• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2020

Streptococcus agalactiae or group B streptococcus (GBS) is associated with infections in neonates and pregnant women. Herein, we describe a rare case of GBS renal abscess with peritonitis and pleural effusion in a 17-year-old girl with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The girl was admitted due to fever and right flank pain. Laboratory findings included leukocytosis and increased C-reactive protein level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Her serum glucose level was 484 mg/dL. Urinalysis showed no pyuria. Renal sonography revealed parenchymal swelling in the right kidney. The patient was administered intravenous cefotaxime. Urine and blood cultures were negative. Fever seemed to improve, but the following day, she complained of abdominal pain and fever. Antibiotic was switched to imipenem, and abdominal and pelvic CT revealed a ruptured right renal abscess, peritonitis, and bilateral pleural effusion with atelectasis. Pigtail catheter drainage of the abscess was performed. Culture from the abscess was positive for GBS, and fever subsided 2 days after the drainage. She was discharged with oral cefixime. The clinical course of urinary tract infections (UTIs) can be atypical in patients with diabetes, and GBS can be a cause of UTIs. Prompt diagnosis and management are necessary to prevent complications in patients showing atypical courses.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.909-918
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of dietary nutrient intakes for markers of blood glucose and inflammation which is important to the progress of type 2 diabetes and the development of its complications. For this study, 76 adults with diabetes (42 males, 34 females) were recruited from a group of patients who had visited the department of endocrine medicine. Data on anthropometric characteristics, clinical indices such as hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and dietary nutrient intakes were collected. Our results have shown that 66% of subjects were either overweight or obese. Serum analysis indicates that levels of C-peptide, glucose, HbA1c, CRP, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol were higher than normal range. Results from the dietary nutrient intake survey displayed that intakes of cholesterol and sodium were higher than Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans. On the contrary, folate intake was lower than the guideline. Within the females, energy contribution from carbohydrate was higher than Korean Diabetes Association guideline. Statistical analysis has revealed a negative correlation between serum HbA1c level and dietary intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), n-3 PUFA, ${\beta}$-carotene and vitamin E after adjustments for age, BMI, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, exercise and ingestion of diabetes mellitus medication (p<0.05). Serum CRP level was inversely associated with dietary intakes of carbohydrate, protein, vitamin C and fiber (p<0.05). Our results suggest that dietary nutrient intakes may influence the levels of HbA1c and CRP, and subsequently, it may help in the management/treatment of type 2 diabetes.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.48-60
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the sex-associated differences in the dietary intake of gastric cancer patients in Korea. Methods: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) the 7^th (2016-2018) were analyzed in the present study. The subjects included 122 gastric cancer patients aged over 40 years (75 male, 47 female). General characteristics (age, marital status, household income, education, food security, comorbidities, alcohol drinking, and smoking), anthropometric characteristics (height, weight, body mass index, and blood pressure), blood biochemical characteristics [fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol)], and quantity and quality of dietary intake were compared between male and female participants. Results: Males had higher rates of having a spouse, prevalence of hypertension, alcohol drinking, and smoking than females. The proportion of males with a normal range of FPG, BUN, and HDL-cholesterol was lower than that in females. The total cholesterol levels above the normal range were higher in females than in males. We also found that females had a higher percentage of intakes below the estimated energy requirement (EER) and intakes below the estimated average requirement (EAR) for carbohydrates, niacin, phosphorus, and iron than males. The index of nutritional quality (INQ) for phosphorus and folate, nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) for vitamin C, thiamine, niacin, folate, calcium, and phosphorus, and the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were lower in females than males. Conclusions: In Korean gastric cancer patients, management of comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia, lowering FPG, and raising HDL-cholesterol level management is required for males, whereas management of lowering total cholesterol and raising hematocrit is required for females. The quantitative and qualitative nutritional intakes were poor in gastric cancer patients, especially in females, who had a lower nutritional intake than males. We suggest that nutritional interventions are needed to improve the overall nutritional intake in both male and female gastric cancer patients. In particular, we propose that support is urgently needed for females whose nutritional intake is lower than that of males. In addition, family, social, and national support for nutritional management of female gastric cancer patients is highly necessary.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2017

