• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.132-142
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• 2000

Purpose In Sasang Constitution Medicine, persons are divided into four types such as Taeyangin, Taeumin, Soyangin and Soeumin according to their appearance, moral nature and characteristic of constitutional symptoms. In teenager group, diagnosis of constitution based on their appearance was so difficult that we adopted new diagnostic method which measures and compares body compositions. Methods 180 middle school students who live in Pusan were studied from 20th of March, 1999 to 20th of March, 2000. After practicing Questionnaire(I), QSCC(Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution) I , QSCCII, we have measured the height and body compositions with Inbody 3.0, five times. Results 1. The results of Sasang Constitution analysis showed 91 students were classified as Taeumin(50.3%), 75 as Soyangin(41.4%), 14 as Soeumin(7.7%), and 1 as Taeyangin(0.6%). 2. The level of total body water, muscle area, BMR(Basal Metabolic Rate), BCM(Body Cell Mass), and AMC(Arm Muscle Circumference) were increased during spring and summer. That of body weight, fat body weight, fat body weight ratio, waist hip ratio, and BMI(Body Mass Index were increased during fall and winter. 3. In Taeumin and Soyangin groups, the changed capacity of total body water, muscle area and BMR were increased with statistical significance. 4. Waist hip ratio of Soeumin group was reduced more than those of Taeumin, Soyangin groups with statistical significance.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.152-158
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of modified fasting therapy using Gamrosu and herbal medicine on the changes of body compositions in women. We analyzed the medical records of 11 patients, who carried out modified fasting therapy at Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University. Body compositions (body weight, body mass index, body fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, basal metabolic rate, extracellular water ratio, abdominal circumference, thickness of abdominal subcutaneous fat, visceral fat area) were reviewed before and after modified fasting therapy. The body composition values (body weight, body mass index, body fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, basal metabolic rate, extracellular water ratio, abdominal circumference, thickness of abdominal subcutaneous fat, visceral fat area) decreased after modified fasting therapy. Results from this investigation showed that modified fasting therapy using Gamrosu and herbal medicine has positive effects on changes of body compositions.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.52-62
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate dietary macronutrient and $VO_{2}$ by BMI The subjects consisted of 50 female college students. They were divided into three groups: Below BMI 18.5 kg/$m^{2}$ (n = 9), BMI 18.5 - 23 kg/$m^{2}$ (n = 28), above BMI 23 g/$m^{2}$ (n = 13). Health-related questionnaires, dietary macronutrients, macronutrient compositions, food frequency questionnaires, body compositions and $VO_{2}$ were studied. Macronutrient compositions that macronutrient intakes were expressed by the percentage of daily energy intakes. There were significant differences in body fat, percent of body fat, and fat distribution by BMI Also, significantly increasing of basal metabolic rate (BMR) was shown by BMI, but BMR per body weight was decreased by BMI Overall, there were no significant differences in health-related questionnaires, food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), dietary macronutrients and $VO_{2}$ by BMI but salty taste preferences and carbohydrate intakes, FFQ of beans, white vegetables rand, yellow-green vegetables in the above BMI 23 g/$m^{2}$ group were significantly higher than other groups. There were no significant differences in macronutrient composition but the lipid composition of subjects was shown above $20\%$. Also, energy intakes of subjects were shown to be low; especially the below BMI 18.5 kg/$m^{2}$ group was very low ($55\%$ of RDA). Significantly positive correlation was found in BMR and body composition such as skeletal muscle & lean body mass, but significant correlation was not found in BMR and dietary macronutrients. Overall, researched energy metabolism factor was not different by BMI Only in the BMI 18.5 23 kg/$m^{2}$ (normal) group, significantly positive correlation was found in $VO_{2}$peak and body fat oxidation. Therefore, proper nutritional education for female college students is needed in order to improve their obesity-related health. Moreover, a nutritional survey method of finding diverse factors that affect their health should be developed to meet various needs.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.158-168
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of exercise using Thera Band on body compositions, blood pressure and physical fitness in the elderly women. Method: The study was designed as a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study. Twenty four subjects were assigned for experimental group and twenty one subjects were assigned for control group. The experimental group participated in Thera Band exercise program consisting of 60 minutes per session, 3 times a week during the period of 12 weeks. The effects of the program were assessed using the instruments measuring the body compositions, blood pressure and physical fitness before and after applying the program. Data were collected between April and June in 2006, and analyzed by $x^2$-test, t-test, ANCOVA using a SPSS 11.5 program. Results: There were statistically significant in percent of body fat, muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, and balance ability, but no significant differences were found in body weight, systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. Conclusion: Exercise using Thera Band can be an effective nursing intervention to improve percent of body fat, muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility and balance ability in the elderly women.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.72-82
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare the body compositions and food behaviors of middle aged men with different obesity indices. The subjects were 62 middle aged men who lived Gunsan city. Heights, body weights, soft/lean masses, fat masses, percentages of body fat, and fat distributions were measured. Food habits and health-related lifestyle habits were evaluated based on questionnaires. The subjects were assigned to one of the following groups based on their percentage of body fat ($\%$Fat) ; normal, overweight and obesity. The results were as follows: their heights, fat masses, percentages of body fat, WHR, RBW, BMI and fitness scores were significantly higher in the obese subjects when compared to the normal and overweight subjects. Self-perceptions of weight and desires of weight control were significantly related with their percents of Fat. The overweight and the obese groups skipped meals, ate supper out, ate snacks, smoked tobacco, and exercised less frequently than the normal group. There were no significant differences in the scores of the dietary habits and drinking of alcohol among the three groups. Therefore, proper nutritional education on regular meals and intervention is required if middle aged men want to be of normal weight and have healthy lifestyles.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.29
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• pp.27-34
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• 2001

