• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.27 no.4 s.48
• /
• pp.747-761
• /
• 1994

Workers' periodic health examination is the main tools used to manage the health problems of most workers in Korea. The most common health problem found in workers' periodic health examination is liver disorder. Liver disorder is also one of the most common health problems in general population and one of the leading causes of mortality in adult population. Regulation proposed by government (No. 207, Ministry of Labor, 1992) defines the criteria for selection of workers with the liver dysfunction for further evaluative examination and the examination items used for diagnosis of the workers with liver dysfunction. This study was designed to evaluate the proficiency of each examination items presently defined in Regulation and propose the optimal examination items for detection of the liver disorders found by workers' periodic health examination. Study subjects are 186 workers with abnormal liver function tests in screening examination of workers' periodic health examination. Questionnaire survey including past history of liver disorder, drinking history, height and weight was done. Physical examination by physician, routine test items defined by Regulation (SGOT, SGPT, $\gamma$-GTP, protein, albumin, total and direct bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, $\alpha$-feto protein, HBsAg and anti-HBs), anti-HCV antibody test and liver ultrasonography were done. Results are as follows; 1. Result of evaluative examination utilizing only the items defined in Regulation was; There were 75 workers with suspected live. disorder(40.3%), 63 with no liver dysfunction (33.9%), 13 with suspected hepatitis B(7.0%), 10 workers with hepatitis B(5.4%), 10 workers with hepatitis B carrier state(5.4%), 10 with alcoholic liver disorders(5.4%), 5 with fatty liver(2.7%). When alternative diagnostic criteria applying additional examination items (drinking history, body mass index, anti-HCV antibody and ultrasonography) diagnosability of liver disorder was increased. When all four items were included, final results were; 23 workers (17.8%) with hepatitis B (10 carriers, 13 suspects and 10 hepatitis B), 10 (5.4%) with hepatitis C(4 carriers, 5 suspects and 1 hepatitis C), 13(7.0%) with alcoholic liver disorder, 45(24.2%) with fatty liver (40 suspects, 5 fatty liver), 410%) with suspected liver disorders and 44 (23.7%) with normal liver. 2. Of examination items defined by Regulation, only SGOT, SGPT, $\gamma$-GTP and HBsAg were significantly different in abnormal rate and mean value, and all other laboratory findings did not showed significant difference between two groups. Drinking history, body mass index and anti-HCV antibody test which are the items that authors included in this study, also showed significant difference between two groups. Utilization of body mass index (BMI) for abnormal liver function group in diagnosis of fatty liver had high specificity (97.6%) but sensitivity (22.3%) was low. Therefore we suggest that SGOT, SGPT, $\gamma$-GTP, HBsAg, alcohol drinking history, BMI and anti-HCV Ab were useful for diagnosis of liver disorders among worker's periodic health examination.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.226-232
• /
• 2019

This study was aimed to reveal that the usual cold or heat state was associated with hypertension and could be a risk. We emailed educational personnel in D university to join this study and 182 subjects participated in from March to December in 2016. The usual cold or heat diagnosis was conducted by two experts who had over 10 years expertise. The blood pressure was measured from the subjected after 10 minute rest with Jawon medical device. The hypertension was diagnosed by the guide of the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The frequency analysis was used in general characteristics, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient analysis was conducted in among continuous variables, and chi-square test was also used between hypertension and cold or heat group. Logistic regression was analyzed to generate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for hypertension. The cold score was suggested to have negative association with Body mass Index (BMI, -.374, p<.001), systolic blood pressure (-.333, p<.001), and diastolic pressure (-.261, p<.001). The heat score was analyzed to have positive association with Body mass Index (.413, p<.001), systolic blood pressure (.249, p<.001), and diastolic pressure (.156, p<.001). The distribution of the cold group (35.1%) and non-cold group (64.9%) in hypertension was significantly different (p=0.18). The distribution of the heat group (62.2%) and non-heat group (37.8%) was significantly different (p=0.27). The usual cold was associated with decreased ORs (ORs 0.405, 95% CI=0.191-0.857), and usual heat was associated with increased ORs (ORs 2.327, 95% CI=1.108-4.888). However, after adjusting body mass index, sex, and smoking, the association was not significantly different. It is possible that usual cold or heat associate with hypertension. Further study is needed to show that usual heat may be a independent risk factor for hypertension through follow up design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.155-165
• /
• 1999

