• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.201-202
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• 2001

Mass culture of microalgae as feed for mollusc, crustaceans and fish is an important components of the mariculture industry (Metting Jr., 1996) Growth activator for tetraselmis suecica were screened in methanol and water soluble extracts of several seaweed tissues. Also examined in this study were change in growth rate, biochemical composition, and digestion efficiency, of T.suecica cultured with and without the most effective of these extracts, the water soluble component extracted form M. nitidium. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.214.1-214.1
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• 2003

Metabonomic analysis using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) was employed to test the feasibility to predict chemical-induced toxicity. Time-dependent metabolic variations were evaluated in rats treated with the model hepatotoxin, ${\alpha}$- naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT). Urine samples of ANIT treated group and control group were collected up to 7 days postdose. Urine samples were analyzed by gradient HPLC combined with electrospray mass spectrometry. The chromatographic results were data-reduced and analyzed using principal component analysis to show the time dependent biochemical variations induced by ANIT toxicity. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.319.2-319.2
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• 2002

Chitin is a major component of the shells of crustacea such as crab. shrimp and crawfish. Renal dipeptidase (RDPase. EC 3.4.13.19), an ectoenzyme of renal proximal tubules. is covalently bound to outer leaflet of lipid bilayer via glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor. The biological role of RDPase was suggested as the hydrolysis of dipeptide into free-amino acids before renal reabsorption. The underlying biochemical mechanism of decreased RDPase release was suggested as nitric oxide (NO) production. (omitted)

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.197-203
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• 2014

This study estimated spatial and seasonal variation of water quality to understand characteristics of Nakdong river basin, Korea. All together 11 parameters (discharge, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, 5-day biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, pH, suspended solids, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total organic carbon) at 22 different sites for the period of 2003-2011 were analyzed using multivariate statistical techniques (cluster analysis, principal component analysis and factor analysis). Hierarchical cluster analysis grouped whole river basin into three zones, i.e., relatively less polluted (LP), medium polluted (MP) and highly polluted (HP) based on similarity of water quality characteristics. The results of factor analysis/principal component analysis explained up to 83.0%, 81.7% and 82.7% of total variance in water quality data of LP, MP, and HP zones, respectively. The rotated components of PCA obtained from factor analysis indicate that the parameters responsible for water quality variations were mainly related to discharge and total pollution loads (non-point pollution source) in LP, MP and HP areas; organic and nutrient pollution in LP and HP zones; and temperature, DO and TN in LP zone. This study demonstrates the usefulness of multivariate statistical techniques for analysis and interpretation of multi-parameter, multi-location and multi-year data sets.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.21 no.1 s.96
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• pp.59-67
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• 2006

2D spectrofluorometer produces many spectral data during fermentation processes. The fluorescence spectra are analyzed using chemometric methods such as principal component analysis (PCA), principal component regression (PCR) and partial least square regression (PLS). Analysis of the spectral data by PCA results in scores and loadings that are visualized in score-loading plots and used to monitor a few fermentation processes by S. cerevisae and recombinant E. coli. Two chemometric models were established to analyze the correlation between fluorescence spectra and process variables using PCR and PLS, and PLS was found to show slightly better calibration and prediction performance than PCR.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 2023

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) involves multi-factorial conditions linked to an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Pre-metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS) possesses two MetS components but does not meet the MetS diagnostic criteria. Although cardiac autonomic derangements are evident in MetS, there is little information on their status in pre-MetS subjects. In this study, we sought to examine cardiac autonomic functions in pre-MetS and to determine which MetS component is more responsible for impaired cardiac autonomic functions. A total of 182 subjects were recruited and divided into healthy controls (n=89) and pre-MetS subjects (n=93) based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. We performed biochemical profiles on fasting blood samples to detect pre-MetS. Using standardized protocols, we evaluated anthropometric data, body composition, baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), heart rate variability (HRV), and autonomic function tests (AFTs). We further examined these parameters in pre-MetS subjects for each MetS component. Compared to healthy controls, we observed a significant cardiac autonomic dysfunction (CAD) through reduced BRS, lower overall HRV, and altered AFT parameters in pre-MetS subjects, accompanied by markedly varied anthropometric, clinical and biochemical parameters. Furthermore, all examined BRS, HRV, and AFT parameters exhibited an abnormal trend and significant correlation toward hyperglycemia. This study demonstrates CAD in pre-MetS subjects with reduced BRS, lower overall HRV, and altered AFT parameters. Hyperglycemia was considered an independent determinant of alterations in all the examined BRS, HRV, and AFT parameters. Thus, hyperglycemia may contribute to CAD in pre-MetS subjects before progressing to MetS.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.115-124
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• 1983

