• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.724-741
• /
• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the body weight controls and eating disorders of university students in Gunsan. The subject of the present study included 229 male students (53.8%) and 197 female students (46.2%), totalling 426 students from Kunsan University. The subjects consisted of 56 underweight (13.1%), 265 with normal weight (62.2%), and 105 overweight (24.6%). Especially, in females, 20.8% of them were underweight, which is 6.6% higher than males, showing a significant difference (p<0.001). Regarding body image, 21.8% of the males thought they were fat, while 40.6% of the females thought they were fat. Regarding the perceived body type, shown in the difference between their own size and the ideal size, males recorded 0.03, while females recorded 1.75, showing a major significant difference (p<0.001). Regarding body satisfaction, 33.2% of the males were unsatisfied, while 52.8% of the females were unsatisfied (p<0.001). The social expectations of the male subjects' sizes and weights recorded 2.04, while that of females recorded -2.51, showing that people's opinions expected the female subjects' bodies to be thinner (p<0.001). Additionally, the social expectation of the subjects' weight control recorded an average of 15.22 (13.92 for males, 16.73 for females), showing that the female subjects' felt that people's opinions wished them to lose their weight (p<0.001). Regarding the recognition on weight control, interested males were 49.4%, while interested females were 86.8%, showing the females superior rate (p<0.001). The beliefs in relation to weight control recorded an average of 62.01, with the score of females of 67.89 being significantly higher than that of males which was 56.96. The subjects showed a relatively positive response towards weight control (p<0.001). EAT-26 score was employed to determine the eating attitudes in relation to gender. Here, the final score of males was 15.46, which was significantly lower than that of females, which was 22.21 (p<0.001). Furthermore, regarding the score of eating attitudes in relation to obesity index, the eating disorder scale scores on the questions related to bulimia and diets to lose weight as weight increases were high. However, the eating disorder scale score on oral control, which actually controls food, was low. To control the expansion of excessive weight control attempts and their side effects, the recognition of the students' body types needs to be corrected, and nutrition education programs on eating habits and eating disorders to foster proper weight loss are deemed necessary.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.1277-1284
• /
• 2016

Background: Early detection is a critical part of reducing the burden of breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE) has been found to be an especially important early detection strategy in low and middle income countries such as Malaysia. Although reports indicate that Malaysian women report an increase in BSE activity in recent years, additional research is needed to explore factors that may help to increase this behavior among Southeastern Asian women. Objective: This study is the first of its kind to explore how the predicting variables of self-efficacy, perceived barriers, and body image factors correlate with self-reports of past BSE, and intention to conduct future breast self-exams among female students in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: Through the analysis of data collected from a prior study of female students from nine Malaysian universities (n=842), this study found that self-efficacy, perceived barriers and specific body image sub-constructs (MBSRQ-Appearance Scales) were correlated with, and at times predicted, both the likelihood of past BSE and the intention to conduct breast self-exams in the future. Results: Self-efficacy (SE) positively predicted the likelihood of past self-exam behavior, and intention to conduct future breast self-exams. Perceived barriers (BR) negatively predicted past behavior and future intention of breast self-exams. The body image sub-constructs of appearance evaluation (AE) and overweight preoccupation (OWP) predicted the likelihood of past behavior but did not predict intention for future behavior. Appearance orientation (AO) had a somewhat opposite effect: AO did not correlate with or predict past behavior but did correlate with intention to conduct breast self-exams in the future. The body image sub-constructs of body area satisfaction (BASS) and self-classified weight (SCW) showed no correlation with the subjects' past breast self-exam behavior nor with their intention to conduct breast self-exams in the future. Conclusions: Findings from this study indicate that both self-efficacy and perceived barriers to BSE are significant psychosocial factors that influence BSE behavior. These results suggest that health promotion interventions that help enhance self-efficacy and reduce perceived barriers have the potential to increase the intentions of Malaysian women to perform breast self-exams, which can promote early detection of breast cancers. Future research should evaluate targeted communication interventions for addressing self-efficacy and perceived barriers to breast self-exams with at-risk Malaysian women. and further explore the relationship between BSE and body image.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.202-208
• /
• 2005