The concept of homogeneous space which was made in during the modern architecture was criticize for making our circumstances uniformly. The difference of place disappeared. The concept of place, however, has been watching in Contemporary Architecture. A basis for the concept of place is 'movement in space'through the sense of the body. Thus, architectural methods for experiencing place are composing the sequence through the continuous time. It is important that the composition of sequences in place makes the spatial experiences with harmonies of architecture and environments in exterior space for people who enter the building. Tadao Ando makes place in terms of experiencing body. Compositions of sequence in his works are expressed very well at the approaching stages in the process of exterior space. This stud is to survey the compositions of approaching sequence in Tadao Ando's Works.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.589-602
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• 2003

This study was designed to investigate the effects of weight reduction and changes in serum lipid composition using a commercial uncooked powdered food (UPF) diet on 27 obese hyperlipidemic women over a period of 12 weeks. We replaced the standard breakfast and dinner of each of the subjects with UPF. Their dietary intake status was evaluated by 24-hour recall method. Their body compositions were measured using a body fat analyzer. Also, we conducted hematological, clinical and lipid profile analyses of their blood. Their intake of energy, lipid and protein significantly decreased as the subjects started to take UPF, but their intake of vitamins and minerals, other than iron, increased. Due to the energy intake decrease, the subjects' weight, body fat and waist circumference significantly decreased. Among the lost weight the percentage of the body fat was high. We judged that this process of losing weight was successful in obese hyperlipidemic women. Serum HDL-cholesterol gradually increased and serum total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride levels showed gradual decreases. When obese hyperlipidemic women replaced two of three meals with UPF for 3 months, we were able to see useful changes like decreased body fat and serum lipid. Complete judgment on the usefulness of UPF may be difficult but if people take a standard meal once a day and replenish their iron by taking UPF twice a day, we assume that replacing UPF with balanced regular meal not be a problem in nutritional status. Our results show that UPF is effective in the diet therapy of obese hyperlipidemic women.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 8weeks of exercise station training with elastic band and swissball on body compositions and balance ability for elderly women. Methods: This study was designed as a experimental pre-post exercise station training evaluation. The experimental group performed exercises with band and ball for 8 weeks. The effects of the program were assessed using instruments measuring the body compositions and balance ability before and after participating in the training program. Results: There were no significant differences in body compositions and index of falling down risk, however, there were significant differences with balance index, functional reach test and one leg stand test. Conclusion: These findings suggest that exercise station training with elastic band and swissball can serve as an effective means of improving balance ability in elderly women.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1413-1419
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of hemispheric damage in body composition of male adults with stroke experiences. The Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) with body composition results obtained from the DXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) assessments were used for this study. Survey data of 18 post-stroke men and 28 healthy controls were obtained. Both the lean and fat masses of the upper and lower limbs were utilized to compare for the compositions between the limbs in post-stroke subjects. In addition, the effect of exercise habit was also observed for the influence of physical activity in body composition. Mixed results in left and right limb compositions were shown between the groups. When the subjects were further divided based on walking days per week, sedentary (walk ${\leq}2d/wk$) post-stroke group showed significantly greater fat mass and less lean mass than the physically active people (walk ${\geq}3d/wk$). In comparison to the healthy sedentary and physically active controls, two post-stroke groups showed greater variations. The results indicate that physical activity maintains or improve the quality of both the upper and lower limb composition in patients with post-stroke men.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.547-557
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• 1993

This study was done to investigate whether dietary fats differing in their fatty acid compositions change hepatic mitochondrial lipid composition and thereby change adenine nucleotide translocase activity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 5 different wxperimental diets for 6 weeks, which were different in their fatty acid compositions. The dietary fats were beef tallow(BT), olive oil(OO), corn oil(CO), perilla oil(PO) and sardine oil(SO) as a source of saturated fatty acid, oleic acid, n-6 linoleic acid, n-3 $\alpha$-linolenic acid and n-3 eiocosapentaenoic acid+docosahexaenoic acid respectively. Body weight of PO group was significantly higher than that of either BT or SO group. This increase in body weight of PO group was due to the increase of food intake. Although there was no difference in liver weight, % liver weight per body weight of SO group was significantly higher than BT and OO groups. Analysis of mitochondrial lipid composition showed that dietary oils differing their fatty acid compositions altered mitochondrial fatty acid patterns, especially n-6/n-3 ratio, cholesterol/phospholipid ratio and phopsholipid composition. The n-6/n-3 ratio was highest in CO group but lowest in SO group whereas the ratio of Chol/PL was highest in SO group but lowest in CO group. Such changes in mitochondrial lipids did not lead to a significant alteration in the activities of adenine nucleotide translocase, which is embedded in mitochodrial inner membrane.