The biochemical nature of the protein constituents of six year old fresh Panax ginseng root was studied. Total protein constituents were extracted with phosphate buffer of pH 7.4, ionic strength of 0.1 and fractionated by ultrafiltration using four different membranes which cut down the materials of molecular weight of 500, 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000, respectively. Each fraction was subjected to ion exchange chromatography using DEAE - cellulose to isolate component proteins. The protein fraction larger than molecular weight of 10,000 was refractionated by the method of ammonium sulfate precipitation. The electrophoresis of the refractionated protein constituents was performed. The amino acid composition of the protein constituents was determined by gas- liquid chromatography. From the results, it could be summarized that eleven different protein constituents smaller than molecular weight of 10,000 were isolated from the fresh Panax ginseng root. At least eleven different protein constituents larger than molecular weight of 10,000 were identified from the electrophoretic patterns. These protein costituents seem to be compounded of all or some of five different subunits.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.379-387
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• 2023

Dog owners seek treatment when their pets develop cancer. IMMUNIES is traditional herbal medicine-based figment made of 10 natural herbs, designed to maintain host immune function. The major component of IMMUNIES is Dendropanax morbiferus. This clinical pilot study monitored the toxicity and efficacy of IMMUNIES. Four senile dogs with spontaneously occurring mammary and liver cancers were enrolled in this study and treated orally daily for 3 months, and their blood/urine biochemical profiles were examined each month. IMMUNIES was well tolerated during the treatment period. Blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and C-reactive protein levels decreased in all four dogs, whereas red blood cells and hematocrit were within the normal range. IMMUNIES also changed the expression of several molecular targets in the anticancer pathway, such as pro-NAG-1, p53, and cyclin D1. Although the tumors did not completely respond to IMMUNIES, the biochemical profiles and clinical examination showed a stabilized cancer status for 3 months. Thus, IMMUNIES was found to be safe and well-tolerated in the dosage range tested and exhibited cancer antiproliferative activity in canine cancer. Future studies should address other potential benefits of IMMUNIES, including correlative assessments of immune function, quality of life, and owner satisfaction.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.2 s.75
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• pp.297-301
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• 2006

For developing natural antibacterial agents from Houttuynia cordata Thunb., antibacterial effects of volatile flavor component using various bacterial sp. were tested. Extraction from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. by using SDE (Simultaneous steam Distillation-Extraction) showed strong antibacterial activities against Vibrio and Bacillus genus, such as Vibrio. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, Bacillus. cereus, and B. subtilis. Then chemical compositions of leaf and stem were analyzed. The contents of crude protein, lipid, and ash in stem were less than those of leaf, but fiber contents were higher than those of leaf. Among the amino acids, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, and arginine were higher than those of other amino acids. Linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid were major fatty acids. Major minerals of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. were potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, and copper. Especially, in the case of potassium, it was highest.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.289-295
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• 2005

In this study, the cultural medium used for the efficient production of $\gamma$-PGA with a newly isolated Bacillus sp. RKY3 was optimized. It was necessary to supplement the culture medium with L-glutamic acid and an additional carbon source in order to induce the effective production of $\gamma$-PGA. The amount of $\gamma$-PGA increased with the addition of L-glutamic acid to the medium. The addition of 90 g/L L-glutamic acid to the medium resulted in the maximal yield of $\gamma$-PGA (83.2 g/L). The optimum nitrogen source was determined to be peptone, but corn steep liquor, a cheap nutrient, was also found to be effective for $\gamma$-PGA production. Both the $\gamma$-PGA production and cell growth increased rapidly with the addition of small amounts of $K_2HPO_4$ and $MgSO_4\cdot7H_{2}O$. Bacillus sp. RKY3 appears to require $Mg^{2+}$, rather than $Mn^{2+}$, for $\gamma$-PGA production, which is distinct from the production protocols associated with other, previously reported bacteria. Bacillus sp. RKY3 may also have contributed some minor $\gamma$-PGA depolymerase activity, resulting in the reduction of the molecular weight of the produced $\gamma$-PGA at the end of fermentation.