본 연구는 지역사회 당뇨노인의 자가관리 지식, 자신감, 행위 및 삶의 질 정도를 파악하기 위하여 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. D광역시에 거주하는 60세 이상의 당뇨노인을 대상으로 2015년 4월 20일부터 8월 31일까지 자료를 수집하였으며 수집된 자료 236부 중 최종적으로 205부를 분석하였다. SPSS 20.0 통계 프로그램의 기술통계 및 t-test와 ANOVA를 사용하여 분석하였으며, 분석 결과, 대상자의 당뇨 자가관리 지식점수는 6.99(${\pm}2.17$)점, 자가관리 자신감은 71.27(${\pm}10.21$)점, 자가관리 행위 62.78(${\pm}1.29$)점, 삶의 질은 0.86(${\pm}0.11$)점으로 나타났다. 대상자의 자가관리 지식과 자신감은 성별, 교육정도, 주관적 건강에 따라, 자가관리 행위는 교육수준 당뇨이환년수 및 주관적 건강에 따라, 삶의질은 주관적 건강에 따른 차이가 있었다. 세부영역별로 분석하였을 때 당뇨 자가관리 지식 중 식이에 대한 지식이 부족하였으며, 당뇨 자가관리 자신감은 투약과 혈당체크에 대한 자신감이 높았고 운동에 대한 자신감이 가장 낮았다. 자가관리 행위에 있어서 투약에 대한 행위가 6.48일로 가장 높았으며 혈당체크에 대한 행위 일수는 2.03일로 가장 낮았다. 삶의 질은 통증, 불편감 항목에서 가장 불편한 것으로 조사되었다. 이에 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 한국인의 식생활을 반영한 식이교육 지침과 방법이 개발될 필요가 있으며, 당뇨노인이 자가혈당감시 행위를 잘 이행하지 않는 데 대한 구체적인 분석과 연구가 시행될 것과, 본 연구에서 제시된 당뇨노인의 특성을 고려하여 적합한 간호중재 프로그램을 개발하고 검증할 것을 제언한다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.96-108
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data for developing a program for effective education about GDM(Gestational Diabetes Mellitus) by investigating the knowledge and learning needs of pregnant women about GDM. The subjects were 192 pregnant women who visited obstetrical clinics for prenatal care. The data were collected from October, 1998 to December, 1999, using a 50-item questionnaire(knowledge ; 30 items, learning needs ; 20 items), and analyzed by SAS program for t-test, ANOVA, Ducan test, and Pearson correlation coefficients. The results were as follows. 1. The knowledge level about GDM 1) Pregnant women had very little knowledge(total means ; 15.1 of 30.0) about GDM. 2) Pregnant women more than 30 years old, pregnant women from Seoul, and pregnant women who had more than a bachelor's degree were more knowledgeable about GDM. 3) Pregnant women who didn't experience spontaneous abortions, pregnant women who had DM(Diabetes Mellitus) patients in their families, and pregnant women who received education about DM were more knowledgeable about GDM. 4) Pregnant women knew very well that GDM women have more maternal and fetal complications than normal pregnant women. Although they were knowledgeable about the importance and ways of controlling blood glucose level, they knew very little about the causes, symptoms, or management of hypoglycemia. 2. The learning needs about GDM 1) Pregnant women had high learning needs (total means ; 85.0 of 100.0) about GDM. 2) The learning needs of pregnant women who had more than a bachelor's degree and pregnant women who earned less than two million won in monthly income were higher than that of other groups. 3) Pregnant women had high learning needs about the health of their baby and themselves, but their learning needs related to weight control and exercise-things that play important roles in controlling blood glucose level-were relatively low. As a result of the above findings, a systemic and individualized program is required for pregnant women and GDM patients, In addition to that, further studies that investigate the effects of education and retention of learning obtained by education are required in the near future.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.290-299
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• 2016

