• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.56-65
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of laser acupuncture to the 830 nm on the five transport points with the spleen meridian for treatment to intestinal disease in rat with dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis. Methods : Colitis was induced by DSS for 20 days. The laser therapy on the five transport points of spleen meridian (Laser Well Point-SP1(L-WE), Laser Brook Point-SP2(L-BR), Laser Stream Point-SP3(L-ST), Laser River Point-SP5(L-RI) and Laser Sea Point-SP9(L-SE) was practiced twice a week for 5 times. Colon length was measured using a measuring point. Histological evaluation of colitis was conducted by hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) staining. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was determined using western blotting and quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Results: Colon length increased significantly L-BR and L-ST points after 5 times of therapy. Damage to the colonic mucosa is an integral feature of the DSS model, so control colonic mucosa tissue was damaged in the areas of ulceration resulting in complete epithelial loss. However histological damage decreased on the epithelial lining at all points. Cyclooxygenase(COX)-2 concentrations decreased in all points groups and Interferon(IFN)-${\gamma}$ increased in L-WE, L-BR, L-RI and L-SE points but L-ST was decreased when compared with control. White blood cell(WBC) and neutrophils(NE) decreased after the fifth acupuncture on the all points. But hemoglobin(HGB) increased after the fifth acupuncture on the L-WE, L-BR, L-ST and L-RI points. Also Mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH) and Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC) decreased after the fifth acupuncture on the all points. Conclusions: The present study indicated that five transport points of the spleen meridian can prevent the development of DSS-induced colitis in rat. Thereby suggesting that should be available for decreasing DSS-induced inflammation in a colonic mucosa of tissue.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.577-584
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• 2007

본 연구는 후대검정 한우 295두의 혈액으로부터 genomic DNA를 추출하여 PCR 방법에 의한 증폭과 염기서열 분석을 통하여 ADSF/resistin 유전자의 단일염기다형을 발굴하고 이들과 한우 육질관련형질과의 상관관계를 분석하기 위하여 실시하였다. 확보된 DNA로부터 염기서열을 결정한 결과 promoter와 4개의 exon영역에서는 SNP를 찾지 못하였으나 intron 영역에서 7개의 SNP를 발굴하였다. 발굴된 SNP의 출현 빈도는 0.027에서 0.16까지 그 차이가 많았다. 육질형질과의 상관분석에서 이들 SNP 중 intron 2에서 발굴된 764A ins 만이 근내지방도와 상관관계가 발견되었다(P<0.05). 근내지방도는 유전력이 매우 높기 때문에 이번에 발굴된 ADSF/resistin 유전자의 SNP 764A ins와 같이 유전표지인자를 이용하는 것이 근내 지방도의 개량을 위해 우수한 결과를 가지는 것으로 사료된다. 가축의 경제형질의 경우 다수의 유전자가 관여하기 때문에 한 개의 유전자를 이용한 가축의 선발 또는 개량에 이용한다는 것은 제한적일 수 있다. 따라서 다수의 관련 유전자를 이용한 다형현상과 경제형질과의 연관성 연구가 동반될 때 육질개선 및 가축개량에 실질적인 증대효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2013