The issue of health and nutritional wellbeing becomes one of the utmost concerns for the welfare of the elderly in a society of increased aging populations. This study was conducted to assess nutritional state and to identify possible dietary factors that might influence health and nutritional state of the free living elderly women. Two hundred sixty two elderly women, aged 60-90 who are actively participating in a continuing education program for the elderly in Seoul area, were interviewed using a dietary habit questionnaire and a 24-hour recall. Anthropometric measurements such as heights, weights, body mass index, and tricep skinfolds and dental status were significantly different between the two age groups, <75 and ${\geq}$ 75 years of age. Sixty eight percent of the subjects were using nutritional supplements regularly, in the descending order of vitamin-mineral supplements(40%), botanicals(27.6%), tonic drinks(16%), and health foods(13.2%). For hot beverages, our study subjects drank coffee (33.6%) and green tea (17.9%) frequently, followed by doongulae, job's tears, citron and kyulmyung tea. With regard to micronutrients, vitamin C intake was found to be lower in the group aged over 75 compared to that below 75 (p<0.05). Calcium intake was significantly higher among the elderly with good dental status followed by the groups with gingivitis, denture, and missed teeth with poor chewing abilities (p<0.05). The amount of personal spending money was found to be a significant contributing factor (p<0.05) to the energy and nutrient intake in an individual. The results of the present study can be applied to the identification of the possible factors that might intervene the aging process, to the planning of the nutrition education program, and to the development of health food products for the promotion of health and nutrition of the elderly women.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.957-969
• /
• 1988

There is tendency of increasing number and decreasing age of patients who are indicated for Rastelli operation for their cyanotic congenita heart disease. So there is the need to find the creiterion which saves the patients from early postoperative hemodynamic disturbances. We reviewed the 26 patients who had been performed Rastelli operation at Seoul national University hOipital from January 1981 to June 1988. mean age of the patients was 7.8 $\pm$ 3.4 years (range 2.5-1.5 years), mean body surface area(BSA) 0.79 $\pm$ 0.25 $m^{2}$(range 0.49-1.51 $m^{2}$) and mean hematocrit 57.95 $\pm$ 12%(range 48-80%). We diveded these patients into survived group and died group before postoperative 72 hours, and analysed preoperative arterial oxygen saturation($SaO_{2}$), the ratio of diameter of fight pulmonary artery to ascending aorta(RA:/AA), the ratio of both right and left pulmonary artery diameter to descending thoracic aorta(RPA+LPA/DTA), pulmonary artery index(PA index), cardiopulmonary bypass time, aorta cross-clamping time, postoperative perfusion state and total amount of dopamine infused postoperatively. The results showed that RPA+LPA/DTA and PA index were statistically significatn factors to influence early postoperative cardiac death rate (P<0.05). Especially there were good linear correlations between PA index(X) and perpheral perfusion index(Y)(Y = -1.15 + 0.02 X, r = 0.86, P<0.01) and between PA index(X) and total amount of dopamine infused before postoperative 72 hours(mg/kg, Y)(Y = 61.94 - 0.15 X, r = - 0.80, P<0.01). Also there were tendencies that the higher RPA + LPA/DTA(Y), the betterperipheral perfusion (X) and the lower need of dopamine(X), but no statistical significance. (Y = 0.78 + 1.60 X, r = 0.49, P>0.05) And the discrimant analysis showed that patients with PA index over 221 $mm^{2}$/BSA could undergo correction with 25 per cent of error rate. In conclusion, early postoperative hemodynamic states could be predicted by preoperatively measured PA index, and which can be used as a criterion for Rastelli operation performed on cyanotic congenital heart disease.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.226-232
• /
• 1982

