• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2003년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.322-325
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• 2003

The feasibility of treating 2-chlorophenol (2CP) contaminated soils with ozone venting was investigated in this research. Adding ozone to the existing air-venting process provides an alternative to achieve a complete in-situ treatment by oxidizing the contaminant in the process. A column study with artificial soil was used to simulate the venting process. Ozone concentrations at 2.4, 7.6 and 19.4 mg/L, and flow rates at 100 and 150 mL/min were used. The reaction times were 10, 20, 50, and 60 minutes. Blank samples using air venting were also run for comparison. It is obvious that ozone-venting had a much faster removal rate than air-venting. As higher concentration of ozone is applied, the reaction rate increased significantly. As higher concentration was applied, the flux of ozone to the liquid film increased. This also increased the removal rate of 2CP and therefore the breakthrough curve came out earlier.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2009

In order to investigate the formability of friction stir welded(FSW) tailor welded blanks(TWB) with respect to the base material's directional combination, aluminum alloy AA6111-T4 sheets were welded with three different conjoining types: RD-RD, TD-RD and TD-TD. Here, RD and TD represent rolling and transverse directions, respectively. For experimental formability study, three tests with gradual complexity were performed: the simple tension test with various weld line directions for uni-axial elongation, the hemisphere dome stretching test for biaxial stretching and the cylindrical cup deep drawing test. As a result, all three forming tests showed that RD-RD type samples exhibited the best formability, while TD-TD type sheets showed the least formability performance.

• 천문학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2003

Deep surveys at mid-infared through submillimeter wavelengths indicate that a substantial fraction of the total luminosity output from galaxies at high redshift (z > 1) emerges at wavelengths 30 - 300${\mu}m$. In addition, much of the star formation and AGN activity associated with galaxy building at these epochs appears to reside in a class of luminous infrared galaxies (LIGs), often so heavily enshrouded in dust that they appear as 'blank-fields' in deep optical/UV surveys. Here we present an update on the state of our current knowledge of the cosmic evolution of LIGs from z = 0 to z $\~$ 4 based on the most recent data obtained from ongoing ground-based redshift surveys of sources detected in ISO and SCUBA deep fields. A scenario for the origin and evolution of LIGs in the local Universe (z < 0.3), based on results from multiwavelength observations of several large complete samples of luminous IRAS galaxies, is then discussed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.1907-1914
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• 2010

A novel catalytic kinetic method is proposed for the determination of Se(IV), Se(VI) and total inorganic selenium in water based on the catalytic effect of Se(IV) on the reduction of bromate by p-nitrophenylhydrazine at pH 3.0. The generated bromine, $Br_2$ or $Cl_2$ plus $Br_2$ in 0.1 M NaCl (or NaBr) environment efficiently decolorized Calmagite and the reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically at 523 nm as a function of time. In this indicator reaction, bromide acted as an activator for the catalysis of selenium (IV) and a reducing agent for selenium (VI) at pH 3.0, which allowed the determination of total selenium. The fixed time method was adopted for the determination and speciation of inorganic selenium. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph are linear in the range 1 - 35 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$ of Se(IV) for the fixed time method at $25^{\circ}C$. The detection limit based on statistical $3S_{blank}$/m-criterion was 0.215 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$ for the fixed time method (7 min). All of the variables that affect the sensitivity at 523 nm were investigated, and the optimum conditions were established. The interference effect of various cations and anions on the Se (IV) determination was also studied. The selectivity of the selenium determination was greatly improved with the use of the strongly cation exchange resin such as Amberlite IR120 plus. The proposed kinetic method was validated statistically and through recovery studies in natural water samples. The RSDs for ten replicate measurements of 5, 15 and 25 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$ of Se(IV) and Se(VI) was changed between 2.1 - 4.85%. Analyses of a certified standard reference material (NIST SRM 1643e) for selenium using the fixed-time method showed that the proposed kinetic method has good accuracy. Se(IV), Se(VI) and total inorganic selenium in environmental water samples have been successfully determined by this method after selective reduction of Se(VI) to Se(IV).