본 연구는 브로일러에서 비타민 C와 E의 첨가 급여가 성장 능력 및 개체별 스트레스 경감 정도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 스트레스 반응 정도는 혈액과 각 조직별 세포들에 대한 텔로미어 함량, DNA 손상율 및 열손상단백질 유전자(HSP, HMGCR) 발현율을 분석하고 고찰하였다. 텔로미어 함량 및 감축율은 양적 형광접합보인법(Q-FISH)으로 분석하였고, DNA 손상율은 comet assay로 분석하였다. 열손상단백질 유전자 발현율은 HSP70, HSP90-${\alpha}$, HSP90-${\beta}$ 및 HMGCR을 표적으로 하여 real-time PCR로 분석하였다. 시험 결과, 급여 처리구 간에 체중, 증체량, 사료 섭취량, 사료 요구율 및 생존율 등 생산 능력의 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 텔로미어 감축율에 있어서는 비타민 E 첨가 급여구가 대조구에 비해 유의하게 낮은 감축율을 보여 스트레스 경감의 효과를 나타내었다. DNA 손상율 또한 모든 비타민 첨가 급여구가 대조구에 비해 유의하게 낮은 양상을 보였다. HMGCR, HSP90-${\alpha}$ 및 HSP90-${\beta}$의 유전자 발현율에 있어서도 비타민 E 첨가 급여구가 대조구에 비해 유의하게 낮은 발현율을 나타내어 스트레스 경감 효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과에 따라 브로일러에 사료 내 비타민 E의 첨가 급여(100 mg/kg feed)는 성장 능력의 저하 없이 개체의 생리적 스트레스 정도를 경감시키는 바람직한 항산화 제재로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.202-210
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• 2013

This study elucidated the effects of limited concentrate feeding on growth, plasma profile, and gene expression of gluconeogenic enzymes and visfatin in the liver of Hanwoo beef calves. The purpose of this study was to test that reducing the amount of concentrate would partially be compensated by increasing the intake of forage and by altering the metabolic status. The study utilized 20 Korean native beef calves (Hanwoo; 60 to 70 d of age) divided into two groups of 10 calves each for 158 d. Control group calves received the amount of concentrate as per the established Korean feeding standards for Hanwoo, whereas calves in the restricted group only received half the amount of concentrate as per standard requirements. Good quality forage (Timothy hay) was available for ad libitum consumption to both groups. Since calves were with their dam until 4 months of age in breeding pens before weaning, the intake of milk before weaning was not recorded, however, the concentrate and forage intakes were recorded daily. Body weights (BW) were recorded at start and on 10 d interval. Blood samples were collected at start and at 50 d interval. On the final day of the experiment, liver biopsies were collected from all animals in each group. The BW was not different between the groups at all times, but tended to be higher (p = 0.061) only at final BW in control than restricted group. Total BW gain in the control group was 116.2 kg as opposed to 84.1 kg in restricted group that led to average BW gain of 736 g/d and 532 g/d in respective groups, and the differences were significant (p<0.01). As planned, the calves in the control group had higher concentrate and lower forage intake than the restricted group. The plasma variables like total protein and urea were higher (p<0.05) in control than restricted group. The mRNA expressions for the gluconeogenic enzymes such as cytosolic phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (EC 4.1.1.32) and pyruvate carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.1), and visfatin measured by quantitative real-time PCR in liver biopsies showed higher expression (p<0.05) in restricted group than control. Overall, restricting concentrate severely reduced the growth intensity and affected few plasma indices, and gene expression in liver was increased indicating that restricting concentrate in the feeding schemes during early growth for beef calves is not advocated.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.194-198
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• 2014

Methicillin 내성 포도상구균은 전세계적으로 사람과 동물에서 중요한 병인체로 주목 받고 있다. 본 연구는 국내 말과 말을 취급하는 사람에서의 methicillin 내성 포도상구균 발생현황을 조사하고자 실시하였다. 국내 경주마 목장에 소재하는 총 195두의 말과 18명의 말을 취급하는 사람(8명의 수의사, 7명의 말 관리사, 3명의 동물병원 직원)을 대상으로 하였다. 면봉을 이용하여 한쪽 비강에서 시료를 채취하여 세균수송배지에 보관 후 5% 양 혈액배지에서 $37^{\circ}C$ 3일간 배양하여 포도상구균 존재여부를 확인하였다. 포도상구균은 16S rRNA 유전자 분석을 실시하여 동정하였으며, 동정된 포도상구균은 coagulase 검사를 실시하였다. Methicillin 저항성을 확인하기 위하여 oxacillin 디스크 검사와 함께 mecA 유전자 존재를 PCR을 통하여 확인하였다. 검사를 실시하였던 말 195두 중 64두가 포도상구균으로 동정되었으며, 이중 29두(44.6%)가 methicillin 내성 포도상구균으로 확인되었다. 말을 취급하는 18명 중 14명의 시료에서 포도상구균이 동정되었으며, 이중 12명(85.7%)의 시료에서 methicillin에 내성을 가지고 있는 포도상구균으로 확인되었다. 말과 사람에서 동정된 모든 methicillin 내성 포도상구균은 coagulase 음성으로 확인되었다. 또한 항생제의 사용기간이 긴 개체에서 사용기간이 짧았던 개체군보다 methicillin 내성 포도상구균이 높은 것으로 나타났다(p = 0.002). 본 연구결과는 사람과 말 사이에서 인수공통전파가 일어날 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2014

