• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2018

Background: The purpose of this prospective randomized single-blind clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of tilting the head on the anesthetic efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Methods: Ninety-two patients were divided into two groups: the first group received IANB and the head was tilted in the direction of the block for 15 min, whereas the second group received IANB and the head was tilted to the opposite side. Access cavity preparation was initiated after 15 min. Success was defined as no pain or faint/weak/mild pain during endodontic access preparation and instrumentation. The anesthetic success rates were analyzed by Pearson chi-square test at 5% significance levels. Results: The same side position and opposite side position yielded 41% and 30% anesthetic success rates, respectively; there was no significant difference between the two sides. Conclusions: Relative head position has no effect on the anesthetic success rate of IANB.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제57권3호
• /
• pp.264-269
• /
• 2021

A single postlarva (9.72 mm in standard length) specimen of Crossorhombus azureus (Alcock, 1889) belonging to the family Bothidae, was collected using a bongo net from the southern sea of Korea on December 10, 2019. This species is characterized by having spines on post basipterygial processes. It has two eyes located at the opposite side in head, which accordingly belongs to pre-metamorphosis stage. Melanophores are distributed on the dorsal and anal fin base on the right side (blind side), which is regarded as a useful identification key distinguishing C. azureus from congeneric species in their postlarval stage. A molecular analysis based on mitochondrial DNA COI sequences showed that our specimen was closely matched to adult C. azureus (K2P distance = 0.017). As there is no Korean name for the genus Crossorhombus in spite of presence of Crossorhombus kobensis and its Korean name "Go-be-dung-geul-neob-chi" in Korea, we proposed a new Korean name "Dung-geul-neob-chi-sog" for the genus Crossorhombus and "Pa-lang-dung-geul-neob-chi" for the species C. azureus.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.372-378
• /
• 2007

A well known Ayurvedic formulation Ashokarista, used for menstrual disorders has been studied in a single blind randomised placebo controlled clinical trial for the treatment of menorrhagia and dysmenorrhoea. Dysmenorrhoea and menorrhagia patients who were taking Ashokarista (20 ml twice daily) for 10 menstrual cycles had an increase in haemoglobin level. Menorrhagia treated group has shown to reduce the erythrocyte sedimentation rate level that has been increased in the menorrhagia control group. The platelet count, total count and differential count were observed unchanged in the study. The Ashokarista did not affect the SGPT and SGOT level, which signify its lack of toxicity in hepatic function. The treated menorrhagic patients showed an increase in serum albumin content and decrease in blood clotting time, whereas the serum protein content was observed unchanged. There was a significant increase in both serum cholesterol and triglyceride level, which usually associated with the use of oral contraceptives. No major side effects were observed by the clinicians during the study.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.109-120
• /
• 2003

