• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.245-254
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of natural herb mixture containing Laminaria japonica Areschoung (LAM) on fine dust-induced bronchitis in mice. Laminaria japonica Areschoung is main content of LAM, which is including fucoidan. Fucoidan extracted from phaophyta is known to prevent bronchitis and to defend against bacteria and virus infection. In this study, we experienced the effect of LAM on bronchitis and investigated gene expressions (e.g ; IL-8, COX-2, MCP-1) and bio-markers (e.g ; IL-8, PGE2, MUC5AC) associated with bronchitis by using A549 cells. Also, we investigated whether LAM can suppress the bronchitis in fine dust-induced animal models. We injected fine dust (50 ㎕) twice as INT (Intra-Nasal-Trachea) method. Then LAM (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) were oral administered for 14 days. We analyzed the number of immune cells, immunoglobulin E, bio-markers level associated with bronchitis. LAM significantly decreased bio-marker (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, Histamine, PGE2), immune cells (white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte), and immunoglobulin E, that are increased by fine dust. Taken together, this study suggest that LAM can be used as effective herbal extract for bronchitis.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.192-199
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• 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate chromosomal abnormalities and their correlations with clinical and radiological findings in females with primary amenorrhea (PA). Methods: Detailed forms were recorded for 470 females, including the construction of three-generation pedigrees. Peripheral venous blood was drawn, with informed consent, for cytogenetic analysis. Results: An abnormal karyotype was found in 16.38% of participants. The incidence of structural abnormalities (6.8%) exceeded that of numerical abnormalities (6.15%). Turner syndrome represented 45% of all numerical abnormalities. Furthermore, the Y chromosome was detected in 5% of females with PA. Among the structural chromosomal abnormalities detected (n=32) were mosaicism (25%), deletions (12.5%), isochromosomes (18.75%), fragile sites (3.12%), derivatives (3.12%), marker chromosomes (3.12%), and normal variants (29.125%). An examination of secondary sexual characteristics revealed that 29.6% of females had a complete absence of breast development, 29.78% lacked pubic hair, and 36.88% exhibited no axillary hair development. Radiological findings revealed that 51.22% of females had a hypoplastic uterus and 26.66% had a completely absent uterus. Abnormal ovarian development, such as the complete absence of both ovaries, absence of one ovary, one absent and other streak, or both streak ovaries, was observed in 69.47% of females with PA. Additionally 43.1%, 36.1%, 67.4%, and 8% of females had elevated levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and prolactin, respectively. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of karyotyping as a fundamental diagnostic tool for assessing PA. The cytogenetic correlation with these profiles will aid in genetic counseling and further management of the condition.

• BMB Reports
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• v.56 no.9
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• pp.482-487
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• 2023

Hematopoiesis is regulated by crosstalk between long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) and supporting niche cells in the bone marrow (BM). Here, we describe the role of KAI1, which is mainly expressed on LT-HSCs and rarely on other hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells (HSPCs), in niche-mediated LT-HSC maintenance. KAI1 activates TGF-β1/Smad3 signal in LT-HSCs, leading to the induction of CDK inhibitors and inhibition of the cell cycle. The KAI1-binding partner DARC is expressed on macrophages and stabilizes KAI1 on LT-HSCs, promoting their quiescence. Conversely, when DARC+ BM macrophages were absent, the level of surface KAI1 on LT-HSCs decreases, leading to cell-cycle entry, proliferation, and differentiation. Thus, KAI1 acts as a functional surface marker of LT-HSCs that regulates dormancy through interaction with DARC-expressing macrophages in the BM stem cell niche. Recently, we showed very special and rare macrophages expressing α-SMA+ COX2+ & DARC+ induce not only dormancy of LT-HSC through interaction of KAI1-DARC but also protect HSCs by down-regulating ROS through COX2 signaling. In the near future, the strategy to combine KAI1-positive LT-HSCs and α-SMA/Cox2/DARC triple-positive macrophages will improve the efficacy of stem cell transplantation after the ablative chemo-therapy for hematological disorders including leukemia.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.144-148
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• 2006

Apoptotic death of articular chondrocytes has been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) has been used for several years as a marker enzyme of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. This study investigated the activity of TRAP in media of apoptotic cell death-induced canine chondrocyte. We exposed canine chondrocyte to capsaicin and the results showed that capsaicin induced cell death in a dose dependent manner. And we measured TRAP activity in media of chondrocyte death induced by capsaicin treatment and the results capsaicin significantly increased the activity of TRAP in media for dose dependent. We also investigated whether the combination treatment with capsaicin and TRAIL enhance apoptotic cell death in canine chondrocyte. We exposed canine chondrocyte to capsaicin for 24 hrs at the indicated dose, and then treated with recombinant TRAIL protein for 24 hrs. TRAIL alone did not induce cell death after 24 hours, but the combined treatment of both induced more cell death compared with capsaicin alone in a dose dependent manner. Also, the combination treatment with capsaicin and TRAIL increased the activity of TRAP in culture media. These results suggest that TRAP can flow out into extracellular after chondrocyte damage, and TRAP may be a successful biomarker for detection of joint disease such as osteoarthritis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.2999-3005
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• 2009

