• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.148-160
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• 2009

Purpose: We intended to observe the correlations between Primary dysmenorrhea severity and Questionnaires for Blood Stasis Pattern. Methods: After initial approval by Kyung-Hee University Oriental Medical Hospital Institutional Review Board of Clinical Trials, volunteers for the clinical trial were recruited. We selected the 52 primary dysmenorrhea patients by the screening tests (clinical examination and inquiry). The severity of dysmenorrhea was evaluated by VAS (Visual Analog Scale), VRS (Verbal Rating Scale) & MVRS (Multidimensional Verbal Rating Scale). The severity of Blood Stasis was evaluated by Questionnaires for Blood Stasis Pattern. For statistics, we used Spearman's rho correlations, SPSS 13.0 for windows. Results: In case of VAS, though two items (眼瞼下靑紫, 便黑) of Questionnaires for Blood Stasis Pattern were correlated, total score & discriminant function score of Questionnaires for Blood Stasis Pattern were not correlated. In case of VRS, though two items (小腹痛, 夜間痛) of Questionnaires for Blood Stasis Pattern were correlated, total score & discriminant function score of Questionnaires for Blood Stasis Pattern were not correlated. In case of MVRS, though one items (久痺症) of Questionnaires for Blood Stasis Pattern were correlated, total score & discriminant function score of Questionnaires for Blood Stasis Pattern were not correlated. Conclusion: Though the results showed partial correlation of Primary dysmenorrhea severity and Questionnaires for Blood Stasis Pattern, we need further study after improvement and complementation of Questionnaires for Blood Stasis Pattern.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2013

Objectives : This article is a study on to which categories of modern diseases blood stasis patterns are assigned and the meaning of blood stasis interpreted with perspectives of Korean Medicine and modern medicine. Methods : We reviewed "Neijing", "Shanghanlun", "Yilingaicuo", "Xuezhenglun" and other books and modern clinical papers related with blood stasis. Results : 1. Blood stasis patterns are related with disorders of hemorrheology, hemodynamics, platelet function, microcirculation, microelements and endothelial damage. 2. From the types of syndrome differentiation, diverse diseases classified in type of qi deficiency with blood stasis and type of blood stasis due to qi stagnation are reported, which reflects qi and blood are closely connected. And many diseases are classified in type of kidney deficiency with blood stasis, which has something in common with chronic diseases can achieve effect from treatment considering blood stasis. 3. Diseases related with kidney involve menopausal disorder, mazoplasia, prostatitis, erectile dysfunction, chronic nephritis, renal calculus, osteoporosis and bursitis. Diseases related with heart involve coronary artery disease, arrhythmia and cerebral thrombosis. Diseases related with spleen involve gastritis, colonitis and digestive organ ulcer. Diseases related with liver involve hepatitis, hyperthyroidism and stroke. Diseases related with lung involve neurodermatitis, bronchitis and paranasal sinusitis. Conclusions : Blood stasis pattern which is one of the areas to draw medicine's attention has broad clinical application.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.141-152
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• 2006

Background and Objectives: The diagnosis of flood stasis pattern is one of the most important methods in oriental medicine. The aim of this study is to Develop clinically useful questionaire of Blood stasis(瘀血) and quantitative analysis. Methods: The questionnaire including symptoms and signs for diagnosis of Blood stasis pattern is studied by delphi method and statistical analysis. Result: By the delphi method and statistical analysis, 14 Items of questionnaries are choosen. Conclusion: Further research is necessary for improvement reliabilities and validities of the questionnaires of Blood stasis pattern.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.84-97
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• 2005

Background and and purpose : The aim of this study is to define the concept and to arrange symptoms of Blood stasis(瘀血) by review of other thesises, literatures connected with it and reserch trend, in order to making a questionnaire of Blood stasis(瘀血) Methods: By review of other thesises and literatures connected with it, we defined the concept and arranged. symptoms of Blood stasis(瘀血). Results: The concept of Blood stasis(瘀血) is summarized as stasis of blood, pollutant of blood and external blood of vessel. The causes and Symptoms of blood stasis is arranged. Conclusion: Review of literatures led to the selection of 48 items describing blood stasis pattern(瘀血證)

