• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.697-702
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a protein-free, standardized dialysate/ultrafiltrate (HD) derivatives from calf blood (Solcoseryl$^{(R)}$) for second-intention full-thickness skin wound healing in dogs. Three $2{\times}2cm$ area-matched full-thickness skin wounds were created bilaterally on the dorsolateral aspect of the trunk of nine dogs. In each dog, two wounds were treated with HD, cemella asiatica extract (Centrasol$^{(R)}$) and normal saline, respectively. For six weeks, the wounds were evaluated grossly for contraction, epithelialization and healing and were examined histopathologically. In the first week of the wound healing period, HD stimulated wound contraction and healing more significantly than centasol and normal saline (p<0.05). Neutrophils were more increased in the HD-treated wounds than those in centasol or normal saline treated wounds. In the second week, HD stimulated epithelialization more significantly than centasol or normal saline (p<0.05), and neovascularization and granulation more increased in the HD-treated wounds than those in centasol and normal saline treated wounds. In conclusion, HD was the most effective on early wound contraction, epithelialization and healings among three experimental drugs in full-thickness skin wound.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.1651-1658
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• 2008

This study was to decided the proper garment pressure level on the human body parts. Six volunteers (female: 30-40years) put on the same types of bands, a brief, and a non-woven gown. Garment pressure was measured in regular order with the elastic band on the human body parts such as the upper arm, the waist, the thigh, and the calf. At the same time, physiological responses such as the skin blood flow rate on 2 fingers, 7 different skin temperatures, rectal temperature, heat rates, and subjective responses about the pressure sensation, thermal sensation, and humidity sensation were measured and inquired. The results were as follows; 1. The thicker subcutaneous fat thickness, the higher the mean garment pressure on pressurizing the upper arm(p<.001). Also the thicker subcutaneous fat thickness. the thicker the upper arm circumference. 2. Heart rates increased pressured the upper arm and decreased pressured the waist, the thigh, and the calf. The higher the garment pressure, the higher heart rates on all body parts were pressured. Especially lean subjects showed higher physiological load than others. 3. On pressurizing the upper arm, heart rates, rectal temperature, and mean skin temperature were higher than without pressured state and pressured other body parts.4. The proper garment pressure levels were decided 30gf/$cm^2$ for fat people, 20gf/$cm^2$ for others on the upper arms and 24gf/$cm^2$ on the calf.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the health status of elderly. Subjects were 132 older people who live in home and institution located Taejon metropolitan city. Data were collected from May 1997 to April 1998. To obtain data about health status of elderly. pulse, respiration, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. grip strength. pinch pressure. flexibility, arm circumference. triceps skin fold thickness were measured. Data were analyzed for frequency. percentage. t-test using SPSS pc+ program. The results were as follows: 1. $74.4\%$ of subjects was perceived as 'good' in their health status. 2. Mean pulse, mean respiration, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were with in normal limits. There were no statistical differences between men and women in pulse, respiration, systolic and diastolic pressure. 3. Left and right grip strength were 24.89 psi and 25.23psi. The grip strength in men was higher than that of women. It showed statistically difference between men and women in grip strength. 4. Left and right pinch pressure were 7 pound and 7.32 pound. There was statistically difference of pinch pressure between men and women. 5. left flexibility was better than right flexibility of subjects. There was no statistically significant difference between men and women in flexibility. 6. Arm circumference was 24.96cm and there was no statistically significant difference between men and women. 7. Mean skin fold thickness was 12.83 em. Skin fold thickness in men was lower than that of women. It showed statistically difference between men and women. From these results, further study should be considered gender differences in health status of elders and carried in larger sample than this study.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1247-1247
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• 2001

Constituents of animal biofluids such as milk, blood and urine contain information specifically related to metabolic and health status of the ruminant animals. Some changes in composition of biofluids can be attributed to disease response of the animals. Mastitis is a major problem for the global dairy industry and causes substantial economic losses from decreasing milk production and reducing milk quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential of NIRS combined with multivariate analysis for cow's mastitis diagnosis based on NIR spectra of milk, blood and urine. A total of 112 bulk milk, urine and blood samples from 4 Holstein cows were analyzed. The milk samples were collected from morning milking. The urine samples were collected before morning milking and stored at -35$^{\circ}C$ until spectral analysis. The blood samples were collected before morning milking using a catheter inserted into the carotid vein. Heparin was added to blood samples to prevent coagulation. All milk samples were analyzed for somatic cell count (SCC). The SCC content in milk was used as indicator of mastitis and as quantitative parameter for respective urine and blood samples collected at same time. NIR spectra of blood and milk samples were obtained by InfraAlyzer 500 spectrophotometer, using a transflectance mode. NIR spectra of urine samples were obtained by NIR System 6500 spectrophotometer, using 1 mm sample thickness. All samples were divided into calibration set and test set. Class variable was assigned for each sample as follow: healthy (class 1) and mastitic (class 2), based on milk SCC content. SIMCA was implemented to create models of the respective classes based on NIR spectra of milk, blood or urine. For the calibration set of samples, SIMCA models (model for samples from healthy cows and model for samples from mastitic cows), correctly classified from 97.33 to 98.67% of milk samples, from 97.33 to 98.61% of urine samples and from 96.00 to 94.67% of blood samples. From samples in the test set, the percent of correctly classified samples varied from 70.27 to 89.19, depending mainly on spectral data pretreatment. The best results for all data sets were obtained when first derivative spectral data pretreatment was used. The incorrect classified samples were 5 from milk samples,5 and 4 from urine and blood samples, respectively. The analysis of changes in the loading of first PC factor for group of samples from healthy cows and group of samples from mastitic cows showed, that separation between classes was indirect and based on influence of mastitis on the milk, blood and urine components. Results from the present investigation showed that the changes that occur when a cow gets mastitis influence her milk, urine and blood spectra in a specific way. SIMCA allowed extraction of available spectral information from the milk, urine and blood spectra connected with mastitis. The obtained results could be used for development of a new method for mastitis detection.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.310-315
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• 2007

