• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.537-542
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• 2011

Biological or physiological genes that regulate metabolism and energy partitioning have the potential to influence economically important traits such as carcass and meat quality traits in beef cattle. The neuropeptide Y (NPY) functions as a central appetite stimulator and plays a major role in feed intake and energy-balance control. Therefore, the NPY gene is an excellent biological and physiological candidate gene for body weight, feeding, fatness or growth related traits in beef cattle. The objective of this study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NPY gene and to evaluate the association of NPY SNP markers with carcass and meat quality traits in Korean cattle. The genomic region (711 bp) including intron 2 of NPY gene was amplified and sequenced, and five SNPs, g.4389 Del(C), g.4371Del(C), g.4271T>C, g.1899A>G and g.1517A>C, were identified. The PCR-RFLP method was then developed to genotype the individuals examined. The g.4271T>C SNP was significantly associated with M. Longissimus dori area (LDA) value (p<0.027). Animals with the TT ($78.144{\pm}0.950\;cm^2$) genotype had higher LDA than those with the CC ($72.266{\pm}2.039\;cm^2$), and animals with TC genotype showed intermediate value. This SNP genotype also showed a highly significant additive genetic effect for the LDA (p<0.01). No significant associations, however, was detected between any of the SNP genotype and other carcass traits measured in this study. In conclusion, SNP genotype of the NPY gene may be used as DNA markers to select animals that have a higher meat yield.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• v.10
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• pp.7-7
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• 2000

A high $T_c$ SQUID system is developed for the application to biological immunoassay. In this application, magnetic nanoparticles are used as magnetic markers to perform immunoassay, i.e., to detect binding reaction between an antigen and its antibody. The antibody is labeled with ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3\;(or\;Fe_3O_4)$ nanoparticles, and the binding reaction can be magnetically detected by measuring the magnetic field from the nanoparticles. Design and set up of the system is described. The system consists of (1) SQUID magnetometer or gradiometer made of 30-deg. bicrystal junctions, (2) field and compensation coils to apply the magnetic field of about 1 mT, (3) special Dewar to realize a 2 mm-distance between the SQUID and the sample, (4) two layers of cylindrical shielding to reduce the extemal magnetic noise to about 1/100, and (5) an electric slider to move the sample with a speed of 10 mm/sec. The sensitivity of the system is studied in terms of detectable magnetic flux. For the measurement bandwidth from 0.2 Hz to 10 Hz, minimum-detectable amplitude of the magnetic flux is $0.8\;m\;{\Phi}_o$ and $0.25\;m{\Phi}_o$ for the magnetometer and the gradiometer, respectively, when the magnetic field of 1 mT is applied. The difference between them is due to the residual environmental noise, and the applied magnetic field does not increase the system noise. The corresponding weight of the magnetic markers is 1 ng and 310 pg, respectively. An experiment is also conducted to measure antigen-antibody reaction with the present system. It is shown that the sensitivity of the present system is 10 times better than that of the conventional method using an optical marker. A one order of magnitude improvement of sensitivity will be realized by the sophistication of the present system.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.445-452
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• 2004

Genetic diversity of sub-Saharan African goats was assessed using 19 microsatellite markers. Breeds were sampled from eastern Africa (Maasai, Kigezi, Mubende, North West Highland, Arsi-Bale), southern Africa (Ndebele, Pafuri) and West Africa (West African Dwarf, Maure, Djallonke). European breeds (Grisons Striped, Toggenburg), Asian breeds (Mongolian Cashmere, Bandipur) and a Middle East breed (Arab) were also included. The mean number of alleles per locus and average gene diversity ranged from 5.26$\pm$0.464 (Djallonke) to 7.05$\pm$0.516 (Mubende) and from 0.542$\pm$0.036 (Pafuri) to 0.672$\pm$0.031 (Ndebele), respectively. The between breeds variation evaluated using $$G_{ST}$$ and $\theta$ were found to account for 14.6% ($\theta$) and 15.7% ($$G_{ST}$$) of the total genetic variation. The $D_{A}$ measure of genetic distance between pairs of breeds indicated that the largest genetic distance was between Pafuri and Djallonke while the lowest genetic distance was between Arsi-Bale and North West Highland. A neighbour-joining tree of breed relationships revealed that the breeds were grouped according to their geographic origins. Principal component analysis supported the grouping of the breeds according to their geographic origins. It was concluded that the relationships of sub-Saharan African goat breeds were according to their geographical locations implying that the goats of eastern Africa, West Africa and southern Africa are genetically distinct. Within each sub-region, goat populations could be differentiated according to morphological characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.116-119
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• 2016

