• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.37-43
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• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare and analysis the changes in strength and endurance of the knee extensor muscles after Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods: Twelve male subjects with ligament injury were seated on Biodex and the hip joint was flexed at 110°, and torso, lower extremities, and legs were fixed using Velcro. The resistance device was placed at a point 3cm above the ankle, and measurements were taken before and a surgery at 60°/sec and 180°/sec when the knee was maximally extended. The postures ingeniously combine forward-bending poses countered with backward-bending ones. Results: There was no significant difference in the comparison of muscle strength of 60°/sec and 180°/sec before surgery. But there was a significant difference after surgery. There was significant difference in muscle endurance both before and after surgery. There was a significant difference in the pre- and post- operative comparison values of muscle strength and endurance in isokinetic movements at 60°/sec and 180°/sec during knee extension on the injured side. Conclusion: For cruciate ligament tears, Orthopedic reconstruction is recommended. Correct alignment of the knee ligament after surgery can enhance the strength and endurance of the quadriceps femoris during knee extension rejuvenated.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of gluteus medius strength exercise on the ankle stability of high school student with chronic ankle sprains. Methods: A total of 30 participants were divided two groups. Experimental group was 15 participants applied gluteus medius strength exercise. Control group was 15 participants performing ankle strength exercise. This study was performed for 50 minutes per day, three a week for 6 weeks. All measurements were taken to a pre and post test. Strength was measured using Power Track ll. Balance was measured using Biodex balance system for Limits of Stability and Postural Stability. Ankle Stability was measured using Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT). Results: In the case of gluteus medius strength, there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group. For ankle stability were statistically significant differences within the experimental group according to measurements taken by Limits of Stability, Postural Stability, and CAIT. A between group comparison showed a statistically significant difference for CAIT only. Conclusion: According to our measurements it appears that gluteus medius strength training was effective in benefiting muscular strength, balance and ankle stability among the physical education.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.141-148
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• 2019

Purpose: The present study investigated the effects of 12-week aquatic exercise training on isokinetic muscle function of the shoulder in adolescents with cerebral palsy. Methods: The study included four male and four female adolescents with cerebral palsy. Isokinetic muscle function was measured at an angular velocity of $60^{\circ}/s$, using Biodex System VI Pro. The peak torques of internal rotation and external rotation were measured before and after training. Aquatic exercise training was performed once a day for 120 min, 4 times a week for 12 weeks. Results: The peak torque of external rotation according to body weight and mean power of internal rotation were significantly higher after training (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that 12-week aquatic training for adolescents with cerebral palsy can improve isokinetic muscle function of the shoulder. Future studies should analyze the changes in isokinetic muscle function of the shoulder in more detail using various aquatic exercise programs to investigate their effects on individuals with cerebral palsy.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.19-29
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• 2019

Purpose : To determine whether an advanced rehabilitation therapy combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy consisting of sensorimotor exercises that would be superior to a usual treadmill training in gait ability and fall risk in subacute stroke patients. Methods : Thirty subjects randomly assigned to either multi-sensorimotor training group (n=19) or treadmill training group (n=18). Both groups first performed conventional physical therapy for 30 min, after which the multi-sensorimotor training group performed multi-sensorimotor training for 30 min, and the treadmill training group performed treadmill gait training for 30 min. Both groups performed the therapeutic interventions 5 days per week for 8 weeks. Gait ability was evaluated using the GAITRite system and Fall risk was measured using the Biodex Balance system before intervention and after 8 weeks. Results : There were no intergroup differences between demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline (p>.05). Both groups showed a significant improvement in gait ability (p<.05) and Fall risk (p<.05). In particular, the multi-sensorimotor training group showed more significant differences in gait velocity (p=.05), step length (p=.01) and stride length (p=.014) than the treadmill training group. Conclusion : The multi-sensorimotor training program performed on multiple types of sensory input had beneficial effect on gait ability. A large-scale randomized controlled study is needed to prove the effect of this training.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.91-96
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• 2021

