• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.86-90
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• 2004

Hemolytic uremic syndrome(HUS) is characterized by acute renal failure, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia and the most common pathogen is Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157 : H7. Ischemic colitis, which rarely occurs in children, is due to the reduced local blood flow to the intestine, tissue necrosis and secondary bacterial infection. We describe a patient who was admitted with abdominal pain, vomiting and hematochezia, and diagnosed as ischemic colitis by barium enema. This patient showed hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and progressive renal failure and was subsequently diagnosed as hemolytic uremic syndrome. After hemodialysis, the patient showed improvement of symptoms and resolution of renal failure and ischemic colitis.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.129-131
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• 2019

A 15-year-old intact Yorkshire terrier was presented with anorexia, lethargy, and a pale mucous membrane. A physical examination one year ago revealed right testis mass and subcutaneous petechia. Blood work revealed severe thrombocytopenia and mild anemia, and no abnormalities were found in serum chemistry or ultrasonography. The preoperative serum estrogen concentration was moderately elevated. The enlarged testis was surgically removed. A well-encapsulated mass composed of polyhedral or round with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm containing fine granular or vacuolation were found in a histological examination of the removed tissue. The nuclei of tumor cells were round, and mitotic figures were low but neoplastic cells showed a mild invasive tendency to adjacent tissues with contained neoplastic cell emboli in one lymphatic lumen. A diagnosis of a malignant Leydig cell tumor was made. The patient recovered from surgery uneventfully, but his condition worsened despite repeated transfusions and supportive therapy, and he was euthanized according to the owner's decision. Leydig cell tumor should be included in estrogen toxicity associated with testicular mass.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.178-182
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of $CD4^+CD25^+FoxP3^+$ regulatory T cells (Treg) in the peripheral blood of patients with childhood chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) exhibiting thrombocytopenia and spontaneous remission. The findings of this study indicate the possibility of predicting spontaneous recovery and pathogenesis of childhood chronic ITP. Methods: Eleven children with chronic ITP (seven thrombocytopenic and four spontaneous remission cases; mean age, 8.8 years; range, 1.7-14.9 years) were enrolled in this study. Five healthy children and eight healthy adults were included as controls. The frequency of Treg was evaluated by flow cytometry in the peripheral blood. Results: In this study, four patients (36%) achieved spontaneous remission within 2.8 years (mean year; range, 1.0-4.4 years). The frequency of Treg was significantly lower in patients with persisting thrombocytopenia ($0.13%{\pm}0.09%$, P<0.05), than that in the patients with spontaneous remission ($0.30%{\pm}0.02%$), healthy adults controls ($0.55%{\pm}0.44%$), and healthy children controls ($0.46%{\pm}0.26%$). A significantly positive correlation was found between the frequency of Treg and the platelet count in children. Conclusion: These data suggest that a lower frequency of Treg contributes to the breakdown of self-tolerance, and may form the basis for future development of specific immunomodulatory therapies. Furthermore, Treg frequency has prognostic implication toward the natural course and long-term outcomes of childhood chronic ITP.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.349-358
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• 2000

Effects of repeated administration of diminazene aceturate (Hoechst Veterin r GmbH. Ger- many) that has been introduced as effective compound against Babesiosis and trppanosomiasis were investigated in dogs experimentally infacted with Babesia gibsoni. Adull mongrel dogs of both sexes were inoculated will nonpreserved infected blood and then maintained chronic anemia. A single dose of diminazene aceturate of 7mg/kg b.w. was administrated intramnuscularIy on day 7.1 arid ,7. Clin- ical and hcmatological findings following inoculation and medication were observed and 7enlm bio chemical analysis also was monitored. Parasitemia was detected between 3 and 6 days after inoculation. The rate of parasitized erythrocytes,1 in peripheral blood reached the peak on the 13th day and was maintained the percentage of 0.1 to 1.0 until the medication of diminazene aceturate. RBC was significantly (p<0.01) decreased on the 3rd day and then kept on decreasing. The lowest value was observed on the 16th day. WBC remained generally within normal ranges. PCV revea1ed the sig-nificant (p<0.01) decrease within the range of 24-27% and platelet was significantly (p<0.05) decreased during the period. Senum chemical values (ALT, AST. total bilirubin. LDH BUN, area- tinine, total protein. albumin and glucose) were within normal ranges during the experimental period. Serum CPK values were significantly (p<0.01) increased on the 3rd day. There was no clinically, sig-nificant difference in a single dose of diminazene aceturate of 7 mg/kg b.w. But the administration of diminazene aceturate of 14 mg/kg b.w. revealed vomiting and anorexia and one dog died in 30 hours after administration. The administration of 14mg/kg b.w. resulted in vomiting, salivation, actor- exia, tremor of head and involuntary movement and one dog died in 27 hours after administration. WBC, RBC, PCV and Platelet values were no significant difference and hematological findings revealed persistent anemia and thrombocytopenia during chronic anemia after inoculation. AST activity its was significantly (p<0.01) increased 11\\`from 3 days after medication and AST activity was on the same trend. Serum CPK activity revealed significant (p<0.01) increase within 6 hors)\\`s after every administration and decreased in 48 howl·s after administration.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.170-173
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• 2005