The study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of feeding with phytase transgenic corn (PTC) on organ weight, serum biochemical parameters and nutrient digestibility, and to determine the fate of the transgenic DNA in laying hens. A total of 144 50-week-old laying hens were grouped randomly into 2 treatments, with 8 replicates per treatment and 9 hens per replicate. Each treatment group of hens was fed with diets containing 62.4% non-transgenic conventional corn (CC) or PTC for 16 weeks. The phytase activity for CC was 37 FTU/kg of DM, whereas the phytase activity for PTC was 8,980 FTU/kg of DM. We observed that feeding PTC to laying hens had no adverse effect on organ weight or serum biochemical parameters (p>0.05). A fragment of a poultry-specific ovalbumin gene (ov) was amplified from all tissues of hens showing that the DNA preparations were amenable to PCR amplification. Neither the corn-specific invertase gene (ivr) nor the transgenic phyA2 gene was detected in the breast muscle, leg muscle, ovary, oviduct and eggs. The digestibility data revealed no significant differences between the hens that received the CC- and PTC-based diets in the digestibility of DM, energy, nitrogen and calcium (p>0.05). Phosphorus digestibility of hens fed the PTC-based diet was greater than that of hens fed the CC-based diet (58.03% vs 47.42%, p<0.01). Based on these results, it was concluded that the PTC had no deleterious effects on the organ weight or serum biochemical parameters of the laying hens. No recombinant phyA2 gene was detected in muscle tissues and reproductive organs of laying hens. The novel plant phytase was efficacious in improving the phosphorus digestibility of laying hens.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2001

Background: To determine the molecular structure of type II collagen-specific T-cell receptors associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: We generated CII-specific T-cell lines of 8 RA patients by prolonged in vitro culture with bovine CII (bCII) and the immunogenic peptide (256-270) of human CII. The proliferation response towards CII stimulation was measured from the uptake of 3H-thymidine. Changes in the secretion of Th 1 and Th2 cytokines in the culture supernatent were measured by ELISA. The TCR clonotypes of these T-cells were examined by RT-PCR/SSCP analyses of all 22 $V_{\beta}$ chains. Results: T-cells from patients' tissue exhibited strong proliferation index upon CII stimulation, which was maintained up to 6 months in the culture. The secretion of INF-$\gamma$from these T-cells increased along with the duration of culture time, while the amount of IL-4 production did not show significant changes. The SSCP band patterns of patients' T-cells appear as discrete bands unlike the smeary streak produced from normal samples. Some SSCP bands, each representing selected expansion of a TCR containing certain subtype of $V_{\beta}$ peptides, appeared to be identical in more than one patients. Among these, the expansion of SSCP band representing the $V_{\beta}$ 14 CDR3 region persisted after switching the antigen to the immunogenic human peptide (256-270). Conclusion: CII-reactive T-cells expressing distinct CDR3 motifs are selectively expanded in the peripheral blood and synovial fluid of RA patients, and their persistent proliferation upon CII stimulation, as well as the production Th 1-type cytokines, may play pivotal roles in RA pathogenesis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.4437-4441
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• 2014