The axial-flow type blood pump(XVAD) which has been developed in our group consists of mechanical parts (an impeller, a diffuser and a flow straightener) and electrical parts (a motor and a magnetic bearing). The magnetic bearing system fully levitates the impeller to remove mechanical coupling with other parts of the pump with constant gap, which needs non-contact type gap sensing. Conventional gap sensors are too large to be adopted to the implantable axial -flow type blood pump. Thus, in this paper, the compact eddy current type gap sensor system proper for the implantable axial-flow type blood pump was developed and its performance was evaluated in vitro. The developed eddy current type gap sensor system is a transformer type and has a differential probe. Sensor coil(probe) has small dimensions(6 mm diameter, 2 mm thickness) and its optimal inductance was determined as 0.068 mH for the measurement range of $0\sim3mm$. It could be manufactured with 130 turns of the 0.04 mm diameter copper coil. The characteristics of the developed eddy current type gap sensor system was evaluated by in vitro experiment. At experiment, it showed satis(actory performance to apply to the magnetic bearing system of the XVAD. It could measure the gap up to 3mm, but the linearity was decreased at the range of $1.8\sim3.0mm$. Moreover, it showed no difference in different media such as the water and the blood at the temperature range of $35\sim40^{\circ}C$.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.669-676
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• 2013

In this study, we introduce a polymer(polyimide) based pressure sensor to measure real-time heart beat and blood pressure. The sensor have been designed with consideration of skin compatibility of material, cost effectiveness, manufacturability and wireless detection. The designed sensor was composed of inductor coils and an air-gap capacitor which generate self-resonant frequency when electrical source is applied on the system. The sensor was obtained with metalization, etching, photolithography, polymer adhesive bonding and laser cutting. The fabricated sensor was shaped in circular type with 10mm diameter and 0.45 mm thickness to fit radial artery. Resonant frequencies of the fabricated sensors were in the range of 91~96 MHz on 760 mmHg pressurized environment. Also the sensor has good linearity without any pressure-frequency hysteresis. Sensitivity of the sensor was 145.5 kHz/mmHg and accuracy was less than 2 mmHg. Real-time heart beat measurement was executed with a developed hand-held measurement system. Possibility of real-time blood pressure measurement was showed with simulated artery system. After installation of the sensor on skin above radial artery, simple real blood pressure measurement was performed with 64 mmHg blood pressure variation.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.154-162
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• 2019

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary energy and crude protein (CP) levels on reproductive performance, litter performance, milk quality, and blood profiles in gestating sows. A total of 59 multiparous sows (Yorkshire ${\times}$ Landrace) with similar body weights (BW), backfat thickness (BF), and parity were assigned to one of six treatments with 9 or 10 sows per treatment using a $2{\times}3$ factorial arrangement and completely randomized design. The first factor was two levels of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) density (13.40 or 13.82 MJ/kg) and the second factor was three dietary protein levels based from 35 day in gestating phases (10.5%, 12%, and 13.5%). Backfat thickness change in lactating sows decreased linearly as CP level increased (p = 0.03). Increased energy level in the gestating sow diet tended to increase the total number of piglets born (p = 0.07), but piglet weight decreased (p = 0.02). Dietary CP level had a negative effect on colostrum quality. Casein, protein, total solid, and solids-not-fat concentrations decreased linearly and lactose level increased linearly as CP level in the gestating sow diet increased (casein%: p = 0.03; protein%: p = 0.04; lactose%: p = 0.06; total solids: p = 0.03; solid-not-fat: p = 0.03, respectively). However, improving ME by 0.42 MJ/kg had no significant effect on the chemical composition of sow colostrum. There were no significant differences in blood glucose concentration in gestating sows when sows were fed different levels of energy during gestation, but blood glucose increased at 21 day of lactation when energy increased by 0.42 MJ/kg (p = 0.04). Blood urea nitrogen concentration increased linearly when dietary CP levels increased at 110 day in gestation, 24-hours postpartum, and 21 days of lactation (linear, p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.05, respectively), and it also increased when dietary energy increased at 110 days of gestation and 24-hours postpartum (p < 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively). A gestating sow diet containing 13.82 MJ/kg ME and 10.5% CP can improve reproductive performance, litter performance, and colostrum quality.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2022