본 연구에서는 청소년기 남녀 중학생의 건강과 관련된 임상 증상에 따른 식습관, 영양지식, 영양태도를 알아보기 위하여 조사를 실시하였다. 좋지 않은 건강상태를 나타내는 임상증상 중 자주 생긴다고 답한 항목이 1개 이하인 경우를 건강군, 2개 이상의 항목에서 자주 생긴다고 답한 경우를 비건강군으로 분류하여 각 조사 항목을 비교 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 전체 대상자들(524명)의 평균 연령은 14.0세였으며, 신장은 남학생 162.0 cm, 여학생 157.2 cm였고, 체중은 남학생 53.4 kg, 여 학생 49.4 kg으로 신장과 체중 모두 남학생이 높았다. 신장과 체중으로부터 산출한 체질량지수(BMI)는 남학생 20.3 kg/$m^2$, 여학생 20.0 kg/$m^2$로 모두 정상 범위에 속하였다. 건강군(289명)과 비건강군(235명)의 평균 연령, 체중, 신장, 체질량지수는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 체형 인식, 만족도, 체중조절 시도여부를 비교한 결과 본인의 체형에 대한 인식은 건강군과 비건강군 간에서 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 체형만족도에서는 유의적인 차이를 보여 본인의 체형에 만족하지 않는다는 비율이 건강군 여자의 33.1%에 비하여 비건강군 여자는 46.2%로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 지난 1년간의 체중조절 시도 여부에 대하여서도 비건강군 여자의 59.5%가 체중을 감소시키기 위하여 노력하였다고 답하여 건강군 여자의 38.5%에 비하여 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.01). 남학생의 경우에는 체형만족도와 체중 조절 경험에 있어서 두 군간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 영양지식과 영양태도 점수를 비교한 결과 건강군과 비건강군간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 끼니별 식사빈도를 조사한 결과 여자의 경우 아침식사를 주4회 이하로 하는 경우가 건강군은 30.7%였으나, 비건강군의 경우 44.0%로 높았다(p<0.05). 저녁 식사는 주 4회 이하의 식사를 하는 경우가 건강군은 10.7%인 반면, 비건강군은 18.8%로 아침 과 저녁 식사 모두 여자 비건강군의 결식률이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.01).외식빈도는 남자의 경우 주 3회 이상에서 비건강군이 56.5%로 건강군의 42.7%보다 유의적으로 높았으며, 간식빈도는 여자의 경우 건강군에 비하여 비건강군이 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05).식사의 구성을 조사한 결과 유의적인 차이를 보이지는 않았으나 비건강군이 건강군에 비하여 세 끼 식사의 구성이 불량하다고 답한 비율이 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 본 연구 결과를 통하여 건강의 이상 여부를 반영하는 임상증상의 빈도가 높은 청소년기 남녀 중학생의 경우 아침과 저녁의 결식빈도 및 외식과 간식의 빈도가 높았고, 아침식사의 질과 체형만족도가 낮은 것으로 나타나 청소년의 건강과 식습관 및 체형만족도가 상호 관련성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 성장기 청소년의 건강 유지를 위하여 바람직한 식습관의 중요성을 재인식할 수 있었으며, 올바른 식습관 확립을 위한 영양교육의 중요성이 재확인되었다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.368-380
• /
• 1990

A central issue in the development of nursing practice is to describe the phenomenon with which nursing is concerned. To identify the health problems which can be diagnosed and managed by the nurse is the first step to organize and ensure the development of nursing science. Therefore the academic world has been discussing the application of the nursing diagnosis in nursing practice as a means of improving quality of care. The objectives of this study were to develop a standardized nursing care plan for ten selected nursing diagnoses to form a database for computerized nursing service. The research approach used in the study was (1) the selection of the ten nursing diagnoses which occur most frequently on medical-surgical wards, (2) the development of a standardized nursing care plan for the ten selected nursing diagnoses, (3) application of the plan to hospitalize patients and evaluation of the content validity by the nurses, and (4) evaluation of the clinical effects after the use of the standardized nursing care plans. The subjects were 56 nurses and 395 hospitalized patients on two medical and two surgical unit. The results of this study were as follows ; 1) The ten selected nursing diagnoses for the development of the standardized nursing care plans were “PAIN, SLEEP DISTURBANCE, ALTERED HEALTH MAINTENANCE, ALTERATION IN NUTRITION, ANXIETY, CONSTIPATION, ALTERED PATTERNS OF URINARY ELIMINATION, DISTURBANCE IN BODY IMAGE, POTENTIAL FOR ACTIVITY INTOLERANCE AND ACTIVITY INTOLERANCE”. 2. The developed standardized nursing care plans included the nursing diagnosis, definition, defining characteristics, etiologic or related factors that contribute to the condition, recording pattern, desired outcomes and nursing orders (nursing interventions). 3. The plan was used with hospitalized patients on medical - surgical wards to test for content validity. The patient's satisfaction with the nursing care and nurses' job satisfaction were investigated to evaluate the clinical effects after the use of the standardized nursing care plans. A comparison of patient satisfaction with nursing care before and after the introduction of the standardized nursing care plans showed a statistically significant higher level of satisfaction with the standardized care plans. There was no difference in the level of job satisfaction expressed by the nursing staff before and after the standardized nursing care plans were introduced. However, when opinions about the use of the standardized nursing care plans were examined it was found that there was a positive effect on clarity in defining the nursing problems, determining nursing cost, more feasible goal setting, effective and systematic nursing records and indications for nursing research. The results of this study suggest that in order to increase the use of nursing diagnoses in the clinical area, it would be effective to select some wards as a pilot project, give the nurses training in the use of nursing diagnosis and develop and use the standardized nursing care plans. In addition to the ten diagnosis used in this study it is recommended that continual development of nursing diagnoses be done using diagnoses that are appropriate to Korea and testing them for validity through standardized care plans.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.289-295
• /
• 2022

