• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5969-5973
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• 2012

Introduction: Andhra Pradesh (AP) is one of the largest tobacco producing states in India. About 29% of adults in AP currently use tobacco in some form. Almost 24% of males and 4% of females are smokers. The prevalence of tobacco use in the state is higher than the national average of 15% for male and 2% for female smokers. However, few attempts have been made to understand the current situation of tobacco control resources, activities and strategies in the context of such a high tobacco prevalence state. The present study aimed to identify the gaps in existing tobacco control program and areas where tobacco control efforts can be integrated. Methods: Data were collected using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with a total of 95 key officials of state health departments, program managers, and project directors in six districts to understand ongoing tobacco control efforts. To facilitate the interviews, semi-structured guides were developed. Simple descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the quantitative data using SPSS version 17. Results: The results of the situational analysis suggest that a sufficient health workforce and infrastructure with the potential to integrate tobacco control activities is available in the surveyed districts. However, lack of integration of the tobacco control program intothe tuberculosis control program and the National Rural Health Mission was observed. Information, education and communication activities were lacking at block level health facilities. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that lack of trained health professionals, paucity of dedicated funds, lack of information, education and communication materials and low priority given to tobacco control activities are some of the factors which impede integration of tobacco control into existing health and developmental programmes in the districts of Andhra Pradesh, India.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.217-230
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• 2000

For the longest time, our government has played an inconsiderable role in the public health services of Korea, especially as it relates to their investment. Voices have cried out against increases in national health expenditure and for more establishment of public medical facilities. In light of this, the necessity and importance of public medical facilities have come into focus amidst the recent medical crisis. When public medical facilities filled in the gap created by the suspension or closure of private hospitals and clinics as a result of this national crisis and acted as a safety net, the demand for more establishment of such facilities increased. Although patient diagnosis and treatment are the first priority of public medical facilities, they must also deal with scopes that private medical facilities do not deal with, dislike, or have difficulty with. In this respect, the closure or privatization of public hospitals to reduce their number just because of their low profits or financial burdens that must be carried by the government is to ignore their innate importance and social role; therefore, we must do all we can to block such efforts and further empower these public health facilities according to demands of the time. The improvement of public health services can be realized by redefining its goals and roles, increasing government funding, strengthening of existing public health facilities and reorganizing the public health services system. Even if public health facilities were to increase their medical services and be reinforced, they cannot take on all the services related to public health services, Therefore, in a country like ours where public health services come second to private health services in the health care system, the health of citizens can be safeguarded only when private and public facilities cooperate and private medical facilities share the social responsibilities. Only the show of interest and effort by government, politicians, health professionals, professional organizations and public can initiate the improvement that is sought.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.171-179
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to figure out the preference features on design components of shop facade on the basis of the questionnaire survey on short-term memory and sensory memory of human right after an image experiment. As for a preceding research, this study examined the design features of facade into tangible elements and intangible elements, and also classified them into physical, aesthetical, marketing and symbolic components in detail. And, it extracted 5 representative elements in preceding studies including shape, material, pattern, color and sign, which is the standard of a questionnaire survey and preference analysis. The subjects of the experiment were 30 men and women who were over 20 years old majoring interior design. They were exposed to 20 images with 10 seconds respectively through a video, and were asked to respond the questionnaire promptly. The findings of preference analysis of design components of facade including shape, material, pattern, color and sign are as follows. Firstly, shape was the most interesting and attracting component, and designs applied with shape of objects such as 'web', 'drawer', 'wheel' and 'button' obtained high preference. Secondly, as for material, block, steel, exposed concrete board attracted higher preference as memorable materials than other materials. Material was affected by shape, pattern and color. Thirdly, pattern was the most lasting element. Designed pattern had higher preference than simple pattern. Fourthly, as for color, red and green with strong stimulation and attention attained priority having long lasting memory. Fifthly, when visiting a shop, sign out of 5 elements of shape, material, pattern, color and sign drew attention the most. As for the preference of location of sign, 'center top' was the most noticeable. The findings of this study could be utilized for facade design, and also could be used for commercialization considering highly preferred components, and top preference aspects of such elements. advised that to give an impression to customers is important to make a successful design for sales marketing, which, in turn, would lead customers to revisit the shop.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.289-296
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• 2001