• 분석과학
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.228-235
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• 2015

본 연구는 지하수 중 라듐(²²⁶Ra) 분석을 위해 고상추출디스크(solid phase extraction disk)를 이용한 감마선분광분석법(이하 고상추출디스크법)을 제안하고 액체섬광계수기를 이용한 액체섬광계수(liquid scintillation counter, LSC)법 및 마리넬리비커(Marinelli beaker)를 이용한 감마선분광분석기(gamma ray spectrometer)법(이하 마리넬리비커법)과의 회수율 비교를 통해 적용성을 검토하였다. ²²⁶Ra을 회수한 고상추출디스크는 딸핵종의 방출을 방지하기 위해 폴리에틸렌 필름으로 밀봉 후 감마선분광분석기로 분석하였다. 24일 경과 후, ²²⁶Ra과 딸핵종인 ²¹⁴Bi과 ²¹⁴Pb이 방사평형 된 것으로 확인되었다. 라듐 표준물질을 이용하여 고상추출디스크법으로 분석한 딸핵종 ²¹⁴Bi와 ²¹⁴Pb의 회수율은 각각 80% (295.21 Kev)와 104% (351.92 Kev)로 액체섬광계수법보다 높게 나타났다. 바탕시료(blank) 측정시 감마선분광분석기 챔버내 질소를 주입했을 경우는 주입하지 않았을 경우보다 간섭치가 약 10% 이하로 낮아지는 것을 확인하였으며, 5 L 시료를 8만초 동안 측정한 검출한계는 0.17~0.40 pCi/L로 분석되어 미국 EPA 기준치인 1pCi/L를 만족하였다. 고상추출디스크법과 액체섬광계수법을 이용한 7개 지하수 시료 분석 결과, 두 방법의 상관계수(correlation coefficient)는 0.987로 나타나 추가적인 분석을 통해 통계적 유의성을 확보한다면 고상추출디스크법의 적용가능성이 높을 것으로 판단된다. 결과적으로, 고상추출디스크법을 이용한 지하수 중 ²²⁶Ra 농도 분석은 전처리 과정이 비교적 단순하여 분석시간이 절약되고 높은 회수율과 낮은 검출한계치 등의 장점을 가지고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 고상추출디스크법은 액체섬광계수법과 마리넬리비커법에 비해 많은 양의 시료를 전처리하기 쉽기 때문에 저준위 시료 분석에 유용할 것으로 판단된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2001

연구배경 : 비강 점막을 통한 약물의 이동이나 대사 등은 실험 동물을 이용한 약력학적인 연구가 이루어져 왔으나 사람의 비강 점막 상피세포의 투과에 대한 연구는 없는 실정이다. 따라서 저자 등은 air-liquid interface (ALI) 방법으로 세포를 배양하여 그 미세구조와 in vitro에서 비강점막 상피세포에 대한 mannitol의 투과도를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 만성 부비동염 환자의 내시경을 이용한 부비동 수술시 정상 하비갑개의 조직을 채취하여 ALI 방법을 이용하여 transwell내에 monolayer로 상피세포를 배양하였으며 blank filter, 배양 5일째 및 7일째에 transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) 값을 측정하고 투과전자현미경을 이용하여 견고연접(tight junction)의 형성을 확인하였다. 배양된 세포의 mannitol의 투과도를 알아보기 위해 12일째에 $^{14}C$가 부착된 mannitol $4{\mu}mol$을 배양액과 함께 투여하고 1시간 동안 10분 간격으로 % leakage를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 사람의 비강 상피세포는 7일 내에 confluent monolayer로 배양되었으며 투과전자현미경상 섬모와 견고 연접의 형성이 잘 관찰되었다. TEER 값은 blank filter는 $108.5\;ohm.cm^2$, 배양 5일째는 $141\;ohm.cm^2$, 배양 7일째는 $177.5\;ohm.cm^2$로 측정되었다. Mono-layer를 통한 $^{14}C$-mannitol의 % leakage는 10분, 20분, 30분, 40분, 50분, 60분에 각각 $35.67{\pm}5.43$, $34.42{\pm}5.60$, $32.75{\pm}5.71$, $31.76{\pm}4.22$, $30.96{\pm}3.49$, $29.60{\pm}3.68%$로 나타났다. 결 론 : ALI 방법으로 배양된 사람의 정상 비강점막 상피세포는 생체와 유사하게 배양되어 세포의 투과도(transcellular permeability) 를 알아보는데 적합하며 in vitro에서 비강점막을 통한 약물의 transport에 대한 연구에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.559-563
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• 2012