SMAD7 has been identified as a functional candidate gene for colorectal cancer (CRC). SMAD7 protein is a known antagonist of the transforming growth factor beta ($TGF-{\beta}$) signaling pathway which is involved in tumorigenesis. Polymorphisms in SMAD7 may thus alter cancer risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a SMAD7 gene polymorphism (rs2337107) on risk of CRC and clinicopathological features in an Iranian population. In total, 210 subjects including 105 patients with colorectal cancer and 105 healthy controls were recruited in our study. All samples were genotyped by TaqMan assay via an ABI 7500 Real Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems) with DNA from peripheral blood. The polymorphism was statistically analyzed to investigate the relationship with the risk of colorectal cancer and clinicopathological properties. Logistic regression analysis revealed that there was no significant association between rs2337107and the risk of colorectal cancer. In addition, no significant association between genotypes and clinicopathological features was observed (p value>0.05). Although there was not any association between genotypes and disorder, CT was the most common genotype in this population. This genotype prevalence was also higher in the patients with well grade (54.9%) and colon (72.0%) tumors. Our results provide the first evidence that this polymorphism is not a potential contributor to the risk of colorectal cancer and clinicopathological features in an Iranian population, and suggests the need of a large-scale case-control study to validate our results.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3761-3768
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• 2013

Background: The Saudi population has experienced a sharp increase in colorectal and gastric cancer incidences within the last few years. The relationship between gene polymorphisms of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence has not previously investigated among the Saudi population. The aim of the present study was to investigate contributions of CYP1A1, CYP2E1, and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from CRC patients and healthy controls and genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing. Results and Conclusions: $CYP2E1^*6$ was not significantly associated with CRC development (odd ratio=1.29; confidence interval 0.68-2.45). A remarkable and statistically significant association was observed among patients with $CYP1Awt/^*2A$ (odd ratio=3.65; 95% confidence interval 1.39-9.57). The $GSTM1^*0/^*0$ genotype was found in 2% of CRC patients under investigation. The levels of CYP1A1, CYP2E1 and GSTM1 mRNA gene expression were found to be 4, 4.2 and 4.8 fold, respectively, by quantitative real time PCR. The results of the present case-control study show that the studied Saudi population resembles Caucasians with respect to the considered polymorphisms. Investigation of genetic risk factors and susceptibility gene polymorphisms in our Saudi population should be helpful for better understanding of CRC etiology.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2016

Although the chemical, physical, and nutritional properties of bovine milk have been extensively studied, only a few studies have attempted to characterize milk-synthesizing genes using RNA-seq data. RNA-seq data was collected from 21 Holstein samples, along with group information about milk production ability; milk yield; and protein, fat, and solid contents. Meta-analysis was employed in order to generally characterize genes related to milk production. In addition, we attempted to investigate the relationship between milk related traits, parity, and lactation period. We observed that milk fat is highly correlated with lactation period; this result indicates that this effect should be considered in the model in order to accurately detect milk production related genes. By employing our developed model, 271 genes were significantly (false discovery rate [FDR] adjusted p-value<0.1) detected as milk production related differentially expressed genes. Of these genes, five (albumin, nitric oxide synthase 3, RNA-binding region (RNP1, RRM) containing 3, secreted and transmembrane 1, and serine palmitoyltransferase, small subunit B) were technically validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in order to check the accuracy of RNA-seq analysis. Finally, 83 gene ontology biological processes including several blood vessel and mammary gland development related terms, were significantly detected using DAVID gene-set enrichment analysis. From these results, we observed that detected milk production related genes are highly enriched in the circulation system process and mammary gland related biological functions. In addition, we observed that detected genes including caveolin 1, mammary serum amyloid A3.2, lingual antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin 4 (CATHL4), cathelicidin 6 (CATHL6) have been reported in other species as milk production related gene. For this reason, we concluded that our detected 271 genes would be strong candidates for determining milk production.