The Election protocol can be used as a building block in many practical problems such as group communication, atomic commit and replicated data management where a protocol coordinator might be useful. The problem has been widely studied in the research community since one reason for this wide interest is that many distributed protocols need an election protocol. However, despite its usefulness, to our knowledge there is no work that has been devoted to this problem in a mobile computing environment. Mobile systems are more prone to failures than conventional distributed system. Solving election in such an environment requires from a set of mobile hosts to choose a mobile host or a fixed host based on the their priority despite failures of both mobile computing and/or fixed hosts. In this paper, we describe a solution to the election problem from mobile computing systems. This solution is based on the Garcia Molina\\`s Bully algorithm.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.673-681
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• 2021

This study is a case study of artificial intelligence education subjects in the graduate school of education. The main educational contents consisted of understanding and practice of machine learning, data analysis, actual artificial intelligence using Entries, artificial intelligence and physical computing. As a result of the survey on the educational effect after the application of the curriculum, it was found that the students preferred the use of the Entry AI block and the use of the Blacksmith board as a physical computing tool as the priority applied to the elementary education field. In addition, the data analysis area is effective in linking math data and graph education. As a physical computing tool, Husky Lens is useful for scalability by using image processing functions for self-driving car maker education. Suggestions for desirable AI education include training courses by level and reinforcement of data collection and analysis education.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.93-100
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• 2021

Damage caused by intelligent cyber attacks not only disrupts system operations and leaks information, but also entails massive economic damage. Recently, cyber attacks have a distinct goal and use advanced attack tools and techniques to accurately infiltrate the target. In order to minimize the damage caused by such an intelligent cyber attack, it is necessary to block the cyber attack at the beginning or during the attack to prevent it from invading the target's core system. Recently, technologies for predicting cyber attack paths and analyzing risk level of cyber attack using big data or artificial intelligence technologies are being studied. In this paper, a cyber attack path analysis method using attack tree and RFI is proposed as a basic algorithm for the development of an automated cyber attack path prediction system. The attack path is visualized using the attack tree, and the priority of the path that can move to the next step is determined using the RFI technique in each attack step. Based on the proposed mechanism, it can contribute to the development of an automated cyber attack path prediction system using big data and deep learning technology.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.08a
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• pp.401-409
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• 2021

This study is a case study of artificial intelligence education subjects in the graduate school of education. The main educational contents consisted of understanding and practice of machine learning, data analysis, actual artificial intelligence using Entries, artificial intelligence and physical computing. As a result of the survey on the educational effect after the application of the curriculum, it was found that the students preferred the use of the Entry AI block and the use of the Blacksmith board as a physical computing tool as the priority applied to the elementary education field. In addition, the data analysis area is effective in linking math data and graph education. As a physical computing tool, Husky Lens is useful for scalability by using image processing functions for self-driving car maker education. Suggestions for desirable AI education include training courses by level and reinforcement of data collection and analysis education.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.8B
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• pp.509-520
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a real-time sensor node platform that guarantees the real-time scheduling of periodic and aperiodic tasks through a multitask-based software decomposition technique. Since existing sensor networking operation systems available in literature are not capable of supporting the real-time scheduling of periodic and aperiodic tasks, the preemption of aperiodic task with high priority can block periodic tasks, and so periodic tasks are likely to miss their deadlines. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of how to structure periodic or aperiodic task decomposition in real-time sensor-networking platforms as regard to guaranteeing the deadlines of all the periodic tasks and aiming to providing aperiodic tasks with average good response time. A case study based on real system experiments is conducted to illustrate the application and efficiency of the multitask-based dynamic component execution environment in the sensor node equipped with a low-power 8-bit microcontroller, an IEEE802.15.4 compliant 2.4GHz RF transceiver, and several sensors. It shows that our periodic and aperiodic task decomposition technique yields efficient performance in terms of three significant, objective goals: deadline miss ratio of periodic tasks, average response time of aperiodic tasks, and processor utilization of periodic and aperiodic tasks.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.20-34
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• 1983