A 4-year-old female Shunauzer dog was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Chungbuk National University due to anorexia and depression. The dog had a history of regular walking on grass fields, weight loss, and hyperthermia $(40.6^{\circ}C)$. In the physical examination, lymph node enlargement was confirmed. Complete blood count result revealed leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia but there was no decreasing of red blood cells. On blood chemistry, serum ALP, GGT, CPK, and LDH were elevated. Abdominal radiograph showed splenomegaly. Anaplasma platys infection was suspected with inclusion body-like substances in platelets on blood smear. Anaplasma platys was confirmed by PCR. On the basis of laboratory examination, final diagnosis was anaplasmosis. Treatment was followed for 3 months with tetracycline and doxycycline. The patient was monitored every week during the treatment. The patient has recovered to normal condition without any clinical signs. We are going to emphasize the need of PCR technique in diagnosis and to report the possibility of long term treatment more than two months in rickettial disease.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.28.1-28.5
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• 2023

A 10-year-old spayed female Maltese presented with purpura and hematemesis. Initial laboratory evaluation revealed immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, but evidence of hemolytic anemia was not identified. Three milligrams of human intravenous immunoglobulin (hIVIG) was administered for 3 hours following prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil. A pale mucous membrane was identified, and the packed cell volume decreased by 3%. Blood film examination revealed significant spherocytosis with auto-agglutination. Blood transfusions and immunosuppression were continued for 4 days, and hIVIG was discontinued. This report describes a case of increased immune-mediated hemolysis after hIVIG administration, possibly due to new-onset immune-mediated hemolytic anemia or enhanced immunogenicity.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.5057-5061
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• 2012

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) is one of the most important causes of anemia in cancer patients. This study was conducted to describe the prevalence and characteristics of CIA in solid cancer patients in the Chinese population, and to explore the relationship of white blood cell (WBC) or platelet decrease with CIA. Methods: Data on age, gender, tumor diagnosis, anti-cancer treatment and blood cell analyses were available from 220 untreated non-anemic cancer patients who received at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy, and the data were analyzed to assess their relationship with CIA or its severity. Results: 139 patients (63.2%) presented anemia, most being Grade 1 or 2. Esophageal and lung cancers were associated with a high prevalence. G3/4 leucopenia and decrease of platelets were identified as independent risk factors for the occurrence of CIA. Moreover, G3/4 leucopenia, decrease of platelet and G3/4 thrombocytopenia were found to be also associated with the severity of CIA. Cisplatin-containing regimens were a main potential factor in causing CIA, although significant association was only found on univariate analysis. Conclusion: Anemia or decrease in hematoglobin are common in Chinese cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Cisplatin-containing regimens might be an important factor influencing the occurrence of CIA. Our analysis firstly described some risk factors, such as decrease of platelets or WBCs, severity of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia, associated with the occurrence and severity of CIA.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.289-291
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• 2008

3-year-old female Pitbull terrier dog that had been moved to Republic of Korea was diagnosed with Ehrlichia canis infection. Abnormal findings on a complete blood count (CBC) and serum chemistry profile were moderate anemia, mild thrombocytopenia, hyperproteinemia and hyperglobulinemia. Serologic screening test by a commercial ELISA kit for Ehrlichia canis was positive, and serum antibody titer was markedly high (> 1 : 10240). The morula of Ehrlichia organisms was not detected in buffy coat blood smears. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done using the peripheral blood and the result was negative. Based on the serologic test results and the clinical signs, the dog was diagnosed as ehrlichiosis. The dog responded well to doxycycline and was uneventfully recovered.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.81-86
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• 1996

Systemic lupus erythematosus in a dog, suspected systemic lupus erythematosus in a dog, and autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura hemmorrhagica in a dog are reported. A fice-year old, female Chihuahua (Case 1) showed initially hemorrhagic diathesis and purpura hemorrhagica. Afterward, it showed polymyositis and polyarthritis. LE-cell was demonstrated on LE-cell preparation trom blood. Systemic lupus erythematosus was diagnosed. This reponded well to the immunosuppressants, but developed iatrogenic Cushing syndrome and steroid hepatopathy. A two-and-half-year old, male toy poodle (Case 2) had chief complaint of red urine. Occult blood test for the urine sediment. This did not respond at all to antibiotics and carbazochrome, which is one of systemic coagulants. LE-cell was demonstrated on LE-cell preparation from blood. This responded relatively well to immunosupressants such as prenisolone, azathioprine and cyclophosphamide. systemic lupus erythematosus is suspected. A nine-year-and-three-month old, female Maltese (Case 3), which had history of congestive heart failure and ovariohysterectomy showed purpura hemorrhagica in the skin of chest. This had severe thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis. As prednisolone was administered before immunological examination or demonstration of LE-cell, it was impossible to diagnose whether purpura hemorrhagica developed as a member of systemic lupus erythematosus or independent of systemic lupus erythematosus. This responded well to prednisolone, and so autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura hemorrhagica was diagnosed.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.298-302
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• 2023

A 7-year-old neutered male, domestic shorthair cat presented anorexia and lethargy. The complete blood cell count revealed severe non-regenerative anemia, lymphocytic leukocytosis, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. On the peripheral blood smear examination, medium to large lymphoblastic cells with moderate amounts of basophilic cytoplasm were observed in up to 70% of peripheral leukocytes. Feline leukemia and immunodeficiency viruses were not detected using a commercial diagnostic kit. While splenomegaly and blunt margins of the caudoventral liver were observed in abdominal radiography, changes in the intra-abdominal lymph nodes were not remarkable. Ultimately, flow cytometric immunophenotyping from the peripheral blood revealed a negative for B-cell markers (CD21-/CD79a-) and T-cell markers (CD3-/CD4-/CD5-/CD8-). Based on the hematological examination and the immunophenotyping assay, the cat was diagnosed with non-B, non-T acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Here, we report a rare case of non-B, non-T acute lymphoblastic leukemia to raise awareness and provide information on clinical symptoms and laboratory test and immunophenotyping analysis results.