 2001

NIRS uses reflectance signals resulting from bending and stretching vibrations in chemical bonds between carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfur and oxygen. These reflectance signals are used to measure the concentration of major chemical composition and other descriptors of homogenized and freeze-dried whole broiler carcasses. Six strains of chicken were analyzed and the NIRS model predictions compared to reference data. The results of this comparison indicate that NIRS is a rapid tool for predicting dry matter (DM), fat, crude protein (CP) and ash content in the broiler carcass. Males and females of six commercial strain crosses of broiler chicken (Gallus domesticus) were used in this study (6$\times$2 factorial design). Each strain was grown to 16 weeks of age, and duplicate serial samples were taken for body composition analysis. Each whole carcass was pressure-cooked, homogenized, and a representative sample was freeze-dried. Body composition determined as follows: DM by oven dried method at 105$^{\circ}C$ for 3 hours, fat by Mojonnier diethyl ether extraction, CP by measuring nitrogen content using an auto-analyzer with Kjeldhal digest and ash by combustion in a muffle furnace for 24 hour at 55$0^{\circ}C$. These homogenized and freeze-dried carcass samples were then scanned with a Foss NIR Systems 6500 visible-NIR spectrophotometer (400-2500nm) (Foss NIR Systems, Silver Spring, MD., US) using Infra-Soft-International, ISI, WinISl software (ISI, Port Matilda, US). The NIRS spectra were analyzed using principal component (PC) analysis. This data was corrected for scatter using standard normal “Variate” and “Detrend” technique. The accuracy of the NIRS calibration equations developed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) for predicting major chemical composition and carcass descriptors- such as body mass (BM), bird dry matter and moisture content was tested using cross validation. Discrimination analysis was also used for sex and strain identification. According to Dr John Shenk, the creator of the ISI software, the calibration equations with the correlation coefficient, $R^2$, between reference data and NIRS predicted results of above 0.90 is excellent and between 0.70 to 0.89 is a good quantifying guideline. The excellent calibration equations for DM ($R^2$= 0.99), fat (0.98) and CP (0.92) and a good quantifying guideline equation for ash (0.80) were developed in this study. The results of cross validation statistics for carcass descriptors, body composition using reference methods, inter-correlation between carcass descriptors and NIRS calibration, and the results of discrimination analysis for sex and strain identification will also be presented in the poster. The NIRS predicted daily gain and calculated daily gain from this experiment, and true daily gain (using data from another experiment with closely related broiler chicken from each of the six strains) will also be discussed in the paper.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.31 no.6 s.165
• /
• pp.892-901
• /
• 2007

This research is the initial step for establishing a convertible body sizing table applicable to the Korean and American female apparel industry. All 3D female measurement data of the two countries were obtained from Size Korea Project and SizeUSA Project. The sample subjects used in this study were 1,988 Korean and 6,306 American females. Thirty-four(34) variables were chosen as the principal measurements in making garments. The conclusion of this research was as follow: First, it was determined that American women were larger and longer than Korean women in all measurement except shoulder slope measurement. Second, according to the differences analysis of the each age group in Korean Females, all measurements except hip girth had significant differences among the age groups. In case of American females, all measurements except arm length(shoulder to wrist) had significant differences among the age groups. Third, in the comparison of differences between the age groups of the two countries' women, some dimensions varied significantly with age, while others did not show any statistical significance among the age groups. Fourth, according to the t-tests of same age groups between Korean & American female measurements, American female measurements were larger and longer than Korean in all measurements except crotch length total, shoulder slope, hip girth-bust girth and hip girth-waist girth.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.265-270
• /
• 2018

PURPOSE. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of a new implant impression technique using bite impression coping and a dual arch tray. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Two implant fixtures were placed on maxillary left second premolar and first molar area in dentoform model. The model with two fixtures was used as the reference. The impression was divided into 2 groups, n=10 each. In group 1, heavy/light body silicone impression was made with pick up impression copings and open tray. In group 2, putty/light body silicone impression was made with bite impression copings and dual arch tray. The reference model and the master casts with implant scan bodies were scanned by a laboratory scanner. Surface tessellation language (STL) datasets from test groups was superimposed with STL dataset of reference model using inspection software. The three-dimensional deviation between the reference model and impression models was calculated and illustrated as a color-map. Data was analyzed by independent samples T-test of variance at ${\alpha}=.05$. RESULTS. The mean 3D implant deviations of pick up impression group (group 1) and dual arch impression group (group 2) were 0.029 mm and 0.034 mm, respectively. The difference in 3D deviations between groups 1 and 2 was not statistically significant (P=.075). CONCLUSION. Within limitations of this study, the accuracy of implant impression using a bite impression coping and dual arch tray is comparable to that of conventional pick-up impression.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.183-184
• /
• 2006

Some researchers proposed positive effects of whole body vibration (WBV) on osteoporotic trabecular bones of animals. In the present study, the correlation between the improvement of morphological characteristics and the effect of WBV was investigated and analyzed in OVX rats. The rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups: control, sham, WBV 17Hz, WBV 30Hz and WBV 45Hz. The WBV groups were exercised on a vibration platform (magnitude : $1mm_{peak-peak}$, frequency : 17Hz, 30Hz and 45Hz, 30 minutes/day for 5 days/week). The 4th lumbar on rats was scanned by In-vivo Micro-CT at the week 0(just before WBV) and the week 8(after WBV). Structural parameters of the 4th lumbar, based on two dimensional (2D) scan image data, were investigated and analyzed. The quantitative decrement rate of trabecular bone on WBV groups with 30Hz and 45Hz were lower than control and sham groups. The results showed the positive effect of WBV on osteoporotic bones of OVX rats.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.649-650
• /
• 2006