Stable maintenance of telomere is required for cell proliferation and survival. Although telomerase is the primary means for telomere maintenance, recombination is another important pathway to maintain telomeres. In this study, we developed a genetic assay for telomere recombination using the internal $TG_{1-3}$ repeats present in subtelomeric regions of yeast. The recombination frequencies were dependent on the presence of the internal $TG_{1-3}$ repeats. PCR amplification of the regions near URA3 and CAN1 markers using genomic DNA isolated from $FOA^rCan^r$ colonies indicated that each isolate had lost the chromosome end including the markers. In addition, the recombination frequencies increased with longer internal $TG_{1-3}$ repeats. Our results suggest that the $FOA^rCan^r$ colony formation is the consequence of recombination between the internal and terminal $TG_{1-3}$ repeats.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.369-399
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• 2012

Purpose: Health technology research & development is an important area to leading future. This study examined the current trends for 'oncogene' based on the research subject network to deduce a research front. Method: Papers were extracted from PubMed database using MeSH term for studies on 'oncogenes' and further categorized as papers published by Korean. Keywords were collected from all of articles. Research subject network was generated by keywords. Research subject network was analyzed by weighted degree centrality based social network analysis and transition of research subjects was analyzed by the time series. Results: On 'oncogenes', 'Genes, ras', 'Apoptosis', 'Signal Transduction' had a high degree centrality and currently 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Prognosis', and 'Tumor Markers, Biological' were widely conducted. Conclusion: Consistency of research trend pattern was found by analyzing oncogene network with compromised to international vs. domestic trends. Analyzing keyword networks in various subject area, those will allow us to predict the research progress and propose evidence of research & developmental strategy.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2008

Phylogenetic relationships were examined for 17 taxa of Lycoris by RAPD analysis. The length of the amplified DNA fragments ranged from 300 bp to 1,700 bp. 57 scorable RAPD markers were observed from PCR reactions with five random oligoprimers. The analysis by UPGMA sepatated the examined taxa of Lycoris into were clusters. First group was comprised of ten taxa of L. chinensis var. sinuolata, L. sanguinea var. koreana, L. uydoensis, L. flavescens, L. radiata var. pumila, L. radiata, L. squamigera, L. chejuensis, L. aurea and L. guangxiensis, second group of L. haywardii, L. sprengeri, L. rosea, L. straminea and L. houdyshii, third group of outgroup of Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis and Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum. From the viewpoint of cytological characters such as polyploidy and karyotype, the RAPD analysis was very useful to show the relationship among the intraspecific taxa of Lycoris.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2002

Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder with a strong genetic component. There are many candidate genes for obesity and its related phenotypes. We studied genetic variations between Korean obese and lean groups. Polymorphisms investigated were the Msp I polymorphism of the $\alpha$$_{2A}$-adrenergic receptor ($\alpha$$_{2A}$-AR) gene, the Mnl I polymorphism of the $\alpha$$_2$-adrenergic receptor ($\alpha$$_2$-AR) gene, the BstO I polymorphism of the $\beta$$_3$-adrenergic receptor ($\beta$$_3$-AR) gene, the Pml I polymorphism of the lamin A/C (LMNA) gene, the Hga I polymorphism of the clearance receptor (NPRC) gene, the Msp I polymorphism of the leptin gene, BclI polymorphism of the uncoupling protein 1 (UCPI) gene and the Hha I polymorphism of the fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) gene. Among these genetic markers, Pml I polymorphism at the LMNA gene and Bcl I polymorphism at the UCP1 gene were significantly associated with obesity. However, further studies are required whether thease findings are reproduced in large population, although two polymorphisms might be useful as genetic markers in the ethiology of obesity in Korean population.ion.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2003