This study was conducted to determine the association between dietary calcium intake and biomarkers related to lipid and glucose metabolism and inflammation in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes. Seventy-five subjects (41 males, 34 females) were recruited from a group of patients who had visited the department of endocrine medicine. Data on anthropometric characteristics, clinical indices such as hemoglobin A1c and C-reactive protein (CRP), and dietary nutrient intakes were collected. Subjects were divided into three groups on the basis of their calcium intake [< EAR (below estimated average requirement), EAR-RNI (between EAR and recommended nutrient intake), > RNI (above RNI)]. Average calcium intake of < EAR, EAR-RNI, > RNI groups were $462.7{\pm}18.7$, $649.7{\pm}12.8$, and $895.7{\pm}21.7mg$, respectively. Energy intake was not different among groups but intakes of protein, total and saturated fatty acids were significantly higher in > RNI group than < EAR group. Analysis of covariance revealed that HDL cholesterol level was significantly higher in EAR-RNI group, as compared to < EAR group after adjustment with confounders such as age, sex, BMI and energy intake (p < 0.05). Levels of CRP and homeostasis model assessment 2-insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) were significantly lower in EAR-RNI group. Total cholesterol level was higher in EAR-RNI and > RNI groups, although within the normal range. Our results suggest that dietary calcium intake may influence the levels of HDL-cholesterol, CRP and HOMA2-IR and subsequently, help management/treatment of type 2 diabetes patients.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.226-235
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• 2020

연구목적은 당뇨성 안질환 및 신장질환 합병증 검사 수검여부에 영향을 주는 요인을 알아보기 위함이다. 본 연구는 2017년 지역사회 건강조사 전국 자료를 이용하였으며, 연구대상은 의사에게 당뇨병을 진단받은 적이 있다고 응답한 사람 25,829명이다. 당뇨병 환자의 당뇨성 안질환 및 신장질환 합병증 검사 수검여부에 영향을 주는 요인을 알아보기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 당뇨병 환자 중 당뇨성 안질환 합병증 검사 수검율은 35.6%, 당뇨성 신장질환 합병증 검사 수검률은 39.8%이었다. 걷기실천을 할수록(OR=1.03, OR=1.02), 당화혈색소(OR=2.33, OR=2.33) 및 혈당수치(OR=1.61, OR=1.71)를 인지하는 사람과 현재 당뇨병 치료(OR=2.67, OR=3.05) 및 당뇨병 관리교육(OR=1.45, OR=1.47)을 받는 사람의 당뇨성 안질환 및 신장질환 합병증 검사를 받을 가능성이 많았다. 결론적으로 당뇨성 합병증 검사 수검율을 높이기 위해서는 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 당뇨성 합병증 검사의 종류와 검사 시기가 포함된 당뇨병 관리 교육체계와 당화혈색소 및 혈당수치를 인지시킬 수 있는 다양한 홍보 방법 등이 개발되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. 그리고 당뇨병 관리를 위한 가이드라인 개발하고, 국가차원에서 국가검진제도에 당뇨성 합병증 검사 선별검사항목을 포함하는 등 시스템이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2020