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy of EC102, a composition containing oriental medicine, for relieving VDT syndrome, including eye symptoms and musculo-skeletal symptoms. Methods: The study was conducted by using a double blind randomized controlled trial design. 40 subjects were randomly assigned to the placebo group or the EC102 group. The visual analogous scale (VAS) was used to evaluate various VDT symptoms, including eye pain, eye fatigue, back pain, shoulder pain and so on. Refractory indexes were measured using refractometer, and tear film break-up time (BUT) were measured using fluorescein strip. Blood circulation was measured using photo-plethysmography. Blood pressure and blood biochemistry were also measured. Statistical analysis was conducted by a Mann-Whitney test using SPSS 9.0 software. Results: The EC102 group showed a statistically significant reduction of eye symptoms including eye fatigue, eyelid fatigue, itching, pain, and photophobia when compared with the placebo group (P<0.05). The EC102 group also showed a statistically significant reduction of back pain compared with the placebo group (P<0.05). No side effects on liver function and blood biochemistry were observed. Conclusions: EC102 has significant clinical efficacy for relieving symptoms of VDT syndrome.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제9권6호
• /
• pp.673-676
• /
• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Lactobacillus brevis G101 suppresses the absorption of monosodium glutamate (MSG) from the intestine into the blood in mice. Therefore, the attenuating effect of orally administered G101 on monosodium glutamate (MSG) symptom complex was investigated in humans MATERIALS/METHODS: Capsules (300 mg) containing Lactobacillus brevis G101 ($1{\times}10^{10}CFU/individual$) or maltodextrin (placebo) was orally administered in 30 respondents with self-recognized monosodium glutamate (MSG) symptom complex for 5 days and the rice with black soybean sauce containing 6 g MSG (RBSM) was ingested 30 min after the final administration. Thereafter, the MSG symptom complex (rated on a 5-point scale: 1, none; 5, strong) was investigated in a double blind placebo controlled study. The intensity of the MSG symptom complex was significantly reduced in respondents of the G101 intake group ($2.87{\pm}0.73$) compared to that in those treated with the placebo ($3.63{\pm}1.03$) (P = 0.0016). Respondents in the placebo group exhibited more of the various major conditions of the MSG symptom complex than in the G101 intake group. Although there was no significant difference in the appearance time of the MSG symptom complex between subjects orally administered G101 and those administered the placebo, its disappearance in < 3 h was observed in 69.9% of subjects in the G101 treatment group and in 38.0% of subjects in the placebo group (P = 0.0841). CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of Lactobacillus brevis G101 may be able to reduce the intensity of the MSG symptom complex.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2007

As ecological design elements, daylighting can be applied to provide adequate illumination on visual tasks to create an attractive visual environment and to save electrical energy. Daylighting control systems reject direct sunlight and penetrate it onto the ceiling or to deep into the room. This study aims to evaluate the luminance environment of sloped light guide with automated venetian blind systems according to sun angle changes. For evaluation, a mock-up model was used and the south facing side-window mounted between the clerestory window and the view window. To assess luminance performance, 3 view points of luminance were monitored. As results, the conventional and lightshelves show ideal luminance ratio between workplane and surroundings(3:1) and workplane and darkness area(2:1) due to total ratio of surroundings and darkness area has lower ratio than workplane. Compared to the lightshelves window, conventional window shows unrelieved effect in between the workplane and brightness area(1:5). It means that there has low deviation according to the required standards. Also, compared to the ratio between the brightness area and darkness area(2~6:1) conventional window with high deviation(10~20:1) provide discomfort glare due to the excessively strong contrast, while lightshelves window shows a required luminance ratio that provide a three-dimensional effect to occupants. Therefore, luminance distribution indicate that application of a lightshelves and blinds not only has a significantly positive effect but also offers higher luminance quality in a daylit room

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.5-10
• /
• 2007

Purpose: This study examined whether or not the balance performing ability of the disabled (blindness and deafness) is lower than normal people. Chronometry was used to compare the balance maintaining ability of blind and deaf subjects with that of normal subjects under the same conditions. Methods: In this study, balance foam, eye bandage, earplugs and headphones were used. The balance foam used in this study is smooth with slight elasticity and a convex upper side, 60cm wide, 15cm long and 9cm high. The eye bandage was used to artificially block the sight of the normal subjects, and the earplugs and headphones to block their hearing. Results: The mean time of the normal subjects standing with their eyes open, blindfolded and wearing ear plugs was 26.7, 19.8 and 28.7sec, respectively. The mean standing maintaining time for the blind and deaf subjects was 12.5 sec and 24.1 sec, respectively. The t-test result of the calculated mean time showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between the normal subjects and the normal subjects with their hearing blocked but there was a significant difference between the normal subjects with their hearing blocked and the deaf subjects (p>0.05). Conclusion: There was significance between the normal subjects and the normal subjects with their eyes blocked but there was no significant difference between the normal subjects with their eyes blocked and the blind subjects. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the deaf and the normal subjects, which corresponds to the report showing that sight has a significant influence on balance.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.331-337
• /
• 2020