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to compare the representative differential diagnosis methods of blood stasis pattern used in Korea, China and Japan, and then to characterize each diagnostic method. Methods Through the journal databases, we have selected representative tools that were developed for differential diagnosis of blood stasis pattern in Korea, China and Japan. In order to characterize the selected check-lists or questionnaires, we investigated the number of items, contents, score calculation method, internal consistency, and accuracy of each selected tool. Results A total of four diagnostic tools were finally selected; quantitative diagnosis scale of blood stasis syndrome (QDSBSS), diagnostic criteria for blood stasis (DCBS), blood stasis questionnaire (BSQ), and blood stasis syndrome questionnaire (BSSQ). The key points in the differential diagnosis for blood stasis were different for each of the diagnostic tool. The key point was oral mucosa (including tongue) status in the QDSBSS. Meanwhile it was abdominal pain/resistance in the DCBS, and general pain in the BSQ. Accuracy of the QDSBSS, the BSQ and the BSSQ were powerful but all of them was not generalized. Conclusions Therefore, it is desirable to select and apply a plurality of appropriate tools according to the characteristics of the blood stasis patients.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.49-55
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was 1) to investigate the possibility of taking blood stasis pattern as a clinical parameter of frozen shoulder, using blood stasis pattern questionnaire (BSPQ) to frozen shoulder group comparing with normal group, and 2) to find out the relationship of the severity of main frozen shoulder symptoms (pain and limited range of motion of shoulder) and the level of blood stasis pattern through BSPQ analysis. Methods : During the period of January 2010 to July 2010, fifty five frozen shoulder patients who visited outpatient clinic of department of acupuncture and moxibustion in East-West Neo Medical Center, Kyung Hee University and fifty five normal people without shoulder pain nor limited ROM in shoulder joint were evaluated through BSPQ, and to the frozen shoulder group, also evaluated three different visual analogue scales (VAS) of pain (pain on average, pain at night, and pain on motion) and active / passive range of motion (ROM) of shoulder joint. Results : Mean blood stasis pattern score of frozen shoulder patients group was significantly higher than the score of normal group (patients vs normal group : $4.85{\pm}1.68$ vs $3.49{\pm}1.54$). Three different types of pain VAS (on average, at night and on motion) showed low to very low positive correlation with BSPQ scores when analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient. ROM levels in shoulder joint were not significantly related to BSPQ scores, though active external rotation range showed low positive correlation with BSPQ scores. Conclusions : Patients with frozen shoulder showed higher blood stasis pattern score in BSPQ but the level of blood stasis pattern is not significantly related to the severity of pain or limitation of ROM in shoulder joint.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.130-145
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to know stress and blood stasis pattern for the patients who had hysterectomy related with uterine myoma, adenomyosis, endometriosis. Methods: We got questionnaires from 55 patients among 243 patients who had hysterectomy related with uterine myoma, adenomyosis, endometriosis in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, OO medical center from April 11th 2010 to October 14th 2010, and analyzed them. We conducted correlation analysis between age, pain(VAS), duration of pain and blood stasis score, and between duration of pain, blood stasis score and the sum of Stress Response Index. We compared the sum of Stress Response Index, blood stasis score, VAS according to the result of pathology. For statistics, we used Pearson's correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney test, oneway analysis of variances(ANOVA) and SPSS version 17.0 for windows. Results: The correlation between duration of pain and blood stasis score showed statistical significance. The correlation between sum of the Stress Response Index and blood stasis score showed statistical significance. There is no statistically correlation between age, VAS, duration of the pain and blood stasis score. There is no statistically significant difference in sum of Stress Response Index, blood stasis score, VAS according to the result of pathology. Conclusion: The result showed that Stress is related with static blood, and the longer patients suffer from pain, the easier patients' blood to be static. Further study will be needed.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.132-143
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to know the correlation of transvaginal sonography findings, CA-125 and blood stasis pattern for 15 adenomyosis patients. Methods: We got questionnaires from 15 patients among 243 patients who had hysterectomy related with adenomyosis in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, OO medical center from April 11th 2010 to November 15th 2010, and analyzed them. We conducted correlation analysis between age, pain(VAS), duration of pain and blood stasis score, and between difference and sum of uterine walls, CA-125 and blood stasis score. For statistics, we used Spearman correlation coefficient and SPSS version 17.0 for windows. Results: The correlation between sum of uterine walls and CA-125 showed statistical significance. The correlation between CA-125 and blood stasis score showed statistical significance. There is no statistically correlation between age, VAS, duration of the pain and blood stasis score. There is no statistically correlation between difference of uterine walls and CA-125, and between difference and sum of uterine walls and blood stasis score. Conclusion: The result showed that sum of uterine walls is related with CA-125. We need a further study to develop blood stasis indicators with a validated questionnaire, and more subjects involved at multiple institutions.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.122-134
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to know the blood stasis pattern for the patients who had hysterectomy. Methods: Among the patients who had hysterectomy in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, OO medical center from March 3rd 2009 to October 21st 2009, subjects who met inclusion criteria and submitted appropriate questionnaire. We compared blood stasis score and operational method, age, BMI, past operation history of abdominal and pelvic site, parity, whether adhesiolysis, oriental medicine intervention was done. For statistics, we used independent samples t-test, oneway analysis of variances(ANOVA) and SPSS version 13.0 for windows. Results: Blood stasis score of the subtotal hysterectomy group ($44.43{\pm}15.01$) is higher than that of the total hysterectomy group($39.04{\pm}12.46$). Blood stasis score under the age 40($51.88{\pm}12.68$) is higher than 40-49 age patients($40.34{\pm}14.24$) and over the age 50 patients($41.62{\pm}13.46$). There is no statistically significant difference between laparoscopic and abdominal trial, whether adhesiolysis, oriental medicine intervention was done, BMI, past operation history abdominal and pelvic site, parity, chief complaint before hysterectomy, oriental medicine intervention. Conclusion: Through the results showed, when traditional Korean medical doctors use static blood medication, history of hysterectomy and age should be considered as the history of subtotal hysterectomy and younger age tend to have a higher rate of a blood stasis pattern. We need a further study to develop blood stasis indicators with a validated questionnaire, and more subjects involved at multiple institutions.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.159-167
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• 2013

