• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.635-642
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• 2002

This study was performed to investigate the effects of isoflavone consumption on plasma and liver lipid profiles and immune responses in Sprague-Dawley male rats. Experimental animals fed isoflavone at various doses for 4 weeks (0, 1095, 2190, 4380 isoflavone mg/kg diet). Exposure to isoflavone decreased the food consumption and final body weights of rats without decreasing the relative weights of organs, hemoglobin and hematocrit. And the plasma cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, liver total lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were significantly decreased by isoflavone intakes. The absolute and relative weights of thymus were significantly decreased in groups fed isoflavone than in control. Also splenocyte proliferations with Con A or PHA were decreased according to isoflavone consumption in rats, although there was not significant. These results demonstrate that isoflavone intakes significantly improve lipid profiles in plasma and liver. But the effects of isoflavone intakes on immune responses are needed further experiments.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.13 no.3_4
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• pp.143-149
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• 1998

To elucidate the preventive effect of Danchisoyosan (DS) on stress, we investigated the physiological change of rats which were applied immobilization stress. For immobilization stress, rats were placed in restrainer for 12 hours a day for 3 days. During application of stress, body weight of rats was measured. After sacrifice, 8 organs were taken for measurement of organ weight. Brain was sectioned into 4 parts that are Frontal Cortex, Corpus Striatum, Hypothalamus and Hippocampus. Each part was homogenated and its catecholamine and serotonin contents were measured with HPLC. In our study, stress mainly induced increase of concentration of neurotransmitters in brain without other significant physical change of rats. DS inhibited stress induced changes of neurotransmitter content in brain.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.3 s.260
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• pp.251-254
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• 2006

Metallic fixations devices are widely used in the surgical management of fractures and dislocations of shoulder. It is known that Kirschner wire (K-wire) may migrate into the thoracic cavity or other organs may occur. We report a case in which a K-wire previously placed in the clavicle migrated into the thoracic cavity without causing any trauma to the major vascular structures and was removed successfully by thoracoscopic surgery.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2018

As a part of general toxicity studies of Enterococcus Faecalis 2001 (EF 2001) prepared using heat-treatment bacillus mort body EF 2001 in mice, this study examined the toxicity of EF 2001 in single and repeated administrations following the previous report in order to apply this product to preventive medicine. The safety of oral ingestion of EF 2001 was examined in 6-week-old male and female ICR mice with 1,000 mg/kg, 3,000 mg/kg and 5,000 mg/kg body weight/day administrated by gavage of the maximum acceptable dose of EF 2001. The study was conducted using distilled water as a control following the methods for general toxicity studies described in the "Guidelines for Non-clinical Studies of Pharmaceutical Products 2002". As a control, 1) observation of general conditions, 2) measurement of body weight, 3) determination of food consumption, 4) determination of water consumption, 5) blood test and urinalysis and 6) pathological examination were performed for the administration of EF 2001. Mice received EF 2001 for 13 weeks and results were compared with those of the control group that received distilled water. The results of the above examinations revealed no significant differences between control and EF 2001 groups for both males and females. Thus, no notable toxicity was confirmed with single and repeated oral administrations of EF 2001. Oral administration in the above doses did not result in abnormal symptoms or death during the observation period. No abnormalities in blood cell count or organ weights were seen. Without any evidence of toxicity to cells and organs, EF 2001 is speculated to not adversely affect living organisms. The 50% lethal dose of EF 2001 with oral administration in mice is estimated to be greater than 5,000 mg/kg body weight/day for both male and female mice. Therefore, $LD_{50}$ value for animals was 5,000 mg/kg or more.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.147-150
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• 2015

Impalement injury is the subset of penetrating trauma, defined as fixed, elongated objects penetrate and remain in the human body cavity or region by relatively low velocity. We report an unusual case of facial and neck impalement where two dirty rusted iron bars penetrated forehead bilaterally and exited neck and ear respectively without causing major organ injuries. After thorough radiologic and physical evaluation, the patient got medical and surgical treatment. The patient was discharged without complication after four day of delayed wound closure. There have been no complications and sequelaes related with trauma, wound infection and scar contracture at 3-year follow-up. According to affected organs and pattern of impalement, individualized and multidisciplinary surgical approach should be considered. Following these guidelines as in this case, it was possible to achieve excellent clinical outcome in impalement injury.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.109-123
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• 2012

Our study investigated the effects of Solanum macrocarpon (African eggplant) on haematological and biochemical parameters of male albino rats exposed to urban air pollution ($O_3$, $PM_{10}$, CO, $SO_2$, $NO_2$ and VOC). Male albino Wistar rats were exposed for 63 days either to urban air pollution without treatment (A); oral supplementation with Solanum macrocarpon given at 36 and 75 mg/kg body weight (BW), representing C and D respectively and exposed to air pollution; oral supplementation with Solanum macrocarpon given at 75 mg/kg BW after exposure to air pollution (B); or kept in animal house without exposure to air pollution (E). Animals exposed to air pollution showed significant alterations in haematological and biochemical parameters signaling that the blood and organs were badly injured. There were significant elevations in white blood cells (WBC) and its indices, reduction in red blood cells (RBC) and significant depletions of non-enzymic antioxidants, total protein and increase in lipid peroxidation values. Solanum macrocarpon supplementation in the feed of animals halted significantly the deleterious effects of air pollution, with co-administration during exposure given better results.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.246-251
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to evaluate SUV (standard uptake value) using different reconstruction methods in whole body PET/CT Imaging. PET/CT studies were peformed with and without correction for effect of contrast media. The patients data were acquired using GE DSTe commercial PET/CT system. The liver disease (hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC) and renal disease (renal ceil carcinoma, RCC) patients were selected for this study, The PET/CT data were reconstructed using post CT scan with and without correction for effect of contrast media. We selected ROIs (region of Interest) at the same location and same area for the same patient to compare SUVs in these two methods. For HCC and RCC, the average differences of SUVs were measured as $1.5{\pm}1.2%\;and\;1.0{\pm}0.9%$, respectively. For HCC and RCC, the maximum differences of SUVs were measured as 4.3% and 1.9%, respectively. We observed that SUVs without correction for effect of contrast media were higher than SUVs with correction for effect of contrast media. However the differences of SUVs were very minimal. These results may be limited to HCC and RCC and further studies will be Heeded for other organs or diseases to see any changes in SUV with and without correction for effect of contrast media.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.474-481
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• 2017