Blind rivet nuts (BRNs) are increasingly used in automotive industry because unlike conventional bolt fastening, BRN fastening requires access from one side only. Generally, fastening is conducted using automated units, but manual fastening may be resorted to in case of small quantities. Since the fastening direction is not exactly perpendicular to the sheet metal, the BRN axis is tilted with respect to the plate and may result in damage or incomplete fastening. As the tilt angle (clamping angle α) increases, undesired plate deformation occurs and the contact area of the plate with the BRN fastening area decreases, reducing the clamping effect. In this study, the reduction of the clamping effect with the α was investigated to ensure stable fastening force. M6 BRNs were used in the tests. The fastening force was measured as follows: the plate was cut in half through the center of the hole; the BRN was inserted into the hole and fastened; and the clamping angle a was measured (values, 0° ≤ α ≤ 9°). The force leading to the separation of the halves was measured using a universal testing machine (UTM). The maximum α range, in which the fastening force remains stable, was determined. Finite element (FE) analysis confirmed that the fastening force decreases approximately linearly with increasing α. Based on the experiment and FE analysis using various α, the fastening force was found to decrease with α. Further, the maximum tolerance for α that provides secure fastening without damage is suggested.

• 도시과학
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2018

Digital Twin is a technology that creates a photocopy of real-world objects on a computer and analyzes the past and present operational status by fusing the structure, context, and operation of various physical systems with property information, and predicts the future society's countermeasures. In particular, 3D rendering technology (UAS, LiDAR, GNSS, etc.) is a core technology in digital twin. so, the research and application are actively performed in the industry in recent years. However, UAS (Unmanned Aerial System) and LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) have to be solved by compensating blind spot which is not reconstructed according to the object shape. In addition, the terrestrial LiDAR can acquire the point cloud of the object more precisely and quickly at a short distance, but a blind spot is generated at the upper part of the object, thereby imposing restrictions on the forward digital twin modeling. The UAS is capable of modeling a specific range of objects with high accuracy by using high resolution images at low altitudes, and has the advantage of generating a high density point group based on SfM (Structure-from-Motion) image analysis technology. However, It is relatively far from the target LiDAR than the terrestrial LiDAR, and it takes time to analyze the image. In particular, it is necessary to reduce the accuracy of the side part and compensate the blind spot. By re-optimizing it after fusion with UAS and Terrestrial LiDAR, the residual error of each modeling method was compensated and the mutual correction result was obtained. The accuracy of fusion-based 3D model is less than 1cm and it is expected to be useful for digital twin construction.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.110-118
• /
• 2016

Background: Nefopam is a non-opioid, non-steroidal, centrally acting analgesic drug. The concomitant use of opioids and nefopam is believed to have many advantages over the administration of opioids alone for postoperative pain management. We conducted a randomized, double-blind study to determine the fentanyl-sparing effect of co-administration of nefopam with fentanyl for postoperative pain management via patient controlled analgesia (PCA). Methods: Ninety female patients who underwent laparoscopic total hysterectomy under general anesthesia were randomized into 3 groups, Group A, fentanyl $1,000{\mu}g$; Group B, fentanyl $500{\mu}g$ + nefopam 200 mg; and Group C, fentanyl $500{\mu}g$ + nefopam 400 mg, in a total volume of 100 ml PCA to be administered over the first 48 h postoperatively without basal infusion. The primary outcome was total fentanyl consumption during 48 h; secondary outcomes included pain scores and incidence of side effects. Results: Eighty-one patients were included in the analysis. The overall fentanyl-sparing effects of PCA with concomitant administration of nefopam during the first 48 h postoperatively were 54.5% in Group B and 48.9% group C. Fentanyl use was not significantly different between Groups B and C despite the difference in the nefopam dose. There were no differences among the three groups in terms of PCA-related side effects, although the overall sedation score of Group B was significantly lower than that of Group A. Conclusions: The concomitant administration of nefopam with fentanyl for postoperative pain management may allow reduction of fentanyl dose, thereby reducing the risk of opioid-related adverse effects.