• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.47 no.6
• /
• pp.824-831
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fishmeal replacement with acid-concentrated soybean meal (ACSBM) on growth performance, blood biochemistry, and ingredient digestibility in juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Six experimental diets were formulated to replace fishmeal protein with ACSBM at 0%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60% (designated ACSBM0, ACSBM20, ACSBM30, ACSBM40, ACSBM50, and ACSBM60, respectively). Triplicate groups of fish (initial fish mean weight: $14.3{\pm}0.03g$) were fed the experimental diets to apparent satiation (twice daily at 08:00 and 18:00 h). After a 12-week feeding trial, a total of 180 healthy fish were randomly distributed into three Guelph system tanks at a density of 60 fish/tank (initial fish mean weight : $50.6{\pm}2.4g$) to test the apparent digestibility coefficients of the ingredients (ACSBM, fishmeal, and soybean meal). Although negative effects were observed with ACSBM40, ACSBM50 and ACSBM60 after 12 weeks of feeding, up to 20% of the fishmeal protein could be successfully replaced with ACSBM without significant growth depression. Hemoglobin and hematocrit values of fish fed the ACSBM50 and ACSBM60 diets were significantly lower than those of fish fed the ACSBM0 diet. Glucose values of fish fed the ACSBM60 diet were significantly higher than those of fish fed the ACSBM0 and ACSBM20 diets. Digestibility of protein in ACSBM and soybean meal was 85.9% and 82.5%, respectively. Results indicated that at least 20% of fishmeal protein can be replaced by ACSBM in diets of juvenile olive flounder without supplementation of limiting amino acids.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.193-197
• /
• 1986

This experiment was carried out to find out the effect of piglet anemia prevention of the chelated iron with amino acids fed to the sows during the late gestation and early lactation as compared with oral iron administration, intramuscular iron-dextran injection and control (receiving no iron supplement) groups. Twenty crossbred sows (Landrace ${\times}$ Large White) bred purebred Large White boars were used to evaluate four treatments. The results obtained in this experiment were as follows: 1. There were no significant differences among the average body weights at birth in all the treatment groups. But the average body weight at 15 days of age was heaviest in the chelated iron group. At 35 days of age, the control group was lightest in the treatment groups. 2. The survival rates at weaning were not recognized significantly among all the treatment groups. 3. At birth and 15 days of age, the levels of hemoglobin, red blood cell and hematocrit of the chelated iron group were higher (P<.05) than those of the control group. But at 35 days of age, they were not recognized significantly.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.578-585
• /
• 2013

In this study, we evaluated the antidiabetic effect of a chloroform fraction of a methanol extract of Vigna nakashimae (designated VN) and compared it with that of a water fraction. Both fractions were administrated to eight-week old db/db mice for two weeks, after which the plasma glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels were measured. The chloroform fraction (VN-C) lowered the fasting glucose and blood glycated hemoglobin in the db/db mice more effectively than those of the water fraction (VN-W). VN-C also improved the glucose tolerance and led to a significant decrease in the plasma levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides. VN-C enhanced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and increased the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) in HepG2 and C2C12 cells more significantly than VN-W. Consistent with AMPK activation, VN-C inhibited cAMP/Dex-stimulated expression of gluconeogenic genes and increased glucose uptake in C2C12. Collectively, these results suggest that VN-C has an antidiabetic effect, which is exerted via AMPK activation, and that this effect is stronger than that of VN-W.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.175-186
• /
• 2008

To diagnose acute myocardial infarction (MI), many cardiac markers have been used in hematologic and biochemical analysis, and many studies have been published for hematologic and biochemical analysis associated with human acute MI. However, after occurrence of acute MI, the serial investigation for values in hematologic and biochemical analysis including chronic MI has rarely been performed. To observe the change of the serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis, we induced artificial MI. The left main descending artery (LMDA) of the left coronary artery was ligated during the progression (day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30) of MI. Total 66 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the sham group (n=24, thoracotomy without LMDA ligation) and the experimental (MI) group (n=42, with LMDA ligation). And all individual in each group was sacrified at day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30 for the hematologic and biochemical analysis. In comparison of hematologic analysis between the sham and MI groups, the mean values of red blood cell (RBCs), hemoglobin and hematocrit (HCT) showed a steady increase. In biochemical analysis, the mean values of glucose, cholesterol, total creatine kinase (CK) and isoenzyme MB, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were increased in all MI groups compared with the sham groups. The results of this study suggest that early hematologic and biochemical mean values occurred after acute MI are similar to those of human acute MI. In conclusion, we could observe the alterations and serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis to the extent of chronic status after acute MI.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.38-41
• /
• 2007

