• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2012년도 제45회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.201-204
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• 2012

Combustion characteristics of boiler fuels made of bio-oil and light-oil were experimentally investigated. Bio-oil was obtained by fast pyrolysis of woody biomass. Emulsion fuel made by mixing bio-oil (up to 30wt%) with light-oil and surfactant was completely burnt, resulting in the formation of combusted gas containing CO concentration less than 10ppm. Simple mixtures of bio-oil and light-oil with separate delivery lines also gave nice combustion characteristics.

• 공업화학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2012

비식용 바이오매스로부터 합성액체연료를 생산하기 위해 바이오매스 가스화와 Fisher-Tropsch (FT) 반응을 연계하는 바이오매스 액화(BTL) 공정이 개발되고 있다. 그러나 바이오매스 가스화 내에 포함되어 있는 $H_2S$, COS 및 $CO_2$는 FT 반응의 효율을 저하시키고 촉매를 피독시키는 원인이 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 합성가스 내에 포함된 산성가스들의 제거를 위해 lab-scale 메탄올 흡수탑을 제작하여 산성가스 제거 특성을 고찰하였다. 메탄올 흡수탑 내의 온도, 압력, 메탄올 사용량 및 산성가스 농도에 따른 제거 성능의 영향을 고찰하였다. 메탄올 흡수탑은 $H_2S$, COS의 제거와 동시에 이산화탄소를 효율적으로 제거하여 바이오매스 액화 공정에 효율적으로 이용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2007

Rice straw, produced as an agricultural by-product, is usable biomass as fuels if depolymerized to monomer unit, because the chemical structure are similar to high octane materials found in gasoline. In this study, parameters of thermochemical degradation by solvolysis reaction of rice straw such as the effect of reaction temperature, reaction time and type of solvent on conversion yield and degradation products were investigated. It was found that the effectiveness of the solvent on the solvolysis reaction was as follows; acetone>cresol>butanol. When acetone was used as a solvent, the highest rice straw conversion was observed to be 91.5% at $500^{\circ}C$, 40 min. Combustion heating value of liquid products from thermochemical conversion processes was in the range of 7,380 cal/g. The energy yield and mass yield in acetone-solvolysis of rice straw was as high as 69.0% and 38.2 g-oil/100g-raw material after 40 min of reaction at $350^{\circ}C$. Various aliphatic and aromatic compounds were detected in the rice straw solvolysis products. The major components of the solvolysis products, that could be used as fuel, were 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclopentan-1-one as ketones.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.553-558
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• 2010

Increasing demands on fossil fuel have led to the unprecedented attraction to microalgal biofuel as an alternative energy. In this study, we investigated growth and lipid productions of microalga Nannochloris oculata under various carbon dioxide or nitrogen source concentrations and irradiance conditions. Biomass production of N. oculata was highest under 2% $CO_2$ with 0.3 flow rate (vvm). In addition, biomass productivities were proportional to the concentration of nitrogen source, whereas lipid biosynthesis was suppressed under higher nitrogen concentration (up to 50 mg/L). High irradiation ($160{\sim}180\;{\mu}mol/m^2{\cdot}s$) enhanced growth rate and lipid production of N. oculata.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.455-463
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• 2021

This study investigated the biomass content of fluff type SRF(Solid refuse fuel) operated in B city according to the physical composition. As a result of analyzing the physical composition of SRF, it was investigated that papers 25.2%, fiber 15.1%, vinyl·plastics 42.6%, woods 9.4%, rubbers 1.5%, diapers 3.2% and incombustibles 3.0%. The average of ash and combustible content of SRF was 10.5% and 89.5%, and the higher the proportion of paper and wood, the lower proportion of ash. In addition, the biomass of SRF is 24.9%~58.0%, with an average of 42.6%.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2016

Our aim was to identify the potential of reed stalk as a raw materials for biomass pellet production. Compared to woody biomass, reed stalk contained significant levels of ash. The holocellulose content of reed stalk was similar to that of larch, but the lignin content of reed stalk was lower than that of larch. In the elemental analysis, chlorine content of reed stalk was much higher than that of larch, and satisfied only the mixed biomass pellet B of European non-woody pellet standards(EN 14961-6). In quantitative analysis of the ash, heavy metals contents of reed stalk satisfied European non-woody pellet standards. Higher heating value of oven-dried reed stalk pellet was slightly lower than that of larch wood pellet. The durability of reed stalk pellet was lower than that of larch wood pellet. The results of this study indicate that reed stalk might be used as a raw material of mixed biomass pellet B.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.386-403
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• 2016