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of cryotherapy on the ankle joint muscle strength and balance ability in stroke patients with ankle joint muscles. Methods: In this study, 20 patients with chronic stroke were recruited from a rehabilitation hospital. The patients were divided into two groups: a cryotherapy group (10 patients) and a control group (10 patients). The cryotherapy group performed sit-to-stand training for 15 minutes and then cryotherapy for the minutes. In the control group, after sit-to-stand training for 15 minutes, blocked cryotherapy was provided for three minutes. In both groups, the interventions were provided five times a week for three weeks. The strength of the ankle joint muscles was measured before and after the training using the Biodex systems 3. The static balance ability was measured using balancia software, and the dynamic balance ability was measured by performing the sit-to-stand test (FTSST) five times. Results: After the training periods, the cryotherapy group showed significant improvement in the ankle dorsiflexor strength, ankle plantarflexor strength, weight distribution of the affected side, and FTSST compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on these results, cryotherapy could be considered an effective method to improve the strength of ankle joint muscles. Cryotherapy improves muscle strength as it increases the motor neuron excitability. Therefore, cryotherapy may be considered to improve the strength of the ankle joint muscles of stroke patients.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to verify the effectiveness of sit-to-stand training with visual feedback to improve balance ability and knee extensor strength of total knee replacement patients. Methods: In this study, 15 patients with total knee replacement participated in this study. Subjects were assigned to two groups: a feedback group (experimental group)(n = 8) and a control group (n = 7). They all received 30 min of continuous passive motion (CPM) and sit-to-stand training for 15 min five times per week for two weeks. Knee extensor and balance ability were measured. Knee extensor was measured by Biodex system 3; balance ability was measured by Balancia software. Results: After the intervention, there was a significant difference in the strengthening of the knee extensor muscles in the feedback group, area 95%, weight distribution of the affected side, and the sit-to-stand test repeated five times (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that sit-to-stand training with visual feedback was more effective in increasing knee extensor muscle strength and balance ability than the sit-to-stand training without visual feedback. Therefore, in order to improve the knee extensor muscle and the balance of total knee replacement patients, it is necessary to consider providing visual feedback during sit-to-stand training.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.52-59
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the postural balance program which uses the movement accelerating field principles of posture balance training and evaluation equipment and smartphone movement accelerometer program (SMAP) in healthy young adults. A total of 34 people were appointed as the subject among the healthy young adults. By using Biodex stability system (BSS) and SMAP on the subject, the posture balance capability was evaluated. For the test-retest reliability, SMAP showed the intra-class correlation (ICC: .62~.91) and standard error measurement (SEM: .01~.08). BSS showed the moderate to high reliability of ICC (.88~.93) and SEM (.02~.20). In the reliability of inter-rater, ICC (.59~.73) as to SMAP, showed the reliability of moderate in eyes open stability all (EOSA), eyes open stability anterior posterior (EOSAP), eyes open stability medial lateral (EOSML) and eyes open dinamic all (EODA), eyes open danamic anterior posterior (EODAP), and eyes open danamic medial lateral (EODML). However, ICC showed reliability which was as low as .59 less than in other movements. In addition, BSS showed the reliability of high as ICC (.70~.75). It showed reliability which was as low as ICC (.59 less than) in other movements. In correlation to the balance by attitudes between SMAP and BSS, EOSML (r=.62), EODA (r=.75), EODML (r=.72), ECDAP (r=.64), and ECDML (r=.69) shown differ significantly (p<.05). However, the correlation noted in other movements did not differ significantly. Therefore, SMAP and BSS can be usefully used in the posture balance assessment of the static and dynamic condition with eyes opened and closed.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the muscular activity and muscle strength for swing track of upper limbs during rowing exercise. Subject was all twenty healthy adults and they were divided into linear exercise group and elliptical exercise group in random. Subjects performed rowing exercise 3-times for a week and performed all 8-weeks. We measured realtime-surface EMG. Also we measured joint torque of elbow, ankle and lumbar in subjects using BIODEX. The result showed that when rowing exercise, elliptical track exercise had higher muscular activity in trapezius, deltoid, erector spinae, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, gastronemius than linear track exercise on more many muscle of upper and lower limbs. Also elbow joint torque and lumbar joint torque was more higher too. but linear exercise also had higher muscular activity in multifidus, tibilalis anterior than elliptical track exercise. According to this experiment, we found out that elliptical track was more efficient than linear track.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.361-368
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the comparison of balance on Stable Ankle(SA), Instability Ankle(IA) using Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool(CAIT). METHODS: Total 54(SA: 27, IA: 27) subjects were volunteered to participate in the study. SA can be defined CAIT score ${\geq}28$, with no history of injury to ankle. IA can be defined persisting symptoms of giving way and ${\leq}24$ on the CAIT after ankle sprain. the balance measured using Biodex Balance System$^{(R)}$(BBS). BBS instability protocols used static, dynamic balance level less stable(2), moderate stable(4) and level more stable(8). RESULTS: There were significant differences at overall, Anterior-Posterior(AP), Medial-Lateral(ML) of static balance, dynamic balance level 2, 4. The dynamic balance level 8 found significant difference at ML, but not found significant differences at overall, AP. CONCLUSION: We suggest that CAIT is acquired more exact information for IA intervention, as balance measured.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of visual cue deprivation during sideways treadmill training in individuals with stroke. Twenty-eight stroke patients were divided into two groups, and each group participated in a sideways treadmill training session for 20 minutes, three times per week for 4 weeks. The eyes close group (15 subjects) performed this treadmill training with visual cue deprivation, while the eyes open group (13 subjects) performed it without visual cue deprivation. Gait function was measured in both groups before and after the training sessions with the Biodex Gait Trainer 2, which determined walking speed, distance, step length, and time on each foot. Balance was measured before and after each training period in both groups using the Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST), the Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and the seven-item Berg Balance Scale-3P (7-item BBS-3P). The eyes close group showed significantly improved gait function, walking speed, distance, step length, and time on each foot after training (p<.05). The eyes close group showed improved balance ability, FTSST, TUG, and 7-item BBS-3P test after training (p<.05). The findings indicated that sideways treadmill training with visual cue deprivation positively affects gait ability of stroke patients. Therefore, sideways treadmill training with visual cue deprivation may be useful for the recovery of gait ability of stroke patients.