Among the more than 120 different types of human papillomavirus (HPV), types 16 and 18 have been known to be high risk agents that cause cervical cancer. We examined, in an immuno-chromatographic analysis, the potential of using the early gene product, E7 protein, as a diagnostic marker of cervical cancer caused by HPV. We developed monoclonal antibodies specific to HPV-16 and 18 E7 proteins that were produced from bacterial cells using gene recombinant technology. For each E7 protein, the optimal antibody pair was selected using the immuno-chromatographic sandwichtype binding system based on the lateral flow through membrane pores. Under these conditions, this rapid testing assay had a detection capability as low as 2 ng/mL of E7 protein. Furthermore, since viral analysis required the host cell to be lysed using chemicals such as detergents, it was possible that the E7 protein was structurally damaged during this process, which would result in a decrease in detection sensitivity. Therefore, we examined the detrimental effects caused by different detergents on the E7 protein using HeLa cells as the host. In these experiments, we found that the damage caused by the detergent, nonylphenylpolyethylene glycol (NP-40), was minimal relative to Triton X-100 commonly used for the cell lysis. Temperature also affected the stability of the E7 protein, and we found that the E7 protein was stabilized at 4$^{\circ}C$ for about 2 h, which was 4 times longer than at room temperature. Finally, a HPV-infected cervical cancer cell line, which was used as a real sample model, was treated using the optimized conditions and the presence of E7 proteins were analyzed by immuno-chromatography. The results of this experiment demonstrated that this rapid test could specifically detect HPV-infected samples.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.240-249
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• 2022

Purpose: Glabridin (GD) is a bio-available isoflavane isolated from the root extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.). It exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. However, extracellular vesicles (EVs) secretion and the anti-cancer mechanism of action remains largely unknown. The present study investigates the anticancer effects of GD by determining the inhibition of EVs secretion in the human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. Methods: Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, migration, invasion rate, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration were assessed in MDA-MB-231 cells treated with increasing concentrations of GD (0.1, 1, 5, 10, 20 µM). Subsequently, EV secretion and exosomal DEL-1 protein expression were evaluated to determine the anticancer effects of GD. Results: The results showed that GD significantly inhibited the cell proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose- or time-dependent manner. Also, ROS production and apoptosis marker protein cleaved caspase-3 were significantly increased in GD-treated MDA-MB-231, compared to control. Furthermore, GD exposure resulted in significantly decreased not only migration and invasion rates but also the VEGF concentration, thereby contributing to a reduction in angiogenesis. Interestingly, the concentration and number of EVs as well as EV marker proteins, such as CD63 and TSG101, were decreased in GD-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Markedly, extracellular matrix protein DEL-1 as angiogenesis factor was decreased in EVs from GD-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion: This study identifies that the anti-cancer molecular mechanism of GD is exerted via inhibition of angiogenesis and EVs secretion, indicating the potential of GD as a chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.532-536
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• 2004

Due to the fourth-instar larvae of C. riparius have a sensitive to ecdysteroidal molting hormones for the life cycle developments, accordingly the emerged adult affected corresponding to larval phase's environments. The emerged female from larval phase exposure to DEHP observed a fact body and clumsy fling behavior in females. The body volume of treated female groups was clearly larger than that of control fe- males. In the 2D/E gel 1108 protein spots were identified. The visualized protein spots allowed extraction of 27 protein spots differed more than 3 fold in DEHP treated animals, which was approximately 2.4％ of the total protein spots. In this view, the body volume (or morphological characters) was well observed and detected faster than physiological detection for various EDCs. In this study, the body volume as a detecting po-int for EDCs suggested a bio-marker in individual levels.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.194-195
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• 2007

We have constructed the Rice Genome Information Service System (RGISS), which is an information service system of the Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica (rice) genome, using the released version of rice Build 3.0 pseudomolecules based on the Ensembl architecture. The nonredundant library, composed of 3,360 clones of BACs, PACs, and fosmids, was used to construct supercontigs. RGISS contains 50,717 annotated genes from GenBank, 56,161 predicted genes from FgeneSH, and information on 9,587 markers, which includes STS, SSR, and EST-based RFLP. The 20,180 ESTs sequenced by the Korea National Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology (NIAB) were aligned and mapped into 168,792 exons. By gene ontology analysis, the classified protein numbers in the rice genome were 6158, 4531, and 12,364 proteins, which were mapped to molecular function, cellular component, and biological process, respectively.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.279-280
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• 2007

Airway wall thickness is an important bio-marker for evaluation of pulmonary diseases such as stenosis, bronchiectasis. Nevertheless, an image-based analysis of the airway tree can provide precise and valuable airway size information, quantitative measurement of airway wall thickness in CT images involves various sources of error and uncertainty. So we have developed an accurate airway wall measurement technique for small airways with three-dimensional (3-D) approach. To illustrate performance of these techniques, we used airway phantom that consisted of 4 acryl tubes with various inner and outer diameters. Results show that evaluation of interpolation and deconvolution methods of airways in 3-D CT images, and significant improvement over the full-width-half-maximum method for measurement of not only location of the luminal and outer edge of the airway wall but airway wall thickness.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.165-168
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• 2015

기계학습 기반의 자연어처리 모듈에서 중요한 단계 중 하나는 모듈의 입력으로 단어를 표현하는 것이다. 벡터의 사이즈가 크고, 단어 간의 유사성의 개념이 존재하지 않는 One-hot 형태와 대조적으로 유사성을 표현하기 위해서 단어를 벡터로 표현하는 단어 표현 (word representation/embedding) 생성 작업은 자연어 처리 작업의 기계학습 모델의 성능을 개선하고, 몇몇 자연어 처리 분야의 모델에서 성능 향상을 보여 주어 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 Word2Vec, CCA, 그리고 GloVe를 사용하여 106,552개의 PubMed의 바이오메디컬 논문의 요약으로 구축된 말뭉치 카테고리의 각 단어 표현 모델의 카테고리 분류 능력을 확인한다. 세부적으로 나눈 카테고리에는 질병의 이름, 질병 증상, 그리고 난소암 마커가 있다. 분류 능력을 확인하기 위해 t-SNE를 이용하여 2차원으로 단어 표현 결과를 맵핑하여 가시화 한다.