We analyzed seven Y chromosome binary markers (YAP, RPS4Y_711,\;M9,\;M175,\;LINE1,\;SRY_+465$ and 47z) in samples from a total of 254 males from Koreans and tow Mongolian ethnic groups (Buryat and Khalkh) to study the genetic relationship among these populations. We found eight distinct Y haplogroups constructed from the seven binary markers. Haplogroup DE-YAP was present at extremely low frequencies (∼2%) in the Korean and Mongolian populations. This result is consistent with earlier reports that showed the YAP+ chromosomes to be highly polymorphic only in populations from Japan and Tibet in east Asia. The observed high frequency of haplogroup $C-RPS4Y_711$ in the Mongolian populations (∼40%) is concordant with recent findings, showing that the $RPS4Y_711$-T chromosomes were distributed at high frequencies in Siberian and Mongolian populations compared with most other populations from east Asia. Thus, the relatively moderate frequency of haplogroup $C-RPS4Y_711$ in Korean (∼15%) can be seen as genetic evidence for probable interaction with Mongolian and/or Siberian populations. In contrast, the majority (∼75%) of modern Koreans studied here had high frequencies of Y chromosome lineages of haplogroup O-M175 and additional haplogroupts that define sublineage of O-M175, which are most likely related with modern populations in China. In conclusion, our data on the Y chromosome haplogroup distribution may provide evidence for interaction between Korean and Mongolian populations, but Korean tend to be much more related with those from southern-to-northern populations of China than to Mongolians in east Asia.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.407-412
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• 2020

A simple and reliable HPLC method was developed to determine pharmacologically standard marker compounds of Ulmus parvifolia leaves. Standard markers were characterized with neochlorogenic acid (trans-5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-CQA) and chlorogenic acid (trans-3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3-CQA) using NMR and UPLC-QTof-MS analysis. A method for qualitative/quantitative analysis of the leaves extracts were evaluated including two compounds by using HPLC. The stability test of 30% ethanolic extracts of the leaves sample and standard markers have been evaluated for six months. However, no significant changes in the content of the marker compounds of each extract was observed during the time of investigation.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.19-26
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• 2014

Objectives : Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang) one of important herbal medicines in oriental medicine, is defined as the dried root of Aucklandia lappa (Asteraceae). Owing to the similarities in the morphology and name, Inulae Radix (Tu-Muxiang) and Vladimiriae Radix (Chuan-Muxiang) as well as Aristolochiae Radix (Qing-Muxiang) originated from other medicinal plants are often used as substitutes and/or adulterants of Aucklandiae Radix. Therefore, a reliable authentication of these herbal medicines is necessarily for the public health and prevention of misuse. Methods : 32 samples of medicinal plants supplying Aucklandiae Radix, Inulae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix, and Aristolochiae Radix were collected in Korea and China. The ITS (Internal transcribed spacer) nucleotide sequences of samples were determined. The PCR primers to amply DNA marker of each herbal medicine were designed basing on the specific ITS regions showing differences in the sequences among medicinal plants. Results : Primer set Al R/IS F designed in this work amplified 220 bp PCR product only in samples of Aucklandiae Radix. In contrast, primer set Ih F/IS R, Vs R/IS F, and AcR F1/Ac R amplified 250 bp product, 356 bp prouct, and 516 bp product respectively to identify Inulae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix, and Aristolochiae Radix. Conclusions : The primers designed basing on the nucleotide sequences of ITS regions appearing differenced in the sequences among medicinal plants amplified the DNA markers for the identification of Aucklandiae Radix, Inulae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix, and Aristolochiae Radix. These herbal medicines were more efficiently identified by multiplex PCR method using all primers in a single PCR process.