A phenomenon in the unplanned urban sprawl of Cheong-ju city has to be rest-rained from disposing and to develop, though progress in urbanization inevitably decreases rural area. So, this thesis aims at reviewing, revising and guiding toward the more effective land use planning practice and zoning mechanism and system of Cheong-ju city. I proposed that land use planning should be had several factors and thereupon that Korean zoning mechanism and system including Building Code should be amended because of inducing human activities in buildings and facilities not to demarcate and plan every one of them. First, the factors of urban planning are a rather diversified approach to it than a unified, supplementation of the applicable difference in time between preparing and appling it, a solid controlling system, a micro and macro planning theory and giving serious consideration for the inertia from the existing land use. Second, the applicable amendments for our zoning mechanism including Eluding Code are as follows; a need of reorganization for Zoning Ordinance appricated to different regulation concerning a scale and peculiarity of a oily, a decision of the different earmarked confinement in area to different zone ana from Zoning Ordinance in City Planning Law, a demarcated facilities and the more detailed land use concerning human activies than the exsisting and entrusting decision on the ways and processes of it to every rural city planning committee, a settlement of zone ana area considering for block-unit and Planned Unit Development(P. U. D.), and a need of security jurisprudence in order to solve the zoning regulation rather in City Planning Law than in Building Code that our zoning regulation and controlling system are depended on. According to these applicable amendments to Cheong-ju city, I proposed the conceptions of Cheong-ju city land use planning are as follows; a reinforcement with one cored pattern of urban land use, a selection of gradual urban sprawl by way of city development and renewal, a strengthening accessibility to the core of the city with Plurizing the system of arterial roads, a choice of priority to conservation at the core of tile city and security of open spaces and parking area at the area of the city, a harmonization between development and conservation at the inner ring area that is situated between the core and periphery reserved area in order to develop in the future, a buffered open space situated at the congested area with heterogenous functions, and a completion of urban open space system. The proposal made here so far is for the hope of the better structure of Cheong-ju city that should be granted to the peculiarity developed with educational, cultural, conservative and self-sufficient city functions.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 1999

Manure management is a top priority on both dairy and swine farrns at present. This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of different types and N rates of liquid manure on forage yield and quality of oats(Avena sativa L.) in Suweon, 1997. Seven treatments consisting of chemical fertilizer $120kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$, liquid cattle manure 120, 240 and $360kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$, and liquid swine manure 120, 240 and $360kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. As increasing N rate of the liquid manure, the plant height was increased, but dry matter content of oats was decreased as increasing liquid manure N rate. There were significant differences in dry matter yield of oats among the liquid manure N rates(P<0.05). Crude protein(CP) content of oats ranged from 14.7 to 24.1% (P<0.05), and CP yield was orderly ranked as liquid swine manure $360kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$>liquid cattle manure $360kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$>liquid swine manure $240kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$(P<0.05). Acid detergent fiber(ADF) content of the liquid cattle manure treatment showed a slightly higher than that of the liquid swine manure treatment(P<0.05). Neutral detergent fiber(NDF) content of the liquid cattle manure treatment was lower than that of the liquid swine manure treatment(P<0.05). Relative feed value(RFV) of the liquid cattle manure treatment decreased with increasing liquid manure N rates compared with that of the liquid swine manure treatment. Based on the results of this experiment, it is indicates that to increase the N rates from liquid manure application could be obtained from the increase of forage yield.