Objective: The current study was carried out to examine the response of different levels of fat and protein in calf starter on nutrient utilisation, nitrogen metabolism, weight gain, blood parameters, and immunity level in pre-ruminant calves. Methods: Twenty four calves (5 days old) were divided into six groups in a 2×3 factorial design, with two levels of fat (10% and 14%) and three levels of protein (18%, 21%, and 24%). The calves were kept in individual pens for 120 days and fed with whole milk (1/10th of body weight) and calf starter ad-libitum. Daily dry matter intake was recorded; whereas body weight was taken on fortnightly basis to calculate average daily gain. During the growth trial blood samples were collected at 30 days interval to estimate blood glucose, albumin, total protein, total leucocyte count, total immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin G levels. A metabolic trial of seven days was carried out to find out the digestibility of different nutrients. Results: The dry matter intake was reduced (p<0.05) with higher fat and protein levels whereas feed conversion efficiency was improved (p<0.05) with higher protein level. Different levels of fat and protein in calf ration did not affect average daily gain in calves. The dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein digestibility were significantly (p<0.01) higher with increased level of protein. The nitrogen retention was also significantly higher (p<0.05) at 24% protein level, similarly the total immunoglobulin was significantly (p<0.05) high in higher protein fed groups, showed better immunity. Conclusion: The present finding suggested that 10% fat and 18% protein level of calf starter could be used in Sahiwal calves for optimum performance in terms of weight gain and immunity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.641-648
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• 2006

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of the individual nutrition education for type 2 diabetes who participate the diabetes buffet. The subjects were 66 patients and divided into education (n=34) and control groups (n=32). The mean age of education and control groups were 59.8 and 56.6 years old, respectively. There were no differences in age and body mass index (BMI) between two groups. Initial glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), post prandial plasma glucose (PP2), total plasma cholesterol, and blood pressure were not different between two groups. But fasting blood sugar (FBS) was higher in education group than in control group. On completion of the study, the education group showed significant decreases in body weight, BMI, FBS and PP2, however, the control group showed no changes in body weight, BMI and PP2, and showed a significant increase in FBS. Initial calorie and protein intakes of the education group did not meet the prescribed amount, however, mineral and vitamin intakes were higher than estimated average requirement (EAR). By the end of study, calorie and protein intakes were significantly increased to meet the prescription. In order to evaluate the effect of diet education, awareness of calorie requirement was used as an index of understanding diet prescription. The degree of awareness of calorie requirement was dependent on age: younger patients showed higher awareness than older subjects. The subject who showed better understanding of diet prescription showed lower levels of HbA1c, FBS, and PP2 at the end of the experiment period. The results of this study clearly show that individual diabetes diet education is effective to make the patient understand their diet prescription, and is effective to control body weight and blood sugar level. Awareness of calorie requirement could be used as an index of understanding of prescribed diet. Since age is an important variable to determine the awareness of calorie requirement, different strategies of nutrition education should be developed for different age groups, especially patients over 70 years old.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.106-113
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• 2010

In this study, we compared corn gluten hydrolyzates, BCAAs, and leucine for their effects on body weight reduction in high fat-induced obese rats in order to determine the major active components in the corn gluten hydrolyzates. After obesity was induced for 13 weeks with high fat diet, the overweight-induced SD rats (n = 64) were stratified according to body weight, randomly blocked into eight treatments, and raised for 8 weeks. Four groups were changed to a normal diet and the other groups remained on the high fat diet. Each of the groups within both diets was fed either casein, corn gluten hydrolyzates, leucine, or branched chain amino acids, respectively. Daily food intake, body weight gain, and food efficiency ratio were significantly lower in the corn gluten hydrolyzate groups compared to the other groups, regardless of the high fat diet or normal fat diet. The rats fed the corn gluten hydrolyzates diet had the lowest perirenal fat pad weights whereas muscle weight was significantly increased in the corn gluten hydrolyzates groups. Plasma triglyceride, hepatic total lipid, and total cholesterol contents were significantly reduced in the corn gluten hydrolyzates groups. Other lipid profile measurements were not significantly changed. Plasma triglyceride and hepatic total lipid were also significantly reduced in the BCAA and leucine groups. Leptin levels were significantly lower and adiponectin was significantly higher in the corn gluten hydrolyzates groups. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and HOMA-IR levels were also significantly reduced in the corn gluten hydrozylates groups, regardless of fat level.