The measurements of the jerking force and the tail beat by hooked carp were carried out using a strain gauge at a fish pond from July to August 1981. The maximum jerking force was sustained for a while in the initial state after a carp was hooked, but the jerking force was gradually decreased as a function of the time elapsed until the fish was utterly exhausted, and it converged to the body weight at last. The results are as follows : 1. The maximum jerking force $F_m(g)$ can be expressed with empirical formula : $$F_m=3.23W+105$$ where W (g) is the body weight. 2. Dynamic change of the maximum jerking force $F_n(g)$ by one tail beat with time $t_{n}(-10T/2{\leq}\;t_n{\leq}10T/2)$ can he induced with the equation as follows : $$F_n=(0.27W-6.52)(|t_n|+C)^{-2.10}$$ where the period T (sec) is given by the following equation with the body weight : T=0.000385W+0.193 3. The jerking force at each of the peak points $F_p$ (g) varies with the time elapsed t (sec) as following equation : $$F_{p}=(2.23W+105)e^{-{\beta}t}+W$$. The value of durability index $\beta$ was nearly zero in the initial state and about 1.7 in the exhausted state at last. 4. It was clearly shown that the change of jerking force by hooked carp was closely related to the tail beat from a paired difference T-test.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.105-113
• /
• 2019

Purpose: An unresolved inflammatory state contributes to the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of lipoxin A4 (LXA4), a proresolving lipid mediator, in the association between periodontal disease and MetS. Methods: Sixty-seven patients with MetS and 65 patients without MetS were included in the study. Sociodemographic information was obtained via a questionnaire, and detailed medical diagnoses were made. Periodontal parameters (plaque index [PI], gingival index [GI], probing pocket depth [PD], and clinical attachment level [CAL]) and metabolic parameters were measured, and serum LXA4 levels were determined. The associations among MetS, periodontal parameters, and serum LX levels were evaluated by adjusted multivariate linear regression analyses. Results: Patients with MetS were older and had a higher body mass index than patients without MetS. Periodontal parameters (PI, GI, PD, and CAL) were higher in patients with MetS than in those without MetS. Serum LXA4 levels were higher in patients without MetS. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated a positive association between MetS and periodontal parameters (PD and CAL). Negative associations were established between MetS and LXA4 levels, and between LXA4 and periodontal parameters (PI, PD, and CAL). Conclusions: The presence of higher values of periodontal parameters in patients with MetS and the negative relationship of LXA4 with MetS and periodontal disease may support the protective role of proresolving lipid mediators in the association between periodontal disease and MetS.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 1970

A survey was conducted on 2,321 Chung Rhang Middle School boys to check out their physical growth, development and the number of parasite carriers during the period from June 16. to June 23. 1970 As the results of this study, the following conclusions were revealed. A) Physical Growth and Development State. 1. Direct curve in physical growth and development was observed during the period from 13 to 16 years of age. 2. The age and quantity of maximum growth and development. Height; 13~14 years of age 6.1cm Body weight; 14~15 years of age 5.1kg Chest circumference; 13~14 years of age 9.9cm Sitting height; 14~15 years of age 3.4cm 3. Comparison with Japanese students Most Korean students are shorter than Japanese students, though the standard of height became higher than before. The standard of body weight is visibly lower than Japanese students. The standard of chest circumference of the students of age 14 is higher than counter part of Japanese students and the all boys are lower than Japanese students except at the age of 14. The standard of the sitting heights of the Korean students are growing steadily, but every students are shorter than Japanese students. 4. The greatest differences in physical growth and development were shown in 13~14 years of age. 5. The students of 13~15 years of age developed their bodies most highly according to index of Rohrer. 6. Body weight and chest circumference have not grown enough compared with height. The development of sitting height was made highly and the development is steadily growing as they grow old. B. The Number of Parasite Carriers The number of parasite carriers was shown 79.4 per cent among all the student checked out. The number of trichuris was shown 79.7 per cent. The number of parasite carriers was shown higher per cent as the grow old.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.170-179
• /
• 2023