Biofuels produced from biomass can be substituted for petroleum fuels due to GHG reduction, sustainability and environmental friendly. The process technologies that convert biomass into biofuels are varied and depend on the feedstocks. Microalgae are considered to be one of the most promising alternative source to the conventional feedstocks for biofuel. Microalgae can be converted to biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas and biojet fuel via thermolchemical and biochemical production technologies. This reviews discusses recent advance in understanding the effects of the characteristics of various processes on the production of biofuels using microalgae. The performances of microalgae based biofuel are compared.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2009

In this study, thermochemical degradation by acetone solvolysis reaction of siberian spruce wood was investigated for a temperature range of $200{\sim}400^{\circ}C$. The liquid products by acetone solvolysis from siberian spruce wood produced various kinds of aliphatics, cyclic compounds and aromatics included phenols etc. Combustion heating value of liquid products by acetone solvolysis conversion processes was in the range of $8,010{\sim}8,180cal/g$. The energy yield in acetone solvolysis of siberian spruce wood was as high as 74.2% after 40min of reaction at $400^{\circ}C$. The liquid products from the thermochemical conversion of siberian spruce wood could be used as high-octane-value fuels and fuel additives.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.509-546
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• 2010

석탄은 중요한 에너지원이지만 가장 "기후비친화적인" 연료로 알려져 있다. 석탄의 생산과 소비를 줄이기 위해서는 일반적으로 탄소세나 환경세, 배출권거래제가 정책수단으로 지금까지 많이 논의되어 왔다. 그러나 석탄에 대한 보조금이 일반화되어 있는 우리나라의 경우, 환경세나 배출권거래제보다는 보조금 제도를 점진적으로 철폐하는 것이 시장왜곡을 줄이는 데에 더 적절할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 석탄에 대한 보조금을 폐지하고, 여기서 발생하는 재원을 석탄과 연료 호환성이 뛰어난 목질계 바이오매스의 원활한 대체를 위해 가격보조 혹은 공공지출 확대에 이용할 경우 어떤 방식이 더 우수하며, 미거시적 영향과 온실가스 저감에 미치는 영향은 어떻게 나타나는지를 연산가능일반균형모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과 비록 이중배당가설이 성립하지는 않지만, 공공지출보다는 가격보조 방식이 소비자 후생에 대한 부정적인 영향이 더 적고, 단위당 온실가스 배출비용이 더 적은 것으로 평가되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.459-463
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• 2015

This study evaluated the microbial conversion of coconut oil waste, a major agro-residue in tropical countries, into single cell oil (SCO) feedstock for biodiesel production. Copra cake was used as a low-cost renewable substrate without any prior chemical or enzymatic pretreatment for submerged growth of an oleaginous tropical mangrove fungus, Aspergillus terreus IBB M1. The SCO extracted from fermented biomass was converted into fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) by transesterification and evaluated on the basis of fatty acid profiles and key fuel properties for biodiesel. The fungus produced a biomass (8.2 g/l) yielding 257 mg/g copra cake SCO with ~98% FAMEs. The FAMEs were mainly composed of saturated methyl esters (61.2%) of medium-chain fatty acids (C12-C18) with methyl oleate (C18:1; 16.57%) and methyl linoleate (C18:2; 19.97%) making up the unsaturated content. A higher content of both saturated FAMEs and methyl oleate along with the absence of polyunsaturated FAMEs with ≥4 double bonds is expected to impart good fuel quality. This was evident from the predicted and experimentally determined key fuel properties of FAMEs (density, kinematic viscosity, iodine value, acid number, cetane number), which were in accordance with the international (ASTM D6751, EN 14214) and national (IS 15607) biodiesel standards, suggesting their suitability as a biodiesel fuel. The low cost, renewable nature, and easy availability of copra cake, its conversion into SCO without any thermochemical pretreatment, and pelleted fungal growth facilitating easier downstream processing by simple filtration make this process cost effective and environmentally favorable.