Background Massive weight loss (MWL) is a very common presentation that you may face as a plastic surgeon. Each patient has his own individual criteria, so, you should work according to a well-organized plan, especially when such cases have concerns about their gluteal area contour that were neglected before by many surgeons. A decision-making strategy was used to give a personalized treatment for targeting gluteal region reshaping of MWL patients. Methods This study considered all patients with MWL subjected to buttock reshaping. There was no randomization in treatment; there was a case-by-case assessment. We analyzed the features of the buttocks, the type of surgery performed, the outcomes, and the complications. Results Fifty two patients were included (41 females and 11 males), ages ranged between 21 and 66 years. Demographic data, preoperative body mass index (BMI), duration of surgery, type of surgery, and postoperative complications were collected. Statistically significant improvements were observed in gluteal ptosis and patient satisfaction grades. Conclusion Aesthetic improvement of the buttocks involves either augmentation or contouring that may be obtained by liposculpture, surgical lifting, or combination. Patients with MWL have high expectations and are often treated with multiple procedures. Thus, an easy strategic approach personalized on each patient to treat multiple adjacent areas in one operation is necessary. Adipose tissue distribution, gluteal skin status, and BMI were the main factors that can forcefully affect our plan to guarantee reduction of unpleasant results and complications and improve patient satisfaction.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.25-36
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 다양한 연령층으로 확대되고 있는 패스트푸드의 섭취실태 등을 분석하여, 소비자들이 균형되고 올바른 식생활을 실천할 수 있는 영양프로그램 개발 및 교육을 위한 자료로 활용하고자 수행하였다. 패스트푸드 섭취빈도는 20대와 30대에서 높았으며, 연령에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다. 패스트푸드를 선택할 때 정보를 얻는 곳은 20대는 주로 친구와 인터넷이었으며, 30대 이상은 대중매체를 주로 이용하였다. 패스트푸드 섭취로 인한 가장 큰 식생활의 변화는 자극적인 음식을 좋아하게 되었고 외식의 빈도가 증가하였다. 패스트푸드를 젊은층은 맛이 있어서 선택하였으며, 중장년층은 시간의 영향을 받지 않아서 선택하였다. 패스트푸드를 섭취하였을 때 염려되는 것으로 30대는 주로 체중의 증가와 50대 이상은 건강에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 패스트푸드에서 개선되기를 바라는 것은 영양, 위생, 가격으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 패스트푸드 섭취빈도, 선택 및 만족도 등이 연령에 따라 유의적으로 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 전 연령층을 대상으로 하는 패스트푸드 섭취와 관련된 연구가 활성화되어 균형된 식생활을 실천할 수 있는 영양프로그램 개발 및 교육을 위한 기초자료의 확보가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
• /
• 제42권3호
• /
• pp.195-199
• /
• 2019