In Korea, foot-and-mouth disease has not been reported for several decades, but it began to develop again in 2000. For 2010~2011, when the worst occurred, 3.5 million animals were disposed of resulting in a loss of 2.8 trillion won. In order to prevent the harmful effects of foot-and-mouth disease, vaccination and housing management are being implemented. Despite these measures, foot-and-mouth disease is infected with air through the respiratory tract and accompanies fever after latency. Therefore, it is recognized that measuring and managing the body temperature of livestock at the early stage is the first step of managing this disease. In this paper, we propose a temperature monitoring system that can measure the body temperature by incorporating temperature sensor mounted in ear-tag of cattle and collect body temperature data of each individual cattle through BLE into the control server. The proposed body temperature monitoring system has various advantages such as easy installation without the help of livestock specialists and not damaging the organs of the livestock. So, it is possible to manage the abnormal symptom of cattle in real time and it is believed that the proposed monitoring system will revolutionize the prevention of foot-and-mouth disease.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.74-81
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• 2010

The effects of different levels of natural clay enterosorbent on the growth, nutrient availability, and genital organs of post-weaning female pigs fed with an addition of zearalenone (ZEA) were investigated in the study. A total of thirty-five post-weaning gilts ($L{\times}Y{\times}D$) with an average body weight of 12.36${\pm}$1.46 kg were used in the test. The gilts were raised individually in metabolism cages and fed a corn-soybean meal-whey basal diet with an addition of 0 or 1 mg/kg of ZEA for 24 d with four levels of natural clay enterosorbent added in the feed. The treatments were: i) control; ii) control+2.5 g/kg clay; iii) control+1 mg/kg ZEA; iv) control+1 mg/kg ZEA+1.25 g/kg clay; v) control+1 mg/kg ZEA+2.5 g/kg clay; vi) control+1 mg/kg ZEA+5.0 g/kg clay; vii) control+1 mg/kg ZEA +10 g/kg clay. Pigs fed diets contaminated with additional purified ZEA had significantly reduced apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP), gross energy (GE) and apparent metabolic rate of GE (ME/GE, p<0.05) without changes of net protein utilization (NPU, p>0.05). Final body weight, average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), vulva length, vulva width, vulva area, relative weights of genital organ and proliferative changes of the ovary tissues in gilts fed ZEA-contaminated diet were increased (p<0.05) compared to the gilts fed the control diet. Addition of natural clay enterosorbent in the ZEA-contaminated diet showed a positive protection effect on ZEA feeding, and the protection was increased linearly or quadratically as clay content increased. However, in pigs fed a diet with clay alone at 2.5 g/kg level there was no significant impact (p>0.05) on all the parameters as compared to the control. It is suggested that feeding ZEA at about 1.0 mg/kg for 24 days might result in a deleterious effect in pigs, and addition of 5 or 10 g clay enterosorbent per kg diet can effectively neutralize the detrimental effects of the ZEA feeding.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.99-113
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• 1992

This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary protein and calcium levels on cadmium detoxication in rats. Seventy male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 208 $\pm$ 19 g were blocked into 10 groups of 7 animals according to body weight. Five groups were fed 15% protein-0.6% calcium diet with 100ppm cadmium in drinking water for first 15days and the other 5groups fed same diet without cadmium in drinking water for same period and served as controls. After this 15-day intoxication period, each one of cadmium intoxication and control groups were fed each of 4 kinds of detoxifying diets different with protein(40%, 15%) and calcium(1.3%, 0.6%) levels without cadmimum in drinking water for following 15 days of detoxifying period. Results were summarized as follows: 1) Food intake, body weight gain, F.E.R. and weights of liver, kidney and femur were increased by detoxifying diets and high protein diet was most effective in weight gains of liver and kidney. 2) When cadmium and metallothionein contents of initial intoxication group and those of all detoxication groups were compared, cadmium and metallothionein contents in the liver were not changed, but those in kidney increased, and those in intestine decreased markedly. 3) Only dietary protein level affected cadmium and metallothionein distribution among organs, and cadmium contents of whole blood, liver, kidney and femur were lower in high protein diet, but metallothionein contents in liver and kidney were higher in high protein diet. 4) Gel filtration chromatogram showed that most of cadmium in the cytosol was bound to metallothionein fractions in high protein-high calcium group. Results obtained indicated that high protein diet was effective in cadmium detoxication by increasing the induction of metallothionein synthesis. But high calcium diet did not play a role in cadmium detoxication.