Objectives In this study, we wanted to find out the characteristics - gender, SLR test, valsalva test, duration, ESR, CRP and night pain - of lumbar disc herniation being classified as blood stasis and phlegm-retained fluid. Methods We surveyed 42 patients suffering from lumbar disc herniation using the diagnosis blood stasis syndrome, water retention syndrome of the comprehensive diagnosis of QI blood water. Blood stasis and phlegm-retained fluid are identical with blood stasis syndrome, water retention syndrome. Then we analyzed the characteristics - gender, SLR test, valsalva test, duration, ESR, CRP and night pain - of the patients suffering from lumbar disc herniation who were diagnosed as blood stasis and phlegm-retained fluid. Results Patients were sorted into two groups: 18 blood stasis patients and 30 phlegm-retained fluid patients. Gender (Woman), acute phase and night pain are related to blood stasis. Acute phase, positive of SLR test is related to phlegm-retained fluid. There was no correlation between blood stasis and SLR test, valsalva test, duration, ESR, CRP. Also no correlation between phlegm-fluid and gender, valsalva test, duration, ESR, CRP and night pain. Conclusions By Considering the characteristics - gender, SLR test, valsalva test, duration, ESR, CRP and night pain - of lumbar disc herniation patients, it can help to analyze the pattern of its symptoms.