Most of the vascular procedures performed for various diagnoses and treatments of various abdominal intervention procedures performed by the Department of Radiology and Angiography are performed by puncture of the femoral artery. For this reason, patients should undergo blood-related tests such as prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplatin time (PTT). Therefore, many patients are instructed to take precautions such as putting a sandbag on the puncture site to prevent delayed hemorrhage after hemostasis of the femoral artery puncture site, and not to bend the leg of the treated area for about 3 hours. Because of this, many patients have complained of pain during the procedure and inconvenience during the absolute bed rest time in the ward. The purpose of this study was to compare the safety of balloon ancillary devices with sandbags placed on the hemostasis site to prevent delayed hemorrhage after arterial puncture. We compared the safety of each patient with the results of medical records in consideration of the problem that the patient could not press with the focus, the position of the patient was changed depending on the patient's body shape, and the problem of falling down according to the location of the puncture site. As a result, the use of a balloon type ancillary device improves the effect of continuous hemostasis, reduces discomfort during the patient's absolute stabilization time, increases the patient's satisfaction, and is a good alternative to the existing sandbag.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.476-481
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on skin temperature, pain, muscle tone, and ROM after applying the massage robot "PIRO-ZERO" to 6 men and 4 women in their 20s who complained of non-specific pain in the shoulder or back for more than 12 weeks. As a result of the study, there was a significant increase in skin temperature not only in the area where the massage was applied, but also on the opposite side and throughout the body due to increased blood flow. Pain in the upper trapezius, rhomboid, and erector spinae muscle was decreased, and muscle tone in the erector spinae muscles was significantly decreased. There was a significant increase in ROM of neck and trunk flexion, which is thought to be because the massage reduced muscle tone around the spine, increasing flexibility. In the future, as the safety and effectiveness of massage robots are further verified and the pressure, speed, and path become more diverse, satisfaction is expected to increase.

• 복식
• /
• 제51권5호
• /
• pp.157-173
• /
• 2001

In fashion, there are various cultural aspects that exist in complexity, where according to the era, even fashion items newly develop and prevail into various designs in the organic function with reality of related cultural phenomenon and aesthetic aim. Among the fashion items, the shoe is historically considered as the shield from lust and also the provision of praise against the most emotional incitement. Mankind has started wearing shoes out of the functional purpose of protection since the ancient Egyptian times. Thereafter humankind has been creating shoes artistically in respect to shape, color, and quality of material, etc, as an expression of aesthetical awareness and introspective desire for beauty. As modern fashion increasingly regards the total fashion image much more important than each items consisting the whole outfit, the role of shoe became essential more than ever. Contrary to its relative importance, little academic attention was given to this area yet, while prestigious museums and galleries in Europe and the USA have held exhibitions of shoes in view of both historical and artistic aspects. This study aims to make a historical inquiry of western shoes. through which their aesthetic values can be drawn. Literature on this subject including aesthetics, history of costume and arts were referred. Fashion magazines and catalogues were investigated for additional information. The process and results of this study are meant to be a suggestion not only to further studies but also to artistic and creative shoe design. Originated for the functional purpose, shoes have evolved in various shapes with different meanings attached to it. When the technological development made the satisfaction for functional needs possible, the intrinsic attribute, the aesthetic value was pursued. The historical contemplations of shoes from Egyptian times to the 1990's led to the results that the intrinsic aesthetic value of shoes can be summarized as follows: 1) protection and extension of body, 2) need for decoration, 3) erotic expression, 4) symbol of dignity and class, 5) fashion.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.336-345
• /
• 2019

This study evaluated the preference and wearing characteristics of existing fitness compression wear for elderly women and identified the problems and improvements of existing fitness apparel. Preference and wearing characteristics for 6 types (A-F) of upper and lower fitness compression wear were evaluated. Photos and drawings as well as the preferred designs and details were investigated after presenting the evaluation clothing. Evaluations were made on a 5 point Likert scale for the fitness, allowance, pressure, ease of movement, fabric material, and overall satisfaction after wearing. The design preference indicated that B type (26.6%) and C type (23.4%) were preferred in the top with C, E and F type preferred to the same ratio of 19.4% in the slacks. The fitness and allowance amount of the top B type were the most appropriate (${\geq}4$), the C type was in close contact (2.86), and the F type was inadequate in the neck circumference (1.77). The feeling of pressure was high in the waist, abdomen, thighs, and knees. The area where the elderly people want to improve their strength was the legs; in addition, a pattern design was needed to strengthen leg muscles when designing fitness compression wear. However, a design with excessive adhesion due to a muscle support band was shown to be not preferred. Therefore, depending on the activity, it is necessary to develop a fitness compression wear that applies an optimum stretching ratio of fabric based on body surface area changes.