Increased risk of gastric cancer has been reported in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis that develops in conjunction with pernicious anemia. We report here a case of a gastric adenocarcinoma associated with pernicious anemia. A 40-year-old female patient had been diagnosed with anemia 6 years earlier at a local hospital. One month ago, she visited our hospital for aggravated dizziness and newly developed epigastric soreness. Her blood hemoglobin level was 4.2 g/dl, and a gastroscopic work-up for anemia discovered a 2.5-cm-sized, slightly elevated mucosal lesion at the anterior wall of the high body in the stomach. The biopsy of this lesion revealed a moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma. She underwent a total gastrectomy with a Roux en Y esophagojejunostomy with D2 lymph node dissection. The final stage of the gastric carcinoma was identified as T1N0M0. Based on this experience, we recommend that a follow-up gastroscopy be performed in patients with pernicious anemia with atrophic gastritis because of the increased risk of gastric cancer in patients with pernicious anemia.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.229-235
• /
• 1985

This study was undertaken for the clinical evaluation and statistical analysis on the 88 women with histopathologically confirmed ectopic pregnancies who were admitted and treated from grand opening on May-28, 1983 to Sept.-30, 1985. Incidence of ectopic pregnancy was 1 in 22.2 deliveries and the most common age group was in 30~34 years of age. There was tendency of decreasing incidencies as the gravidity, panty or artificial abortion were over 3. The most common etiologic factor was pelvic inflammatory disease and procedures for family planning were the next common. Common symptoms were lower abdominal pain (85.2%) and vaginal spotting (56.8%). At the admission, hemoglobin level under 10gm% were 44.3%, 69.5% of urine HCG tests were positive. Culdocentesis was positive only in 75.9%. Termination was frequent at 6 ~ 7 weeks of gestation mostly with rupture or abortion. Free blood in the abdominal cavity was averaged 1,224 ml. 4 cases of clinicobiochemically suspected ectopic pregnancies with spontaneous regression were excluded, and there was no fatal case treated in hospital.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.47 no.6
• /
• pp.794-805
• /
• 2017

Purpose: Interface pressure is a factor that contributes to the occurrence of pressure injuries. This study aimed to investigate interface pressure at common sites of pressure injury (occipital, gluteal and peritrochanteric areas), to explore the relationships among risk factors, skin condition and interface pressure, and to identify risk factors influencing interface pressure. Methods: A total of 100 patients admitted to the intensive care unit were enrolled at a tertiary teaching hospital in Korea. Interface pressure was recorded by a scanning aid device (PalmQ). Patient data regarding age, pulmonary disease, Braden Scale score, body mass index, serum albumin, hemoglobin, mean blood pressure, body temperature, and oxygen saturation were included as risk factors. Data collected from July to September 2016 were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Results: The mean interface pressure of the occipital, gluteal, and right and left peritrochanteric areas were 37.96 (${\pm}14.90$), 41.15 (${\pm}16.04$), 53.44(${\pm}24.67$), and 54.33 (${\pm}22.80$) mmHg, respectively. Predictive factors for pressure injuries in the occipital area were age ${\geq}70$ years (OR 3.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19~9.98), serum albumin deficit (OR 2.88, 95% CI: 1.00~8.26) and body temperature ${\geq}36.5^{\circ}C$ (OR 3.12, 95% CI: 1.17~8.17); age ${\geq}70$ years (OR 2.81, 95% CI: 1.10~7.15) in the right peritrochanteric area; and body temperature ${\geq}36.5^{\circ}C$ (OR 2.86, 95% CI: 1.17~6.98) in the left peritrochanteric area. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that old age, hypoalbuminemia, and high body temperature may be contributory factors to increasing interface pressure; therefore, careful assessment and nursing care of these patients are needed to prevent pressure injury. Further studies are needed to establish cutoff values of interface pressure for patients with pressure ulcers.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.95-108
• /
• 1976