An analytical method for the simultaneous determination of veterinary medicines (amprolium and decoquinate) in cattle and chicken's muscle by HPLC/UV-vis was established. Samples were extracted by a HLB (Hydrophilic-Liphophilic Balance) cartridge with acetonitrile and methanol. Prior to HPLC injection, a mixture solvent (Water:MeOH, 1:1) was utilized as a reconstitution solvent. Chromatographic separation was achieved with a C18 column ($250{\times}4.6mm$, $5{\mu}m$) using gradient elution with 20 mM HFBA and MeOH:ACN (1:1.8). The calibration curves from the spiked blank matrix showed good linearity (above $r^2$=0.997) in the concentration range of $0.13-12.0mg\;kg^{-1}$. The relative recovery (accuracy) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were in the range of 78.5-107.1% and $0.13-0.42mg\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. The developed method can be used to determine under the MRL (Maximum Residue Limits) levels of veterinary medicines in animal tissues.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to check the validation of an auto-analysis method combined with aqua regia digestion apparatus for improvement of water distillation method used as a fluorine test of soil. Fluorine contents of CaO used in the pretreatment course of water distillation method were 120 mg/kg ~ 5,064 mg/kg at the blank test, which was exceeded up to maximum 12.5 times of the soil standard, so it was estimated due to a effect of fluorine existing as impurities of CaO. The recovery test of the same samples indicated that water distillation method and auto-analysis method were 134.5mg/kg and 161.7mg/kg respectively, the recovery ratio of the latter was 16.8% higher than the formal. The validation test of two methods satisfied the standard, but auto analysis method was excellent more than distillation method. Also, auto analysis method could save a analysis time up to maximum 4.7 times by comparison with water distillation method.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.429-433
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• 2003

This study was aimed to develop a more rapid, simple and sensitive method to determine ceftiofur in bovine serum using LC/MS with electrospray interface. Separation was achieved on the Nova-Pak $C_{18}$ reverse phase column. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% acetic add in water (A) and acetonitrile (B) and gradiently flowed at the rate of 0.4 mL/min. As a result of analysis of blank muscle samples, matrix interference was not shown. Limit of detection and limit of quantitaion was 5 ng/g and 20 ng/g, respectively. The values of precision and recovery satisfied the guideline of NVRQS. The precision and recovery developed in this method are suitable and sensitive to determine the concentration of ceftiofur in the bovine serum. These results could be applied for the confirmation and quantification in the biofluid.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2003

A liquid chromatographic method, using matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) is developed for the extraction of residual furazolidone in chicken eggs. Blank or fortified egg samples (0.5 g) were blended with Octadecylsilyl (Bulk $C_{18}$, 40${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, 18%. load, endcapped. 2 g) derivatized silica. After homogenization, $C_{18}$/egg and Na$_2$S $O_4$matrix were transferred to a column made of 10 ml glass syringe and filter paper and compressed 4.0∼4.5 ml volume. The column was washed with 8 ml of hexane and dried under $N_2$ gas. Furazolidone was eluted with acetonitrile (8 ml) under gravity. The eluate containing furazolidone was free from interfering compounds when analyzed by HPLC with UV detection (365 nm, photodiode array). Calibration curves were linear (r = 0.99985) and inter- (1.47%) and intra-assay (5.29%) variabilities for the concentration range examined (7.8∼497 ng/g of eggs, 20 ${mu}ell$ injection volume) were indicative of an acceptable methodology for the analysis of furazolidone. Average recovery of furazolidone added to egg was 96.2%. The limit of detection for the proposed method was 1 ng/g for furazolidone. The method using MSPD is proposed as an alternative assay to the classical method which involves the use of large volumes of a harmful solvent and requires a long tedious separation and clean-up processes prior to its determination.