Starvation, diabetes, alcoholism and hypothermia cause ketoacidosis in the human body; therefore, the cause of death can be determined by analyzing ketone bodies in the blood of the deceased. In the case of decomposition of the cadaver, however, since collecting intact blood is impossible, ketone body analysis is performed using the spleen. However, the index for diagnosing ketoacidosis is based on blood concentration, and its correlation with ketone bodies present in the spleen remains unknown. In particular, since decomposition proceeds rapidly during summer, when temperature and humidity are high, understanding the correlation between ketone bodies in the blood and spleen is important to estimate the state at the time of death from a decaying body. Therefore, in the present study, the correlation between ketone bodies in the blood and spleen of the deceased was explored. Ketone bodies (beta-hydroxybutyric acid [BHB] and acetone) in the blood and spleen were analyzed and compared from autopsies (>100 mg·L^-1 BHB, blood basis) conducted at the Daejeon Forensic Research Institute from June to December 2021. Moreover, the concentration of ketone bodies in the spleen juice and tissues was compared assuming the scenario of extreme decomposition. Ketone retention concentration in the blood and spleen was positively correlated, and the ratio of BHB concentration in the spleen to BHB concentration in the blood ranged from 0.52 to 1.08 (mean = 0.85 ± 0.12), although the ratio may vary depending on the degree of decomposition of the corpse.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.49-53
• /
• 1998

The winter-resident Korean bats, Murina leucogaster ognevi, show a circadian cycle of thermoregulation and locomotion in summer, as do other bat species in temperate regions. They are most active between dusk and dawn with body temperature (Tb) of 35-4OC, and are usually torpid in their roost sites for the rest of day with their Tb close to ambient temperature (Ta) of around 15C. The present study was conducted to determine thermogenic and thermolabile properties of the heterothermic bats that would influence their daily feeding activities and ultimately, their energy conservation strategy. Testing on active male Murina, resting metabolic rate (RMR, gauged by oxygen consumption rate) at the lower limit of thermoneutral zone (31C) was 2.0 L kq-1 h-1. The regression slope of RMR below the thermoneutral zone (an index of metabolic thermal sensitivity) was -0.38 L $kg^{-l} h^{-1} C^{-1}$. The metabolic rate at the roost Ta (15C) was 4.5 times the lowest RMR in the active state but becomes nearly zero in the torpid state. This implies that by being torpid during daytime (between dawn and dusk), the individual bats would save about 4.7 kcal each day in mid-summer. Interspecific comparisons of thermal metabolic response over a mass scale suggest that the smaller bats show a relatively higher metabolic rate in thermoneutral zone and a greater thermal sensitivity of metabolism, which follows the general principle seen in homeothermic metabolism. Thermolabile features in metabolic responses seem to be fairly common for these bats in conditions other than a fully active state. Types of thermolabile responses and their energetic significance are discussed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.538-544
• /
• 1998

One hundred and twenty-eight finishing pigs (51.3 kg average initial body weight) were used to determine the effects of adding cellulase enzymes and lactobacillus acidophilus to sorghum-based diets on growth performance, carcass merit, and nutrient digestibility in finishing pigs. Treatments were: 1) corn-soybean meal-based positive control; 2) sorghum-soybean meal-based negative control; 3) Diet 2 with celluloytic enzymes; and 4) Diet 2 with a bacterial feed additive (lactobacillus acidophilus). There was a trend for greater average daily gain (ADG) in pigs fed com versus the sorghum treatments for day 0 to 28 (p < .09), but there was no effect of treatment (p > .15) on overall ADG (i.e., day 0 to 63). Feed consumption was not affected by treatment during the experiment (p > .19). Pigs fed the corn-soybean meal-based diet had 3.5% greater overall gain/feed than pigs fed the other diets (p < .009). Dressing percentage was not affected by treatment (p > .22), but there was a trend for backfat thickness at the last rib to be greater for pigs fed com versus the sorghum treatments (p < .09). Pigs fed the sorghum treatments had 1 % greater fat free lean index (p < .10) compared to pigs fed the corn-soybean meal-based positive control. Pigs fed com had greater apparent digestibilities of DM, N, and GE than pigs fed the sorghum treatments (p < .03), and greater DE intake (p < .07) suggesting that the increased carcass fatness for pigs fed the corn-based control diet resulted from greater energy status of those pigs. In conclusion, pigs fed the corn-soybean meal-based control diet had no improved growth performance but tended to be fatter than pigs fed sorghum. Adding cellulolytic enzymes or a bacterial feed additive to diets for finishing pigs did not affect growth performance, carcass merit, or nutrient utilization.