It is obvious that adequate nutrition is essential for growth and development of school children, and many elementary schools in this country have already practiced it. Therefore, it would seem apparent that the school feeding program would have a significant effect on the growth and development of school children. This paper presents a two-year experimental school-feeding program from 1973 to 1974, and attempts to evaluate its effects by before-and-after nutrition surveys conducted in two elementary schools, one experimental and the other as a control. The two schools are both located in the same county (Yongin-Kun, Kyunggi-Do), and the families of their students are presumed to share the same socio-economic level. To assess the effect of school-feeding, we measured height, weight, chest circumference and grasping power. Physical examination was done foresigns of nutritional deficiency. A stool examination for parasites and blood examinations for hemoglobin, hematocrit and serum protein were included. Analyses were done for 150 students selected randomly at the beginning of the program. These students attended the school throughout the program period. Results are as follows: 1. The amount of increase of height, weight, chest cirumference and grasping power were greater in the experimental school than in the control school, but the differences are not statistically significant. 2. Signs of vitamin deficiency decreased in both experimental and control schools during the two-year program period. 3. At the time of the 1974 post-survey, values of Hb. & Hct. revealed no significant differences between the two schools, but serum protein level was a little higher than that of general Korean rural children of the same age. 4. Infestation rate of parasites had increased in both schools during the two-year program period. 5. Each student of the two schools was classified into three major classes, according to the level of economic condition of his or her parents, namely higher, middle and lower. The results of each class of the experimental school was compared with that of the corresponding class of the control school, expecting the relative magnitude of change largest in the lower economic class of the experimental school. However, change was greatest in the middle class, still not being statistically significant. Finally, the authors concluded that the two-year period for such a program is not sufficiently long for its beneficial effects to be demonstrated and measured. As long as the growth and development of children are concerned, planning with a more distant perspective is required, as well as the development of new methods of evaluation.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.335-339
• /
• 2003

This research was concentrated to Investigate the effects of Insumon as a newly developed dietary supplement in patients with type 2 diabetes. The average glycated hemoglobin level was dropped from 7.0${\pm}$1.1％ to 6.7${\pm}$0.9％ after 8 weeks with statistic significance (p＝0.0202). For patients of HbA1c over 7％, the average HbA1c significantly decreased from 8.1${\pm}$0.8％ to 7.5${\pm}$0.8％ (p＝0.0171). The average fasting blood glucose level was decreased significantly from 9.5${\pm}$1.2 mmol/L (171.6${\pm}$22.3 mg/dL) to 8.5${\pm}$1.5 mmol/L (152.3${\pm}$26.3 mg/dL) (p=0.0262) after 4 weeks and to 8.8${\pm}$1.5 mmol/L (158.3${\pm}$24.1 mg/dL) (p=0.0445) after 8 weeks in the group of patients of FBG of over 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL). The average HDL cholesterol level was increased significantly after 8 weeks from 1.2${\pm}$0.2 mmol/L (46.5${\pm}$8.6 mg/dL) to 1.3${\pm}$0.3 mmol/L (51.6${\pm}$10.9 mg/dL) (p=0.0007). Thus, these results suggested that patients with type 2 diabetes might benefit by Insumon as a herbal dietary supplement without any serious side effects.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 2017

Previous studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation significantly improves the recovery of neurological function in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage. Potential repair mechanisms involve anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and angiogenesis. However, few studies have focused on the effects of MSCs on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and subsequent peroxynitrite formation after hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH). In this study, MSCs were transplanted intracerebrally into rats 6 hours after HICH. The modified neurological severity score and the modified limb placing test were used to measure behavioral outcomes. Blood-brain barrier disruption and neuronal loss were measured by zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and neuronal nucleus (NeuN) expression, respectively. Concomitant edema formation was evaluated by H&E staining and brain water content. The effect of MSCs treatment on neuroinflammation was analyzed by immunohistochemical analysis or polymerase chain reaction of CD68, Iba1, iNOS expression and subsequent peroxynitrite formation, and by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$). The MSCs-treated HICH group showed better performance on behavioral scores and lower brain water content compared to controls. Moreover, the MSC injection increased NeuN and ZO-1 expression measured by immunochemistry/immunofluorescence. Furthermore, MSCs reduced not only levels of CD68, Iba1 and pro-inflammatory factors, but it also inhibited iNOS expression and peroxynitrite formation in perihematomal regions. The results suggest that intracerebral administration of MSCs accelerates neurological function recovery in HICH rats. This may result from the ability of MSCs to suppress inflammation, at least in part, by inhibiting iNOS expression and subsequent peroxynitrite formation.