Some researchers proposed positive effects of whole body vibration (WBV) on osteoporotic trabecular bones of animals. In the present study, the correlation between the improvement of morphological characteristics and the effect of WBV was investigated and analyzed in OVX rats. The rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups: control, sham, WBV 17Hz, WBV 30Hz and WBV 45Hz. The WBV groups were exercised on a vibration platform (magnitude $1mm_{peak-peak}$, frequency : 17Hz, 30Hz and 45Hz, 30 minutes/day for 5 days/week). The 4th lumbar on rats was scanned by In-vivo Micro-CT at the week 0(iust before WBV) and the week 8(after WBV). Structural parameters of the 4th lumbar, based on two dimensional (2D) scan image data, were investigated and analyzed. The quantitative decrement rate of trabecular bone on WBV groups with 30Hz and 45Hz were lower than control and sham groups. The results showed the positive effect of WBV on osteoporotic bones of OVX rats.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.37-52
• /
• 2006

This study was designed to analyze the three-dimensional shapes of Hanbok Chima made with various fabrics and to clarify the relationship between fabric properties as well as the objective and subjective evaluations of the 3D shape. For 3D shape data, a dress form (9A2 (N; nude)) was scanned with eight Chima garments made with the same number of fabrics. The scanner used was a non-contact three-dimensional human body measuring system belonging to Bunka Women's University in Japan. Data concerning the objective evaluation of the 3D shape was obtained from the measurements of the vertical and horizontal sections: those for subjective evaluation were through the sensory test after exposure to photographs from a front and side view. Four fabric factors were extracted from fabric physical properties: softness, extension, thickness of threads, and weight of fabric. Such factors as expansion (volume), sag of rear train, shape of nodes were influential in explaining the 3D shape of Hanbok Chima. From the analysis of the 3D shape, it can be deduced that with the constituent fabric stiffer, lighter, and less stretchable, the more expanded the 3D shape appeared to be. Multiple regression results showed that vertical shape factors have a greater effect on the evaluation of the 3D shape. It also implies that dependent variables of this study such as the subjective evaluation and 3D shape can be derived from regression equations on independent variables as fabric property factors or 3D shape factors. These results can enable the manufacturers to predict the 3D shape of the garment as well as the human subjective assessment to improve the efficacy of production. The investigation method proposed in this study can also be applicable to other garment items.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.11
• /
• pp.5299-5304
• /
• 2012

MRI signals are significantly reduced by the magnetic field inhomogenity result from human body itself being consisted of various materials like air, fat, muscle, bone and blood vessels. In this study we used silicon which is tissue equivalent to compensate wound body shapes. Objects were eight adults who do not have any special symptoms. Feet were scanned because of their complicated structures and consequently signal reduction occurs a lot. Thirty images were acquired from the middle of arcus pedis longitudinalis including five distal phalanges parallel to the line connecting metatarsal bone and phalanges. SNR data from bones and soft tissues were compared before and after sticking silion between toes and paired t test was performed. It was came out that SNR data from bone and soft tissue were both significantly higher after applying silicon on both T1 and T2 weighted images and it was statistically meaningful having positive corelation. As a result, this study dramatically increases SNR without affecting object by increasing the object volume inside the surface coil.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.160-164
• /
• 2007

In the steel industry, there is a need to produce large forged parts for the automobile industries, the flight and shipping industries ad military industries. In the steel-industry application, a cogging technique for cast ingots is required, because the major parts are needed as one large body in order to obtain higher quality. Therefore, cogging process is the primary step in manufacturing of practically large open-die forging. In the cogging process, internal voids have to be eliminated as defects, The present work is concerned with the elimination of the internal voids in large ingots so as obtain sound products. In this study, hot compression tests were carried out to obtain the flow stress of cast microstructure at different temperature and strain rates. The FEM analysis are performed to investigate the overlap defect of cast ingots during cogging stage. The measure flow stress data were used to simulate the cogging process of cast ingot using the practical material properties. Also the analysis of void closure are performed by using the $DEFORM^{TM}$-3D. The calculated results of void closure behavior are compared with the measured results before and after cogging, which are scanned by the X-ray scanner. From this result, the criteria for deformation amounts effect on the void closure can be investigated by the comparison of practical experiment and numerical analysis.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.568-572
• /
• 2007

This study was carried out to show at the fractal analysis complements the practical disadvantage of gray level histogram which is designed to measure the quantitative classification of echo patterns in ultrasonographic image of parenchymal organs such as spleen and kidney and it is a practical method of measurement for quantitative classification. By using ultrasonographs, kidney and spleen of 21 healthy Beagles were fixed under different gain settings to be scanned for echo patterns and results were analyzed with body gray level histogram and fractal analysis. Then it was compared based on the statistical data obtained. Although there was a proportionate increase in histogram along with gain settings, there were consistencies in the fractal dimension. In terms of quantitative analysis in ultrasonographic images, fractal analysis is concluded to complement the practical disadvantage of gray level histogram.