Objective : Nontraumatic subdural hematoma (SDH) is a common disease, and spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a possible etiology of unknown significance, which is commonly investigated by several invasive studies. This study demonstrates that heavily T2-weighted magnetic resonance myelography (HT2W-MRM) is a safe and clinically effective imaging modality for detecting CSF leakage in patients with nontraumatic SDH. Methods : All patients who underwent HT2W-MRM for nontraumatic SDH workup at our institution were searched and enrolled in this study. Several parameters were measured and analyzed, including patient demographic data, initial modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score upon presentation, SDH bilaterality, hematoma thickness upon presentation, CSF leakage sites, treatment modalities, follow-up hematoma thickness, and follow-up mRS score. Results : Forty patients were identified, of which 22 (55.0%) had CSF leakage at various spinal locations. Five patients (12.5%) showed no change in mRS score, whereas the remaining (87.5%) showed decreases in follow-up mRS scores. In terms of the overall hematoma thickness, four patients (10.0%) showed increased thickness, two (5.0%) showed no change, 32 (80.0%) showed decreased thickness, and two (5.0%) did not undergo follow-up imaging for hematoma thickness measurement. Conclusion : HT2W-MRM is not only safe but also clinically effective as a primary diagnostic imaging modality to investigate CSF leakage in patients with nontraumatic SDH. Moreover, this study suggests that CSF leakage is a common etiology for nontraumatic SDH, which warrants changes in the diagnosis and treatment strategies.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.182-193
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• 1999

SAMP6의 성별 및 가령에 따른 생물학적인 특성을 알아보기 위하여 3, 5, 18개월령의 SAMP6 암컷, 수컷의 체중, 장기중량, 혈액학적 및 혈액생화학적 수치, 골의 무게, 비중, 두께 및 골의 화학적 분석을 위해 인과 칼슘을 측정하였다. 1. 체중은 수컷에서 7개월령부터 감소를 나타내었으나, 암컷은 18개월령부터 체중이 감소되기 시작했다. 장기중량을 보면, 간, 신장, 폐의 중량은 수컷이 암컷보다 무거웠으며, 흉선은 암컷이 수컷보다 무겁게 나타났다. 2. 혈액학적 및 혈액생화학적 검사결과 백혈구수가 수컷이 암컷보다 높게 나타났으며, 적혈구수는 암컷이 높게 나타났다. GOT는 5, 7개월령에, BUN은 전체개월령에서 수컷이 암컷보다 높게 나타났다. alkaline phosphatase 활성은 3개월령과 비교하여, 전체 개월령에서 유의성있는 감소가 관찰되었다. 3. 골두께를 측정한 결과 대퇴골에서 암수 모두 7개월령 부터 골두께의 급격한 감소가 나타났다. Cortical thickness index를 측정한 결과 대퇴골에서 암수 모두 5개월령에서 최고치에 다다랐으며, 이후 계속 감소하였다. 4. 골의 칼슘량을 정한 결과, 대퇴골에서 암수 모두 5개월령에 칼슘량이 최고치에 달했으며, 이후 계속 감소하였고, 인량은 수컷에서 5개월령, 암컷에서는 7개월령에 최고치에 달하였고, 이후 계속 감소하였다. 결론적으로 본 실험에서 사용한 골다공증 모델동물인 SAMP6의 특성발현은 5개월 이후 동물에서 나타나고 있으며 따라서 이들 동물을 골다공증 약물 개발을 위한 약효검색에 이용할 때에는 5개월령 이후 7개월령의 동물을 사용하는 것이 바람직하며 본 실험에서 유의성 있는 특성발현이 나타난 골 두께 및 골의 칼슘과 인량, alkaline phosphatase 활성 측정등을 약효 검색에 사용할 수 있을것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.355-359
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to compare the level of blood glucose and lactate and also plasma LDH production of college women in relation to exercise. College female student which majored athletics (E, exercise group, n=43) were recruited and compared with college women (Control group, n=60). Anthropometric measurements, triceps skinfold thickness were measured of two groups. And body fat mass and waist and hip circumferences were measured and the concentrations of plasma glucose, lactic acid and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) were also assayed. Average height and weight of E group were slightly higher than that of control group. but there is no difference in body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) between two groups. The percentage of body fat and body fat mass(kg) in E group was slightly lower than that of control group. Plasma glucose and LDH levels of E group were higher than those of control group, and plasma lactic acid concentration was significantly increased.